猪“高热病”发病情况与影响因子相关性分析

采用χ2检验方法对猪＂高热病＂发病情况与可能的影响因子进行相关性分析。结果表明猪场发病与猪场场址、场内布局、设施设备等因子无明显相关性（P〉0.05）;哺乳仔猪群和保育猪群发病率与猪场的环境控制、生物安全、疫苗接种、营养保健呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）;育肥猪群与生物安全和疫苗接种呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）,与环境控制呈显著负相关（0.05     

Expression of secreted and membrane-bound mucins in the airways of piglets experimentally infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate secreted mucins MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC5B and membrane-bound mucin MUC4 in the pulmonary bronchioles of piglets experimentally infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Conventional status, Landrace-Duroc cross-bred piglets, 13 days of age, were randomised to two groups. One group (n=20) was infected by the intra-tracheal route with the SNU98703 strain of M. hyopneumoniae, and a group of 12 animals acted as uninfected controls. Five infected and three uninfected piglets were euthanased on the day of infection and at 7, 21, and 35 days post-inoculation (PI). Membrane-bound MUC4 and secreted MUC5AC were the predominant mucins produced in the bronchioles of the piglets in response to M. hyopneumoniae infection, but by day 35 PI, all labelled mucins had returned to pre-infection levels, contemporaneous with reduced pulmonary lesion scores. The increased mucin production may result from direct stimulation of the epithelium by mycoplasmal infection, or may arise indirectly following M. hyopneumoniae-induced ciliostasis.     

Characteristics of runoff and sediment generation of forest vegetation on a hill slope by use of artificial rainfall apparatus

We studied the impact of forest vegetation on soil erosion,surface runoff, and sediment generation by using field simulated rainfall apparatus. We measured runoff and sediment generation of five 4.5 × 2.1m runoff plots (a bare soil as a control; two Pinus tabulaeformis forestplots and two Platycladus orientalis forest with row spacing of 1 m × 1m and 1.5 m × 1.5 m, respectively) in Beijing Jiu Feng National ForestPark under three rainfall intensities (0.42, 0.83, 1.26 mm per minute).Forest vegetation significantly reduced soil erosion and sediment yield.Mean total runoff volume in the four tree stand plots was 93% of that inthe control plot, demonstrating the limited effectiveness of forest vegetation in runoff control. With increasing rainfall intensity, runoff reductionin forest plots declined from 28.32% to 2.1%. Similar trends in runoff coefficient and the relationship between runoff volume and rainfall duration was observed. Mean total sediment yield and mean sediment yield reduction rate under different treatments was 55.05% and 43.17% of those in the bare soil control plot, respectively. Rainfall intensity playedan important role in runoff and sediment generation processes, and had agreater impact on runoff than on soil erosion and sediment generation.When considering several factors in runoff and sediment transport processes, the P. tabulae form plot with row spacing at 1 × 1 m had a greater effect on soil and water conservation than did other forested plots.     

Monthly variation in litterfall and the amount of nutrients in an Aleurites montana plantation

In this study,the dynamics of monthly variation in litterfall and the amount of nutrients,i.e.,organic C,N,P and K,in an Aleurites montana plantation were analyzed,based on a field study and experiments over one year.The results show that the litterfall mass of A.montana collected generally presents an ascending trend with maximum defoliation occurring in the autumn and winter (October-December),accounting for 75.67% of the total amount of annual litterfall.The sequence in the amount of nutrients in A.montana litter was as follows:organic C > N > K > P;their monthly amounts show various dynamic curves.Similar to the dynamics of the mass of monthly litterfall,the monthly returns of C,N,P and K generally show an ascending trend with their peak values all occurring in December.The mass of A.montana litterfall and the dynamics of its monthly nutrient return provide,to a certain degree,a scientific reference for planting and fertilizing A.montana.     

北方输煤栈桥设计探讨

通过几种结构形式的输煤栈桥的实际应用,进行经济性及适用性的比较。     

影响猪精子介导基因转移效果的因素研究

为优化猪精子载体法技术参数,利用荧光定量PCR、荧光显微镜检测和精液常规检测方法,分析不同DNA转染剂、不同孵育温度和不同形态DNA对猪精子转染外源DNA的影响。结果表明,PEI和TransFast转染剂能极显著提高猪精子转染效果,且PEI优于TransFast,而NanoFect转染剂包裹DNA不能转染精子。随着转染温度的升高,精子的活力和活率均明显下降,而转染率和内化外源DNA量基本保持稳定,而吸附外源DNA量呈下降趋势。环状DNA和线性化DNA在与精子共孵育后,两者的精子活力、活率、转染率和内化外源DNA量差异均不显著,精子吸附线性化DNA量极显著高于环状DNA量。综合分析表明,外源DNA形态对猪精子转染效果无显著影响;PEI和TransFast能够显著提高猪精子转染效果;共孵育温度以17℃为最佳,本结果为开展精子载体法制备转基因猪研究提供了基础试验依据。     

农林间作对核桃幼林生长的影响

对4种不同间作模式的核桃林地进行调查研究。结果发现,不同间作模式对土壤物理性状的影响较小,除土壤总孔隙度外,土壤容重、毛管持水量和毛管孔隙度的差异性不显著;但对林木生长的影响较大,林木地径、树高、枝下高和冠幅的差异达到显著性水平,枝梢数、花芽数和标准枝长度差异达到极显著水平。其中,间作花生和红薯的核桃林Ⅲ最优,其次是间作小麦和花生的核桃林Ⅱ,而间作小麦和玉米的核桃林Ⅳ最差。间作物的高度是影响核桃幼林光照条件的重要因素。     

竹纤维/聚丙烯复合材料的耐老化性能

采用挤出成型制备了竹粉增强聚丙烯复合材料,研究竹粉/聚丙烯复合材料在紫外加速老化与湿热老化后的力学性能变化与尺寸稳定性.结果表明:在紫外线加速老化200 h后,复合材料的弯曲强度与弯曲模量无显著变化,试件宽度与厚度在紫外加速老化前后也无显著改变;但湿热老化对复合材料的弯曲强度与弯曲模量有显著影响,在沸水中浸泡2h后,复...     

凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱分离同时测定饲料中30种有机磷农药残留

文中建立了凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱法同时测定饲料中敌敌畏、乐果等30种有机磷农药残留的方法。饲料样品用乙腈体系提取,采用凝胶色谱柱净化,毛细管色谱柱分离(DB-50+,30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),火焰光度检测器(FPD)检测,外标法定量。其方法检测限为5.6~54μg/kg,三水平添加回收率为71.3%~114.1%,RSD为0.3%~14.8%。方法简便、准确,并能满足饲料中多种有机磷农残测定的需要。     

氨水改性活性炭及其性能的研究

采用氨水对活性炭进行改性,探讨氨水浓度、改性温度和处理时间对活性炭的吸附值、比表面积和表面化学结构的影响.结果表明,氨水改性对活性炭的孔结构产生破坏,不利于孔隙结构的发达,但氨水改性在活性炭表面引入了碱性基团,有利于苯酚吸附值的提高.随着氨水浓度的提高,活性炭的碘吸附值、比表面积、总孔容积和微孔容积不断下降,亚甲基蓝吸附值呈先降后升的趋势,碱性基团的含量和苯酚吸附值不断提高.