基于耕地质量指数局部空间自相关的耕地保护分区

科学合理地制定耕地保护分区,是实现耕地差异化保护、精细化管理的重要保障。该文采用Moran散点图和局部空间自相关分析相结合的方法,以耕地质量指数为空间变量,探讨广宁县耕地质量的空间结构性特征和聚集性规律,并据此提出耕地保护分区方案。研究结果表明:广宁县耕地质量在空间分布上呈现出一定的聚集性规律,正相关类型(高-高和低-低型)多以"组团"形式出现,聚集性较强;负相关类型(高-低和低-高型)无明显集中区域,零星分布。基于局部空间自相关分析的耕地保护分区,既综合考虑了耕地自然条件、利用条件和经济条件,同时将耕地质量的空间属性作为第4维,纳入到耕地保护分区研究中,为耕地差异化保护、精细化管理提供了思路。最后,提出了基于局部空间自相关的耕地保护分区方案及相应的保护措施,可为研究区域耕地保护分区提供参考。     

植物miR168的研究进展

microRNAs（miRNAs）是真核生物中一类长约22 nt的非编码小分子RNA,它通过对靶mRNA的切割或抑制靶mRNA的翻译调控基因的表达,从而对靶基因实施转录后水平负调控,在植物器官的形态建成、生长发育、信号转导及植物对逆境胁迫的应答中起着重要的作用。miR168是植物特有的一类RNA小分子,其主要的靶基因AGO1蛋白是RNA沉默复合体的重要组成成分,广泛参与对靶mRNA的剪切。本文综述了miR168的发现及其在植物中的分布、miR168与AGO1蛋白的关系、miR168对逆境胁迫的响应以及其在动植物间的跨界调节等,为进一步帮助人们了解miR168的功能及其参与动植物间跨界调节这一特性奠定良好的基础。     

Assessment of the antibacterial activity and the antidiarrheal function of flavonoids from bayberry fruit

Chinese bayberry fruits are used as a folk medicine to cure diarrhea. However, the active compounds have not yet been reported. We found that bayberry fruit extract showed significant antibacterial activity against Salmonella, Listeria, and Shigella, and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 2.07 to 8.28 mg/mL. Positive relationships were found between the antibacterial activity and the total polyphenol (r = 0.88) and flavonoid contents (r = 0.92) of samples using different extraction times. The active compounds showed green or blue fluorescence under UV light using the bioautography method and were purified using a polyamide column. The fraction F1 with the most activity was comprised of flavonoids, which included cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, myricetin deoxyhexoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, and quercetin deoxyhexoside, and it also possessed an antidiarrheal activity (p < 0.10) at 80 mg/kg in mice. These findings provide scientific evidence for the antidiarrheal function of bayberry.     

红松林木生长轮材质预测的研究

生长轮材质预测属于新兴的学科,主要是通过生长轮材质分析法,寻求林木生长中生态条件的变化与木材材质变化的相互关系。本文描述了红松树枝与树干材质的变化过程,以数量化的模式揭示了它们的相关性,为用树枝预测树干材质开辟了新的途径。试材取自辽宁草河口解放林(4株),吉林土们岭张二北沟(4株),每株树木在枝下高处、1/2枝下高、1.3 m胸高处截取厚10 cm圆盘各三个,以此进行生长轮材质分析测定。试验结果借助数量化理论Ⅰ模式,得出综合相关方程。     

湖南绿色食品产业发展现状·问题与对策

对湖南绿色食品产业发展中存在的问题进行了分析,认为湖南的绿色食品存在总量偏少、结构单一、加工能力较弱、区域发展不平衡等不足,提出通过加大政府支持力度、发展绿色食品支持性产业以及加快食品加工业发展等对策,推动湖南绿色食品产业的发展。     

强普生Ⅲ号对H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的杀灭试验

强普生Ⅲ号是以多种植物为原料,采用科学方法提练精制而成的中草药,其富含鞣质、毛莨黄素、生物碱、酚类、黄酮甙、靛甙、蒽醌甙等物质,能增强动物机体的免疫功能.提高动物机体抗应激的能力,有很好的抗病毒作用。与常用的消毒药物相比较,强普生Ⅲ号具有不含任何化学物质,无毒副作用、不易产生耐药性、无残留的特点。本试验结果表明:强普生Ⅲ号与禽流感病毒作用10分钟后,原液、1:5、1:10、1:20、1:40、1:80的受试液对病毒的杀灭率均为100%,有完全的杀病毒作用, 是一种理想的绿色环保型消毒剂。     

沙河水库植被调查与分析

通过野外调查和采集植物标本,调查沙河水库正常水位外50m范围内的植被现状。结果表明,沙河水库植物种类较丰富,以次生林和人工林为主,共有植物70科,253种。其中蕨类植物有7科,9种;被子植物有63科,244种。但部分地段的植被由于人类活动的干扰,破坏较严重,优势野生植物种类不多,且日趋减少。对此,有关部门应高度重视,及早采取有效措施保护沙河水库植被。     

Interactions Between Sulfur and Selenium Uptake by Corn in Solution Culture

Interactions between sulfur (S) and selenium (Se) uptake and accumulation in corn (Zea mays) plants were investigated in solution culture. Two concentrations (5 and 10 μ M) of Se (as selenate) and three concentrations of S (as sulfate) (0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 mM) were used. Results showed that shoot and root biomass were affected significantly by different S concentrations in solution, but not affected by Se application when S concentrations in solution were lower than 1.5 mM. Selenium concentrations as well as Se accumulation in shoots and roots on a dry weight basis increased dramatically with increasing Se concentrations in solution. At a constant Se level, increasing S in solution reduced Se concentrations. Selenium accumulation in plants was not affected by S application, except in nutrient solution with Se at a concentration of 10 μ M. Sulfur concentrations and S accumulation in shoots increased significantly with increasing Se concentrations in solution, while those in roots were unaffected by Se addition. Solution-to-shoot transfer factors and shoot-root distribution coefficients of Se and S were also discussed. These data suggest that it is necessary to manage carefully both S and Se levels in solution or in soils for supplementation of Se in plants. Results from this study indicate that human Se nutrition can be improved by supplementation of Se in crops.     

施用生防颗粒剂对大豆田土壤线虫群落结构和生物多样性的影响

针对大豆生长期内土壤线虫的变化，利用自行研制的生防颗粒剂豆丰一号对大豆田土壤线虫的群落结构和生物多样性进行了研究，共鉴定出5目14科的土壤线虫，其中植物寄生线虫是大豆根际土壤线虫的优势营养类群。与对照相比，生防颗粒剂处理在大豆的整个生育期抑制了土壤线虫总量和植物寄生线虫群体数量，但在大豆生育末期促进了食细茵线虫和杂食—捕食性营养类群的增加。应用多样性指数H’、成熟度指数MI、均匀度指数J’、丰富度指数SR、优势度指数l和植物寄生线虫成熟度指数PPI分析比较了处理区和对照区土壤线虫生物多样性变化规律，其中，多样性指数H’、丰富度指数SR和成熟度指数MI较好的反映了生防颗粒剂的施用对大豆田土壤线虫生物多样性的促进作用。     

大豆精加工产品DNA提取方法及转基因检测

针对大豆精加工产品提取DNA纯度和浓度不高的难题,对传统的CTAB法、试剂盒法及改良试剂盒法进行了比较研究,采用改良的试剂盒法快速提取了满足实时荧光定量PCR检测要求的高纯度和高产量DNA,并且利用实时荧光定量PCR定性检测出了大豆精加工产品中的内源基因和外源基因.