丁酸梭菌对哺乳母猪繁殖性能、免疫和抗氧化功能的影响

本试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌对哺乳母猪免疫和抗氧化的影响,选取健康经产长白母猪32头(胎次和预产期相近),随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮基础上添加250、500、1000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌。预试期7 d,试验期为28 d(产前7 d至21 d断奶)。结果表明:哺乳第1天,1000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌组血清中IgA、IgM和IgG含量均显著高于对照组;哺乳第21天,250、500、1000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌组IgA含量均显著高于对照组,500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌组IgM和IgG含量均为最高;哺乳第1、10、21天,1000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌组IL-6和IL-1β含量较对照组均显著降低;哺乳第1、10、21天,各丁酸梭菌组超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于对照组,丙二醛含量均显著低于对照组;哺乳第1、21天,500、1000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌组的过氧化氢酶含量较对照组均显著升高;哺乳第21天,500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌组总抗氧化能力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著升高;哺乳第1天和第21天,1000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌组粪便中大肠杆菌的数量显著低于对照组。由此得出,在妊娠后期和哺乳期饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌可以显著提高母猪免疫功能和抗氧化能力,降低粪便中大肠杆菌的数量,且添加量为500~1000 mg/kg时效果明显。     

微酸性电解水对家蚕黑胸败血芽孢杆菌的杀灭效果及机制研究

微酸性电解水作为一种安全、高效、广谱的新型消毒剂,具有制备简单、成本低、使用后无残留、对人体无毒无害等优点.研究微酸性电解水对家蚕黑胸败血芽孢杆菌的杀灭效果及其杀菌机制,为其在蚕桑生产中的应用奠定基础.体外抑菌试验结果表明,有效氯质量浓度为40 mg/L、pH5.5、氧化还原电位(ORP)为1100 mV的微酸性电解水处理5 min即可全部杀灭家蚕黑胸败血芽孢杆菌.生物学试验结果表明,该电解水对家蚕黑胸败血芽孢杆菌处理5 min后,家蚕黑胸败血芽孢杆菌的灭活率达到90％;处理15 min时,灭活率为100％.经微酸性电解水处理后,家蚕黑胸败血芽孢杆菌的外部形态发生改变,菌体膨胀、逐渐伸长,之后出现孔洞,最后菌体破裂、死亡;胞外电导率、可溶性蛋白含量和可溶性糖含量逐渐增加;菌体DNA发生降解.试验结果表明微酸性电解水主要通过破坏家蚕黑胸败血芽孢杆菌细胞外部形态,改变细胞膜通透性,导致细胞内容物外渗,DNA结构受到破坏,达到杀菌目的 .     

黑暗处理对百里香挥发性物质日变化的影响

为研究黑暗处理对植物挥发物释放日变化节律的影响,本试验采用顶空固相微萃取结合气质联用法（HS-SPME/GC-MS）,在1天中6个时间点对正常光照和黑暗处理下的百里香（Thymus mongolicus）叶片释放的挥发性有机物进行测定。研究表明：百里香释放的挥发性物质主要为烯烃类、芳香烃类、醇类、酚类和酯类,其中烯烃类挥发物的数量与相对含量均最多。正常光照下共检测出80种挥发物,8：00为挥发高峰期,12：00和0：00为挥发低谷期。黑暗处理组中共检测出77种,16：00数量最少,20：00数量最多。黑暗处理影响了各类挥发物相对含量日变化趋势,并且减小挥发物相对含量日变化波动幅度,其中烯烃类、芳香烃类、醇类挥发物的变化范围分别为正常光照的41.57%,61.03%,42.87%。本试验为进一步探明植物挥发物释放机理提供了试验证据。     

发酵豆粕在犊牛饲料中的应用进展

豆粕是一种优质的植物性蛋白来源,含有丰富的氨基酸,但也含有胰蛋白酶抑制因子、抗原蛋白以及大豆凝集素等抗营养因子,容易引起犊牛消化功能紊乱,造成营养性腹泻,限制了其在犊牛上的使用量。微生物发酵可以改善豆粕的营养价值,使抗营养因子得到充分的降解,生成的小肽和有机酸有利于犊牛消化吸收和肠道健康,进而提高犊牛断奶日增重和免疫能力,降低犊牛的腹泻率和断奶应激。本文综述了豆粕经过发酵后带来营养价值的变化,并就发酵豆粕在犊牛上的应用进行概述,为其今后在犊牛中的应用提供参考。     

温光和种植制度对棉花早熟性和纤维品质的影响

研究了气候和种植制度对棉花早熟性和主要品质的影响,结果表明:棉花早熟性和纤维长细强指标受温光影响最大,熟制次之,栽培技术第三。进一步分析,气温中日最低温度对纤维品质影响最大。温光、熟制和栽培技术有互作效应,三者互作对细度影响最大,强度次之,长度影响最小;采用促早栽培,提高霜前花率有利于改进整体纤维品质。     

基于WSN的水环境监控系统设计

针对湿地水环境监控需求,采用CC2530芯片设计无线传感器网络终端节点,基于Z-Stack协议栈构建局域自组织无线网络,水体监测传感器的终端节点采集的数据最终汇聚到由CC2531和ARM构建的协调器上,经GPRS与远程上位机客户端建立通信链接并接入互联网络。该系统可以广泛应用于湿地等大范围环境监控,具有成本低、便于维护和节约人力资源等优点。     

梭锥管混浊流体分离装置倾角优化数值模拟研究

为了研究锥圈倾角和下锥管倾角对梭锥管内水沙分离效果的影响,在数值模拟计算结果与PIV测试结果一致基础之上,建立了5个不同锥圈倾角和7个不同下锥管倾角的梭锥管模型,采用层流方程和简化的多相流Mixture模型通过数值模拟计算了浑水含沙浓度为5kg/m3时各个梭锥管内部的泥沙浓度和速度场,详细对比分析了不同倾角下梭锥管内的速度场和浓度分布特性。结果表明,在上锥管结构尺寸、锥圈间距不变的条件下,锥圈倾角β与下锥管倾角γ相等且等于45°时,梭锥管水沙分离效果最好,在该角度下锥圈上表面泥沙滑动至排沙通道所需要的时间最短,梭锥管水沙分离效率最高。     

Preparation and Identification of Canine Parvovirus NY Strain VP2 Protein Polyclonal Antibody

This study was aimed to prepare canine parvovirus (CPV) VP2 protein polyclonal antibody.The recombinant expression vector pET28a-CPV-VP2 was constructed and transfromed into E.coli BL21 (DE3),the expression of recombinant proteins was induced by IPTG from which the fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE.The target protein was purified and emulsify with adjuvant,the prepared immunogen was inoculated into rabbit by subcutaneous injections to prepare of VP2 protein specific polyclonal antibody.The immuno-activity,titers,neutralization titers of the prepared polyclonal antibody were determined by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA).The results showed that the expressed recombinant protein VP2 (rVP2) existed in the form of inclusion body with a molecular weight of 72 ku.The prepared polyclonal antibody titer was 1 600 dilution,the virus titer was 10⁷ TCID₅₀/mL,the neutralizing titer was 1∶2 884.The antibodies showed specific reaction with CPV.In conclusion,rVP2 specific polyclonal antibody showed wonderful immunocompetence,specificity and neutralizing activity,providing foundation for the development of genetic vaccine and clinical therapeutic method.     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

我国黑果枸杞研究进展

黑果枸杞集药用价值、经济价值、生态价值于一体,开发应用潜力巨大。现从资源分布、栽培育种、化学成分、遗传学及产品加工等方面,对近年来我国黑果枸杞研究进行了综述,以期为黑果枸杞的进一步开发和利用提供参考依据。