黑(果皮)糯玉米主要标志性状及色泽遗传规律研究初报

用4年时间,就黑(果皮)糯玉米色泽进行了遗传规律研究,结果表明:黑(果皮)糯玉米属于果皮遗传,其标志性特征与色泽均为连锁遗传,色泽具有部分加性效应。黑糯玉米材料作母本时显示母本黑色(或紫红色),作父本时花粉没有直感现象,当代不表现黑色,它与黄糯玉米材料杂交子粒为黄色,与白糯玉米材料杂交子粒为浅黄色,与黑糯玉米材料杂交子粒为黑色,F1穗轴紫红(黑)色,子粒紫红(黑)色。黑(果皮)糯玉米杂交种只能用F1,F2产生分离不能留种用,其标志性主根紫红、叶脉紫红等特征在苗期可用作纯度鉴定和去杂参考。     

互花米草入侵对盐城东台盐滩多毛纲动物多样性的影响及管理对策

生物入侵是全球变化的重要组成部分,可能对入侵地造成严重的经济和生态后果,所以评价外来种入侵的生态后果是环境影响评价研究的重点.2005年8月-2006年4月通过对三个样地多毛类的物种丰富度、多样性指数、生物量的比较,得出优势度指数:闸口>互化米草盐滩>光滩;个体数:秋季>春季>冬季>夏季;丰富度:夏季>春季>秋季>冬季.并以米草属植物为例,分析了其对入侵地区江苏盐城东台梁垛滩涂的多毛纲动物的影响,结合国际上对米草属入侵种的管理策略,提出几点关于东台米草属植物管理的建议.     

偶像的颠覆与思想的锐进——谭嗣同对湘军评判的心路曲线

湘军在晚清历史上声名显赫.作为湘系官宦子弟,谭嗣同最初对湘军有着一种朴素的认同感.他赞颂湘军的功业,崇仰湘军人物并以之作为偶像.但是,到甲午中日战争之后,谭嗣同开始打破偶像,对湘军及其人物进行了激烈的批判与否定.发生这一转变的深层原因在于谭嗣同放弃了他早年尊崇的"圣人之道",转向了对封建专制主义的批判.在这种情况下,湘军作为清廷维护其封建专制主义"私天下"的工具,自然遭到了谭嗣同的唾弃与痛恨.     

饲喂甘草茎叶对奶牛血液生理指标的影响

[目的]研究饲喂甘草茎叶后对奶牛血液生理生化指标的影响.[方法]选取20头健康的泌乳后期(258±12)DIM的荷斯坦奶牛,根据产奶量、分娩时间和胎次进行配对试验设计.[结果]甘草茎叶添加组与苜蓿添加组的血尿氮、胆固醇、血糖、血磷、甘油三酯、谷氨转酰酶和血钙的统计差异均不显著(P＞0.05).饲喂甘草茎叶组的血液球蛋白含量差异显著(P≤0.05),血液总蛋白含量具有显著趋势(P≤0.10).[结论]用甘草茎叶替代苜蓿饲喂奶牛,对奶牛具有提高免疫力作用,对奶牛具有保健作用.     

红壤旱地施用保水剂和稻草覆盖对花生生长和产量的效应

在江西丘陵红壤坡地上进行的试验结果表明:施用保水剂和稻草覆盖均可促进花生的生长发育,明显提高花生的产量,但对花生的出苗率影响不大.施用保水剂、覆盖稻草以及两者叠加处理分别比空白对照增加花生产量26.6%、7.69%和29.1%,其中以单施保水剂处理的经济效益最佳,比对照增加纯收入6330.60元/hm2.     

优质富硒玉米新品种晋糯8号的开发利用

优质富硒玉米晋糯8号,种子黄色,F1果穗黑色;生育期短,抗多种病害,适应性广;花丝、穗轴紫红色,穗型美观;糯中带甜,营养丰富,粗蛋白12.43%,粗脂肪3.76%,硒(Se)0.473mg/kg。其用途较广,鲜穗可直接出售,整穗速冻、真空包装保鲜加工,干籽粒加工利用,花丝、穗轴、秸秆等都有很高的利用价值。     

Detection of Drought-Related Loci in Rice at Reproductive Stage Using Selected Introgressed Lines

The present study was carried out to illustrate high-efficient detection of quantitative trait loci(QTLs)with selected introgression lines(ILs)and the existence of'hidden genes' conferring drought tolerance(DT).52 selected DT ILs,derived from BC2F2 population developed by crossing and backcrossing the susceptible recurrent parent(RP)IR64 with the susceptible donor Khazar were planted under irrigation and drought condition.Four important agronomic traits,e.g.,grain yield(GY),heading date(HD),panicle numbers per plant(PN),and plant height(PH)were evaluated and 83 SSR polymorphic molecular markers were used for genotypic analysis.Chi-square test based on genetic hitch-hiking and one-way analysis of variances(ANOVA)were used to detect drought-related loci.Nine and 36 loci were detected by chi-square test and one-way ANOVA,respectively.Five common loci were observed by comparing the results of the two methods,among which two QTLs linked with RM7,and RM241 were detected under irrigation condition,both of the favorable alleles were from RP and explained 13%phenotypic variation(PV)for GY and 28% PV for PH,respectively.The other three QTLs linked with RM163,RM18,and RM270 were detected under drought condition,the favorable alleles were all from the donor and explained 10,24,and 19% PV for HD,PH,and PH,respectively.Five common loci were observed by comparing the results of chi-square test and one-way ANOVA including two QTLs(one for GY and one for PH)under irrigation condition and three QTLs(one for HD and two for PH)under drought condition.By combining phenotypic and genotypic analysis,drought escape could be inferred as the main mechanism for drought tolerance in the present study.The results in present study suggested that the selected ILs population analyzed by chi-square test and one-way ANOVA was quite effective for DT QTL detection with low inputs and could also produce useful materials for breeding with wide genetic diversity for drought tolerance.     

The Estimation of Soil Trace Elements Distribution and Soil-Plant-Animal Continuum in Relation to Trace Elements Status of Sheep in Huangcheng Area of Qilian Mountain Grassland,China

The purpose of the present study was to survey contents of trace elements of Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn in the surface layer (0-20 cm) in the soil, pasture and serum of sheep in Huangcheng area of Qilian mountain grassland, China. Also the soil-plant-animal continuum was analyzed. Soil (n=300), pasture (n=60), and blood serum samples from sheep (n=480) were collected from Huangcheng area of Qilian mountain grassland, China. The contents of trace element in the samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer after digestion. The soil trace elements density distribution shows a ladder-like pattern distribution. Equations developed in the present study for prediction of Fe (R²=0.943) and Zn (R²=0.882) had significant R² values.     

黄骅市土壤含盐量空间变异特征和影响因素分析

文章为了探知黄骅市土壤含盐量的空间变异及影响因素,基于样点数据,运用GIS和地统计相结合的方法对土壤含盐量的空间变异特征和空间分布进行分析和模拟。然后通过逐步回归分析对影响黄骅市土壤含盐量空间分布的主要因素进行分析。结果显示:(1)黄骅市土壤含盐量空间变异拟合于指数模型,存在各向异性,基底效应属于中等,其空间分布受到外界因素的影响。(2)黄骅市土壤含盐量整体上由沿海向内陆逐渐降低,在内陆地区的黄骅镇和南大港也出现了聚集;全市仅有8.49%的土地未出现土壤盐渍化,零星分布于黄骅市内陆边界地区;轻度盐渍化土面积最大,占全市面积的31.93%。(3)黄骅市土壤含盐量与高程、地下水矿化度、地下水埋深空间分布格局较为吻合,与土壤含盐量空间相关性最大的因素是地下水矿化度,而且更多表现为直接影响,其次为地下水埋深,高程因素相关性最小,黄骅市表层土壤与地下水之间垂直迁移交换作用比盐分水平运移作用更显著。     

中国文化软实力研究的回顾与前瞻

当今时代越来越多的国家认识到提升文化软实力对国际竞争的重要意义,纷纷研究文化软实力理论,制定文化软实力发展战略。分析梳理了国内学界关于文化软实力的概念与内涵、文化软实力的重要性与发展现状、如何提升文化软实力等方面的研究,并就文化软实力研究的不足进行探讨,对今后的研究进行了展望。