75%二氯吡啶酸可溶粒剂(龙拳)防除冬油菜田杂草试验效果

田间试验结果表明:75%二氯吡啶酸可溶粒剂(龙拳)75g/hm2对油菜田稻槎菜的防效药后30d在90%以上,药后60d对稻槎菜、牛繁缕的株防效、鲜重防效也均在92%以上。75%二氯吡啶酸可溶粒剂(龙拳) 50%草除灵悬浮剂(高特克)混配施用,可提高对牛繁缕等其他阔叶杂草的防除效果,且对油菜生长安全。     

三唑磷在水中残留分析方法的研究

本文以乙酸乙酯加15%NaCl溶液为萃取剂,浓缩后定容,使用气相色谱具FPD检测器,对水样中三唑磷进行残留分析。结果表明,添加浓度在0.001～0.1mg/L范围时,添加回收率102.84%～106.68%,变异系数为0.25%～2.56%,方法的最小检出量为3.5×10-2g,最低检测浓度为0.0001mg/kg。     

草地螟滞育和非滞育幼虫抗寒能力的研究

对草地螟幼虫过冷却点和冰点测定的结果表明,光照、温度、幼虫滞育的深度以及虫体含水量均可以影响草地螟幼虫的抗寒能力。长光照(16 h)条件下发育成的非滞育幼虫过冷却点、冰点均显著低于短光照(10 h)发育而成的滞育幼虫;无论是非滞育幼虫还是滞育幼虫,经低温处理后抗寒能力都会上升。经4℃处理1 d的非滞育幼虫冰点为-2.28℃,而处理25 d的则降低到-4.76℃,过冷却点可从-13.97℃降低到-21.47℃;经4℃处理25、35 d的滞育幼虫,其过冷却点分别为-25.82、-26.79℃,冰点分别为-5.59-、9.13℃。滞育幼虫的过冷却点、冰点与其体重不相关,但与其体内的含水量显著相关。     

大豆锈病研究现状与进展

大豆锈病近年在东南亚、南美洲发展迅速,对大豆生产威胁越来越大,尤其2004年11月登陆美国大陆,更引起大豆研究者、大豆生产国和进口国的极大关注。本文介绍了近年国际上大豆锈病的研究进展,主要包括大豆锈病的发现、地理分布、病原、症状、寄主范围、病原菌生理分化和防治技术研究等。     

无核葡萄离体快繁技术研究

近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,无核葡萄已成为消费的重要趋势和发展方向。但在生产中无核葡萄的主要繁殖方式是扦插,繁殖系数较低,同时生产的苗木常携带病毒,致使无核葡萄质量较差,产量较低,严重阻碍了无核葡萄的种植与推广[1]。通过组织培养进行葡萄离体快繁,已有许多研究报道[2-3],但对无核葡萄品种缺乏系统研究。本研究以目前国内主栽的15个无核葡萄品种为材料,旨在建立无核葡萄离体快繁体系,摸索适合各个无核葡萄品种成苗的适宜培养基,为苗木工厂化生产提供依据。1材料与方法1.1材料试验于2002—2004年在新疆葡萄瓜果开发研究中心及西…     

合生素对肉鸭生产性能及胴体品质的影响

选用1日龄健康樱桃谷肉鸭新生雏144只，按体质量随机分为3组，每组设3个重复，每重复16只。对照组饲喂基础日粮，抗生素组添加5mg／kg黄霉素基础日粮，试验组1和组2在基础日粮中分别添加0．05％和0．10％合生素。结果表明，日粮中添加合生素对肉鸭日增质量、胸肌率和腿肌率有显著影响；对肉鸭的饲料转化率有极显著影响；对肉鸭的成活率、屠宰率和皮脂率无显著影响。与抗生素组相比，具有相似的作用。试验组1的日增质量比对照组提高8．56％，比试验组2提高5．54％，比抗生素组提高4．34％；试验组1的料肉比与对照组降低11．52％，比试验组2降低3．29％，比抗生素组降低3．24％。     

Temperature affects color and quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs

Red color plays a very important role when wax apple fruits are purchased. Temperature is one of the key factors among those influencing red color development. We evaluated the effects of temperature on color formation and other quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs by using constant, slow-increase, fast-increase, transient shifting to high temperature, shifting to high temperature for different length of time and different day/night temperature regimes. The results show temperature has pronounced effects on quality attributes of wax apple fruit discs. Anthocyanin and total soluble solid (TSS) were greatest in the 20 °C treated discs under constant temperatures. In the slow-increase and fast-increase treatments, quality attributes in disc were better in treatments with a final temperature of 25 °C than of 30 °C. The concentration of soluble sugars (SS), starch, total phenolic compounds (TPC), free amino acids (FAA) and soluble protein (SP) all decreased with increasing temperature. Transient shifting to high temperature of 30 °C for 1-day had no effect on pigmentation but treatment periods from 3- to 5-days had a substantial adverse effect. At 30 °C for 5-days, exposed discs had the lightest weight and shortest diameter as well. Both SS and TPC decreased in the 3- and 5-day treatments. When temperature was shifted from 20 to 30 °C for 2 to 11 days, the widest and heaviest discs were found in the 5-day treatment. Anthocyanin and TSS concentration decreased following increased length of exposure to high temperature. Pigmentation of discs exposed to high temperature treatment was worse than in uncultured controls. Both protein and FAA concentrations decreased after culture. Among the 5 different day/night temperature combinations, discs under 25/20 °C had the highest anthocyanin and TSS concentrations, while those under 30/15 °C had the worst.     

绿柳突瓣叶蜂生物学及防治

绿柳突瓣叶蜂(Nematus ruyanus Wei)是发生在甘肃天水柳树上的一种新害虫。严重危害旱柳、垂柳、金丝柳等多种柳树,1年发生6代,非越冬茧结于叶背,越冬茧结于1-5 cm表土中,以预蛹在越冬茧内越冬。幼虫食叶危害,每年3月下旬至10月下旬是该虫的猖獗危害期。用25%灭幼脲,1.8%阿维菌素乳油,40%氧乐果乳油2000倍液防治3龄前幼虫防效达95%以上;用2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油,3%高渗苯氧威乳油4000倍液喷冠防治3龄后大幼虫防效可达90%以上。     

杂交稻对稻瘟病和稻白叶枯病的抗性鉴定

对广东省将推广的54份杂交稻组合对稻瘟病和白叶枯病的抗病性进行了鉴定。对稻瘟病的抗病性鉴定表明:抗病组合共49个,占90.7%;其中,高抗(抗性比≥91%)组合30个,占55.6%。对稻白叶枯病的抗病性鉴定表明:没有高抗(HR)和抗(R)的组合,仅有一个杂交稻组合(西胜2175)表现为中抗(mR),仅占1.9%,其余53个组合都表现感病,占98.1%。进一步分析表明:对稻瘟病表现高抗的30个杂交稻组合都不抗白叶枯病,而中抗白叶枯病的杂交稻组合西胜2175对稻瘟病表现为中抗,抗性比为74%。     

不同培养基对香菇菌丝体酯酶同工酶的影响

本文应用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,对在不同培养基上生长的香菇菌丝体进行酯酶同工酶分析。结果表明,不同培养基会导致香菇菌丝体酯酶同工酶酶谱产生差异。