利用RAPD和同工酶研究中国兜兰属种间亲缘关系

 本文选择14种10个碱基的寡核苷酸引物和7种酶系统, 应用RAPD和同工酶分子标记技术分析中国兜兰属(Paphiopedilum) 种间亲缘关系, 并与陈心启和Cribb的传统分类、Cox等的ITS结果进行比较。研究结果显示, RAPD和同工酶两种手段对种间亲缘关系的划分与传统分类大致吻合, 同工酶比RAPD的结果更接近传统分类。兜兰亚属需进一步分组, 彩云兜兰、卷萼兜兰、紫纹兜兰及其变种云南虎皮应自成一个组。     

几种植物提取物和药剂对桃蚜和萝卜蚜生长发育的影响

研究了苍耳提取物和合果芋(白蝴蝶)提取物以及常用天然药剂机油乳剂和 0. 3 %印楝素乳油对桃蚜和萝卜蚜实验种群的影响,两种提取物和药剂对桃蚜一龄若蚜的影响依次为: 0 3 % 印楝素乳油 (2 000×) >苍耳提取物(DW 0 04g·mL-1 ) >机油乳剂(400 ×) >白蝴蝶提取物(DW 0 04g·mL-1 ),对萝卜蚜一龄若蚜的影响依次为: 0. 3 %印楝素乳油(2 000×) >机油乳剂 ( 400×) >苍耳提取物 (DW 0. 04g·mL-1 ) >白蝴蝶提取物(DW 0. 04g·mL-1 );苍耳提取物对萝卜蚜实验种群有明显干扰控制作用,处理后萝卜蚜下代的种群增长量仅为对照的 24. 9 %;此外,苍耳提取物可延缓桃蚜和萝卜蚜的生长发育进程,使发育历期延长,对桃蚜的作用效果比对萝卜蚜的作用效果强;白蝴蝶提取物对萝卜蚜的实验种群也有一定的干扰作用,并可延长桃蚜的发育历期。     

台湾青枣不同品种花粉萌发和生活力测定

以5个台湾青枣品种盛花期花粉为试材，应用正交试验测定不同品种花粉萌发率及适宜的萌发条件，并用4种不同方法测定花粉生活力。结果表明：（1）不同品种的花粉萌发率存在显著差异，其中大世界的花粉萌发率最高。（2）硼酸浓度、培养温度等因素对花粉萌发率有极显著影响。最适培养基为含琼脂1％、蔗糖15％、硼酸0．02％的组合，适宜温度为30—32℃。（3）花粉生活力的测定中，离体萌发法是最佳选择，I—KI染色法、醋酸洋红染色法和TTC染色法不适宜用作台湾青枣花粉生活力的测定。     

壳寡糖与草莓细胞结合过程的研究

 壳寡糖是一类能有效的诱导植物抗病性的重要激发子。本研究用2 - 氨基吖啶酮(22AMAC)标记壳寡糖, 应用激光共聚焦显微成像技术, 研究了壳寡糖与草莓细胞结合过程。结果表明壳寡糖能通过草莓细胞壁与细胞膜结合, 在细胞壁和细胞膜上有其结合位点, 与壳寡糖的结合具有专一性。     

黑鹳F2的人工孵化及育雏的研究

2001～2004年在齐齐哈尔市龙沙公园对黑鹳F2的5只雏鸟的人工孵化温度和湿度进行记录。并对人工育雏成活的雏鸟的一系列生长指标如：体重、体长、喙长、翅长、跗跖长和尾长等进行测量，探讨黑鹳体长、体重等生长指标生长变化规律。结果表明：黑鹳卵的前中期（1～29d）孵化温度为37．7℃，湿度为55％，后期（29～31d）出雏温度为37℃，相对湿度65％；育雏箱的温度前7d为37℃，以后以每天0．5℃幅度逐渐降低，箱内湿度保持在55％，20日龄后可在室温下饲养；黑鹳F2雏鸟各生长指标的增长呈Logistic曲线。     

苏南丘陵区秋播苜蓿适用伴生作物筛选试验

为解决苏南丘陵区苜蓿苗期的杂草问题,从保护播种入手,在多年生黑麦草、一年生黑麦草、黑麦、小黑麦四种作物共五个品种中寻找适宜的伴生作物.通过对产量、株高、杂草率等多个指标测定分析,筛选出中新830小黑麦、赣选一号黑麦草适于用作苜蓿播种的伴生作物,同时获得两个苜蓿存活率最高的处理：苜蓿（15kg/hm^2）＋中新830小黑麦（150kg/hm^2）撒播及苜蓿（18 kg/hm^2）＋中新830小黑麦（250kg/hm^2）30cm条播.试验还表明撒播方式下,苜蓿播量与其竞争力不成正比。     

阜康绿洲土壤盐渍化特征及其与肥力的相关性分析

本文以电导、可溶性总盐含量和pH作为指标,将阜康绿洲的盐渍化类型划分为9种,其中以强盐渍土和盐土为主,在纬度梯度上从南至北,即从洪积扇下部到沙漠按照中盐渍土-强盐渍土-盐土-强盐渍土-盐土-非盐渍土的顺序依次分布。而土壤含水率却是从洪积下部至扇缘溢出带逐渐升高,在细土平原地区差异较大,在沙漠中又迅速降低。通过土壤剖面中有机质、全量N、P、K和速效N、P、K的分析,结果表明阜康荒漠自然状态下土壤肥力很低,各养分含量在空间上呈现规律性的变化,在纬度梯度上逐渐升高又在沙漠中降低。通过水盐与土壤肥力的相关性分析,结果表明:有机质、全N、P和速P与含水率、电导、总盐均具有显著和极显著正相关,而与pH成负相关,但相关性不显著。由于盐生植物的多样性,在盐渍土和盐土土壤肥力并无显著降低,只是土壤溶液的高盐浓度限制了植物对养分的吸收,因此防止和治理土壤盐渍化是发挥土地生产潜力的重要手段。     

Changes of urinary albumin and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in high altitude polycythemia at different altitudes and its mechanism

AIM:To study the changes of excretive amount of albumin(ALB), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) in patients with high altitude polycythemia(HAPC) at different altitude and its mechanism.METHODS:Urinary ALB, NAG, activity of red blood cell superoxide dismutase(RBC-SOD), malonyldialdehyde(MDA) and erythrocyte filtration index(EFI) of 231 healthy subjects and 86 patients with HAPC at different altitude were detected.RESULTS:Excretive amount of urinary ALB, NAG, and plasma MDA, EFI were higher, and RBC-SOD was lower in patients with HAPC than those in healthy subjects, the changes were significantly obvious, with increasing altitude. Urinary ALB and NAG were negatively correlates to EFI, and no correlated to the content of MDA and RBC-SOD.CONCLUSIONS:EFI exertes an independent influence on urinary ALB and NAG. The decrease in erythrocyte deformability caused by the increase of peroxidation of lipids might participate in the pathogenesis and progress of the increase of excretive amount of ALB and NAG in HAPC.     

Selection and amplification of the liver stem cell subset from rat bone marrow cells with a medium containing cholestatic serum in vitro

AIM: To explore the feasibility of direct separat and selective enlargement of the bone marrow-derived liver stem cells (BDLSC) from bone marrow cells with a culture system containing cholestatic serum in vitro. METHODS: Bone marrow cells of rats were cultured with selective media containing 2%, 5%, 7% and 10% cholestatic rat serum, respectively. The BDLSC were then induced to proliferate with the addition of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on the firth day. BDLSC were characterized using immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR for lineage markers, glycogen staining and urea synthetic assay for functions 2 weeks later. RESULTS: Bone marrow cells were unble to form colony in the presence of 2% cholestatic serum and apopotosis appeared gradually in 7% or 10% cholestatic serum. The BDLSC survived in the medium containing 5% cholestatic serum while the other types of cells did not. The survival cells proliferated with a high speed during the second week and then formed hepatocyte-like colony-forming units (H-CFU). Cells in the H-CFU expressed the characteristic proteins of fetal hepatocytes. Furthermore, they had glycogen storage and urea synthesis functions, two of the critical features of hepatocytes. CONCLUSION: The selective micro-environment effectively selected BDLSC from the bone marrow cell, and will be a new way to provide an abundant source of donor hepatocytes for clinical cell therapy.     

Effect of mutant β-catenin gene on the proliferation of hepatocytes

AIM:The β-catenin is a key molecule in the Wnt signal pathway, which plays a critical role in normal development and tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms of the β-catenin on the cell growth control are still not completely defined. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the mutant β-catenin may regulate the hepatocyte proliferation. METHODS: The immortalized murine hepatocyte cell line, AML12, was used for this study. A plasmid that contain mutant β-catenin S33Y was transfected into the AML12 cells and a stable cell line AML12S33Y was established. The cell growth property of this cell line and the parental cell were compared by flow cytometry analysis and direct cell count. The cells were also tested for the ability to form soft agar colonies, and the ability to form tumors in the severe immune deficient mice (SCID). RESULTS:1. The mutant β-catenin containing cell line AML12S33Y has higher proliferating index compared with the parental AML12 cells (P<0.01), suggesting that mutant β-catenin promotes cell growth. 2. The mutant β-catenin cells formed small colonies in soft agar after 4 weeks of culture, but did not generate tumor in SCID mice. CONCLUSION:The mutant β-catenin promotes liver cell growth.