基于GWAS后分析策略研究TRAPPC9基因对奶牛产奶性状的遗传效应

本研究基于课题组前期对北京地区中国荷斯坦牛群体产奶性状全基因组关联分析结果,在新的中国荷斯坦牛群中将转运蛋白颗粒复合体9(TRAPPC9)基因作为产奶性状的候选基因进行遗传效应验证。研究利用混池测序寻找SNPs位点,结合前期GWAS结果筛选到的SNPs位点,进而分析这些多态性位点与中国荷斯坦牛产奶性状的相关性。结果发现,SNP1、SNP2位点对乳蛋白率和乳糖率效应均显著(P0.05);SNP3位点对乳脂率和乳蛋白率的效应均极显著(P0.01);SNP4位点对乳脂率有极显著影响(P0.01);SNP5位点对乳脂率和乳糖率的效应显著(P0.05)。同时发现TRAPPC9基因的表达量对产奶性状也有显著影响(P0.05),而TRAPPC9基因启动子区DNA甲基化对产奶性状无直接显著影响。该结果进一步表明,TRAPPC9基因可以考虑作为分子遗传标记应用于中国荷斯坦牛产奶性状的标记辅助选择。     

彩叶矾根幼苗形态生理特性变化及耐阴性综合评价

以"巧克力纱""银色卷轴""教堂窗户""李子布丁""拼图""红宝石""海浪""紫晶""侃侃""红卷毛""天鹅绒""黑暗之星"12个不同矾根品种为试材,采用形态生长指标和生理生化指标测定及方差和隶属函数值的分析方法,研究了弱光环境对不同彩叶矾根品种在贵州耐阴能力强弱的影响,以期为矾根在西南地区园林景观布置提供依据。结果表明:在弱光环境下,"李子布丁""海浪"的幼苗生长前期表现出较强的耐阴特性;这些矾根品种耐阴能力大小依次为"天鹅绒""教堂窗户""李子布丁""银色卷轴""拼图""海浪""巧克力纱""红宝石""紫晶""侃侃""红卷毛""黑暗之星"。     

早熟禾新品种农菁15的选育

为选育高产优质饲用和坪用草品种,将早熟禾优异风干种子经50Gy60 Co-γ射线辐射处理后,通过田间系统选择,结合生物产量、返青率、营养品质、抗病性及坪用性能等指标的检测,选育出农菁15早熟禾;该品种抗寒、耐盐碱、抗病性强、适应性广、饲用价值较高;与对照优异相比,具有青绿期长、草产量高、种子产量高等优点;在黑龙江高寒地区平均干草产量达3 832.6kg·hm-2,成熟期平均种子产量达510.2kg·hm-2;适宜在黑龙江全省推广种植。     

合作社模式下农企利益联结机制研究——基于印度古吉拉特邦合作社牛奶销售联盟有限公司的案例分析

我国奶牛养殖加工利益联结不紧,从根本上制约着奶业健康发展。为充分借鉴国际大型奶业企业构建利益联结机制的经验,该研究基于世界奶业20强企业之一——古吉拉特邦合作社牛奶销售联盟有限公司（Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd.,GCMMF）及其下属合作社官方网站资料信息,分析其在产品研发、产品营销、品牌策略等方面的利益创造机制及利用Amul合作模式构建利益分配机制方面的成果,提出我国应借鉴其发展经验,立足国内市场稳定奶业发展,强化中小奶农在行业的地位,发展干乳制品产业以完善产业链条。     

城市住宅地价变化影响因素的通径分析——以石家庄为例

定量测度各影响因素对城市住宅地价的直接和间接效应对城市住宅地价的合理发展和城市土地利用与开发的宏观调控具有重要意义。论文在剖析城市地价变化影响因素的基础上,运用通径分析方法,对各影响因素与城市住宅地价之间的关系进行定量厘定,挖掘两者之间的内在联系。结果表明:1)住宅地价的变化受到经济发展水平的综合影响效应在所有影响因素中最大。经济发展水平的间接通径系数最大,表明经济发展水平主要是通过作用其他各方面因素来影响住宅地价的发展。2)从直接效应看,房地产市场状况、基础设施状况和经济发展水平对住宅地价的直接影响效应较大,从间接效应看,经济发展水平和环境质量变化对住宅地价的间接影响效应较大。3)城市规模与潜力直接通径系数和间接通径系数在各个影响因素中均最小,对住宅地价的影响较弱。     

Influence of salinity and moisture on the threshold shear velocity of saline sand in the Qarhan Desert,Qaidam Basin of China: A wind tunnel experiment

Determination of the threshold shear velocity is essential for predicting sand transport, dust release and desertification. In this study, a wind tunnel experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of salinity and moisture on the threshold shear velocity of saline sand. Saline sand samples (mean particle size of 164.50-186.08 μm and the total silt, clay and salt content of 0.80%-8.25%) were collected from three saline sand dunes (one barchan dune and two linear dunes) in the Qarhan Desert, Qaidam Basin of China. Original saline sand samples were placed in two experimental trays for wet and dry processing to simulate deliquescence and desiccation, respectively. Surface moisture content ranging from 0.30% to 1.90% was generated by the steam method so that the saline sand can absorb water in a saturated water vapor environment. The motion of sand particles was determined by the observers with a solid laser. The laser sheet (0.80 cm thick), which was emitted by the solid laser, horizontally covered the sand surface and was bound to the sand. Results show that the cohesion of saline sand results from a combination of salt and water. The threshold shear velocity increases exponentially with the increase in crust thickness for the linear sand dunes. There is a positive linear correlation between the original moisture content and relative threshold shear velocity. The threshold shear velocity of dewatered sand is greater than that of wet sand with the same original moisture content. Our results will provide valuable information about the sand transport of highly saline soil in the desert.     

甜樱桃不同砧穗组合成花调控关键基因表达差异研究

为了研究甜樱桃(Prunus avium)成花调控关键基因在不同砧穗组合中表达差异,以甜樱桃‘艳阳’(Sunburst)为接穗,‘ZY-1’(P.cerasus)、马哈利(P.mahaleb)和‘兰丁2号’(P.avium × P.pseudocerasus)为砧木的嫁接组合为试材,调查统计4年干龄不同砧穗组合的总花芽量及开花情况;克隆甜樱桃成花调控网络中EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3)、CONSTANS(CO)、FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)等9个关键作用基因,并利用实时荧光定量PCR对不同砧穗组合接穗的幼叶、叶芽、成龄叶、花芽、叶芽附近叶片叶柄及花芽附近叶片叶柄中这些基因的表达量鉴定。结果显示,艳阳/ZY-1、艳阳/马哈利和艳阳/兰丁2号组合的平均单株花芽量分别为279、288和317朵,不存在明显差异,但不同组合的花期却明显不同,当艳阳/马哈利有72%花芽处于开放期时,艳阳/兰丁2号的花开放比例只有7%,艳阳/ZY-1的花开放比例为49%;此外,PaELF3、PaCO、PaFT等9个成花关键基因,在同一时期不同砧穗组合的接穗组织中表达量存在差异,其中PaAP1在不同砧穗组合的花芽中表达模式与花期规律一致,表明PaAP1与樱桃花期调控密切相关。     

Establishment and Optimization of INH Epitope Peptide Vaccine for Detection of Antibody

In this study, an indirect ELISA method was established to detect inhibin hormone (INH) epitope peptide vaccine antibody, it would provide oretical reference for the determination of Fine-wool sheep after active immune body INH epitope peptide vaccine antibody. On the basis of the predecessors, using indirect ELISA method to determinate serum INH epitope peptide antibody levels of sheep, and through control different experimental conditions to look for the best experimental conditions. Through explorating the experimental conditions, finally, the testing experiment conditions were determined, which was blocked solution with skimmed milk powder, INH and GnIH synthetic peptides dilution degrees for 20 000 times, the optimum reaction time was 60 min, the best color action time was 15 min. In this experiment, a kind of method to detection antibody in the body after INH active immune sheep was built, it would provide a reference for future research.     

优质高产棉花新品种鲁棉1157的选育及栽培技术

介绍了鲁棉1157 的选育过程、农艺特征特性、产量、品质、抗性及栽培技术要点。