黄土丘陵区不同年限柠条林地土壤质量变化

在野外调查和室内分析的基础上,探讨了0、10、22、26和30 a时间序列柠条林地土壤物理、化学及酶活性的动态变化.结果表明柠条林可提高土壤粘粒、粉粒含量,10～26 a土壤容重显著降低;除全磷表现为减少趋势外,随生长年限延长,柠条林地有机质、全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均呈现增加趋势;土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性随柠条生长年限增加呈增加趋势,但各种酶表现最佳状态的时间不同,且蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶对柠条林地土壤变化的敏感性高于脲酶和过氧化氢酶.     

沧临管道泄漏实时监测系统的设计与应用

沧临管道泄漏实时监测定位系统综合吸收了多种先进的检测技术和信号处理方法,采用检测泄漏点瞬态负压波的方式实现管道的泄漏检测和定位.通过介绍沧临管道泄漏实时监测系统的工作原理、系统组成、软件设计和应用实例,表明该系统对各监测数据的实时采集、传输和处理的速度较快,具有较强的数据网络监控功能和较高的管道泄漏检测灵敏度和定位精度,可以有效地保障输油管道的安全运行.     

北京鹫峰地区松栎混交群落结构与物种多样性

利用在北京鹫峰地区设置的8个样方的调查资料,对该地区松栎混交群落结构及物种多样性进行了分析研究。结果表明:群落土壤呈微酸性,自然肥力较低;调查共计维管束植物58种,隶属于36科56属,其中乔木树种占主导地位,植株的最大密度为1 975株/hm2;生活型谱以高位芽植物最多,1年生草本植物比例居中,反映出群落水分条件一般;群落结构分明,乔木层、灌木层和草本层层次清晰;乔木以栓皮栎占绝对优势,其重要值最高,优势度明显;乔木层物种多样性指数不高,群落物种丰富度和多样性指数主要受灌木层和草本层影响,群落处于恢复前期;群落的物种丰富度、物种多样性指数和均匀度指数反映出基本一致的趋势,不同层次的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优秀度指数、种间相遇机率和Pielou均匀度指数的趋势基本上是草本层>灌木层>乔木层。     

干旱胁迫对红掌离体叶片生理指标的影响

用聚乙二醇-6000在室内模拟干旱条件,对红掌离体叶片进行渗透胁迫,结果表明,随着胁迫程度的增强,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量均表现为上升趋势,重度胁迫时,三者含量提高最显著;叶片电导率及丙二醛(MDA)含量均随干旱胁迫强度的增加而增加。红掌在轻度、中度干旱胁迫下表现出一定的适应性,重度干旱胁迫下会受到一定伤害。     

小鼠肝炎病毒RT-PCR检测方法的研究

用4株小鼠肝炎病毒(MHV1,MHV3,A59,JHM)分别感染DBT细胞,收获病毒,提取病毒RNA。根据病毒基因的特异性保守序列设计引物,在最佳务件下进行RT—PCR,建立了RT—PCR检测方法,即两步法和一步法,分别扩增出600bp,375bp的特异性核酸片段,其中,一步法检测MHV更快速、简便。     

Sequence Analysis of mtDNA COIGene and Molecular Phylogeny of Different Geographical Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)

Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) is a serious pest in many cropping systems worldwide and occurs in different biotypes. The mtDNA COI gene of the 12 Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) populations from different regions and countries were analyzed.Based on mtDNA COI sequences, their biotypes were characterized and phylogenetic relationships among these populations were established with the method of UPGMA. The results indicated the genetic similarity between those populations from Beijing, Zhengzhou, Zaozhuang, Nanjing, Shanghai, Haikou, and the B-biotype populations from California, Texas, Arizona reached 99.8-100%, which meant the nation-wide infested populations of B. tabaci in China in recent years were B-biotypes. Another population collected from Kunming of Yunnan Province showed very high similarity with Q-biotype B. tabaci from Spain and Morocco, which meant the Kunming population was Q-biotype. This is the first report on the invasion of Q-biotype into China.     

Prostaglandin E2 receptors,EP2 and EP4, regulate expression of surface molecules and cytokines in B-cells of collagen-induced arthritic mice

AIM: To observe the immunoregulatory effects of prostaglandin E₂ receptor (EP) subtypes EP2/EP4 on the B-cells of collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice. METHODS: DBA/1 mice were immunized with chicken type II collagen emulsified in Freunds complete adjuvant to induce arthritis. B-cells were isolated from the splenocyte suspension by positive selection using anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody immunomagnetic beads. The expression of MHC II, CD 80 and CD86 was examined by flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of EPs, interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-4, IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were detected by real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS: The rank of the mRNA levels of EPs was EP2>EP1>EP3>EP4 in B-cells and EP2/EP4 mRNA expression was obviously increased in CIA mice. EP2 antagonists inhibited the expression of MHC II, CD80 and CD86. EP4 antagonist had little effect on CD80. EP2/EP4 antagonists inhibited the mRNA expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and increased the expression of IL-10 (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Furthermore, the antagonists of EP2 and EP4 also increased the mRNA expression of IL-4 and TGF-β (P<0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: PGE₂ modulate the pathogenesis of CIA via EP2/EP4 by regulating the expression of surface molecules and cytokines in B-cells. EP2/EP4 may be a new therapeutic target for treating rheumatoid arthritis.     

马立克氏病病毒感染鸡羽髓上皮细胞差异蛋白质组学研究

为鉴定鸡羽髓上皮细胞感染马立克氏病病毒(MDV)前后差异表达的蛋白,本研究以MDV强毒GA株人工感染SPF鸡,并通过双向电泳技术进行分析.结果显示:在病毒感染后4 d、7 d、14 d和21 d显著差异表达的蛋白点分别有2个、8个、25个和9个;而通过质谱技术鉴定出29种蛋白质,其中包括能量代谢相关蛋白、增殖和凋亡相关蛋白、细胞骨架蛋白、信号传导蛋白、转录相关蛋白、免疫相关蛋白和其他功能蛋白质.本实验首次对鸡羽髓上皮细胞感染MDV后各时期蛋白表达水平的变化进行研究,鉴定了多种差异表达蛋白质,为进一步揭示MDV与宿主的相互关系、感染性病毒粒子的成熟和致病机制提供了依据.     

L型蜡样芽抱杆菌对草莓防御酶活性变化的影响

以易感白粉病的草莓品种"丰香"为试材,向草莓叶柄注射L型蜡样芽孢杆菌,测定了草莓叶片中SOD、POD、PPO及PAL 4种防御性酶活性的变化及白粉病感染情况。结果表明:注射L型蜡样芽孢杆菌后,4种防御性酶的活性均有不同程度的升高。     

沈阳地区小菜蛾对五种常用杀剂的抗性测定

选用5种常用药剂(阿维菌素、Bt、高效氯氰菊酯、氟虫腈和多杀菌素)对沈阳地区小菜蛾进行了抗性监测.结果表明:沈阳地区小菜蛾品系对5种常用药剂均有不同程度的抗性,对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性水平最高,LC50达到201.683 μg/mL;而对氟虫腈的抗性水平最低,LC50仅为0.139 μg/mL;对Bt、阿维菌素、多杀菌素抗性水平较低,LC50分别为0.327、6.296、0.514μg/mL.