我国生猪价值链各环节生物安全水平调查

为分析我国生猪养殖、流通和屠宰等环节的生物安全水平,提升非洲猪瘟防控工作的针对性、科学性,采用问卷调查和现场调查相结合的方式,对湖南、河南、重庆、辽宁、安徽等5个省(直辖市)15个县(市、区)的196个生猪养殖场(户)、69个生猪经纪人和19个屠宰场进行调查。结果显示:截至2019年9月,调查县(市、区)养猪场(户)数较2017年减少了50%～80%;生猪饲养模式以自繁自养为主,小规模场生物安全措施实施率较低;生猪经纪人行为复杂,如经纪对象多样、活动范围广、兼营其他相关业务、同批次收购不同养殖场(户)生猪等,仍有47.8%的经纪人称还会进圈挑选猪;73.7%的屠宰场运猪车辆没有有效执行离场清洗消毒措施。结果表明,我国生猪价值链各环节的生物安全水平仍有较大上升空间。提议继续推进规范化养殖场建设,加强生猪经纪人管理,加强生猪运输车辆的清洗消毒,促进生猪产业一体化发展。     

嘉鱼县农作物病虫害专业化统防统治的现状及对策

通过对嘉鱼县农作物病虫害专业化统防统治的现状分析,提出现阶段存在装备条件较弱、服务能力不足、认可程度不高、总体实力不强、经营格局不对称、突破瓶颈较难等诸多问题,并对今后的发展提出了相应的对策与建议。     

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fructooligosaccharides on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices of Arctic Foxes (Alopex lagopus) during Early Growth Period北大核心CSCD

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical indices of Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) during early growth period. Sixty male post-litter Arctic foxes with the average body weight of (1.16±0.15) kg and at the age of (45±3) days were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 5 foxes per replicate. The foxes were fed the following diets, respectively: basal diet (control group), basal diet+3×109 CFU / kg LAB (LAB group), basal diet+5 g / kg FOS (FOS group) and basal diet+3×109 CFU / kg LAB+5 g / kg FOS (LAB+FOS group). The experiment lasted for 30 days. The results showed as follows: 1) on the days 1 to 15, the diarrhea rate of foxes in the LAB group and LAB+FOS group was significantly lower than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05). On the days 16 to 30, the average daily gain of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly higher than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB group (P>0.05); the diarrhea rate of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly lower than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB group (P>0.05); compared with the FOS group, the feed to gain ratio of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) The dry matter digestibility of foxes in the LAB + FOS group was significantly higher than that in the control group and FOS group (P < 0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in nitrogen intake, fecal nitrogen, urine nitrogen, nitrogen deposition, net protein utilization and protein biological value among all groups (P>0.05). 3) Serum total protein (TP) content of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly higher than that in the FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with control group and LAB group (P>0.05). Serum albumin (ALB) content of foxes in the LAB group was significantly higher than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB+ FOS group (P>0.05). Serum urea nitrogen (UN) content of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0. 05). In conclusion, the combined supplementation of 3 × 109 CFU / kg LAB and 5 g / kg FOS in the diet is beneficial to reduce diarrhea rate, improve dry matter digestibility, improve body immune level, and promote the growth of Arctic foxes during early growth period. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Urology. All rights reserved.     

寒冷地区日光温室茄子高产栽培技术

一、嫁接前应注意的问题 1．床土消毒 选用前茬非茄科种植土壤，最好是种植大田作物土壤，大田土与优质有机肥按比例6：4配好床土，用50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂15～20g和50％辛硫磷乳油150mL，兑水15～20kg喷洒苗床，拌匀后建堆，外盖一层旧棚膜，消毒处理15d后，建苗床并装营养钵。     

浅谈室内设计中低碳理念的应用

21世纪是一个新时代,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,人们逐渐开始重视低碳环保。在全球开始倡导低碳生活的背景下,作为与民生相关的室内设计行业,也逐渐刮起一股"低碳"风。通过考察和研究出低能耗、低污染、低排放为基础的新技术、新工艺、新材料等,并成功将"低碳"理念融入住宅室内设计中将具有非常巨大的意义。     

变风量空调系统控制优化方法研究

提出了“总风量-阀位控制法”和“最大负荷率-最小风量法”分别优化变风量空调系统送风静压和送风温度，并应用到一座实际建筑的变风量空调系统中.建立了变风量空调风系统模型，利用TRNSYS对大楼典型层风系统进行模拟，用实测数据验证模型正确性，模拟分析了典型日变风量系统优化前后的风机能耗.模拟结果表明，与定静压定送风温度的原控制方法相比，优化控制能节约风机能耗，在部分负荷下效果尤为明显，冬季和过渡季试验日的节能率分别为19.38%和15.58%.对2种控制方法下的全年能耗和室内热舒适性进行了试验对比测试，结果表明，全年的节能率为7.16%，而且室内热舒适性得到显著提高.     

浅谈基层动物检疫工作中存在的问题及建议

分析了基层动物检疫工作中存在的问题,针对这些问题提出了一些完善对策,提高基层动物检疫工作质量。     

生物电阻抗测量在畜禽体成分活体检测中的应用研究进展

培育屠宰性能好、体脂含量低的畜禽新品种是畜牧产业降本增效的重要方向,但始终缺乏对畜禽体成分进行精准活体测定的技术手段。生物电阻抗测量是利用生物组织与器官的电特性及其变化规律来提取生物体信息的检测技术,具有无创伤、测量快速、相对测量成本低、使用安全、操作简便、获得结果可重复性高和反映信息丰富,可获得不同组织的不同电信号及对应的表型信息等优点,在畜禽体成分活体检测领域具有重要的应用价值。本文综述了生物电阻抗在畜禽胴体分析、体成分活体检测方面的应用情况和研究进展,总结了生物电阻抗技术应用在智能畜牧生产上待解决的技术难点和发展前景,以期进一步推进该技术在畜牧领域的发展。     

栽培玫瑰可致富

玫瑰为蔷薇科灌木花卉植物，喜光、耐旱，适于在有机质含量丰富、排水良好、保水保肥力强、pH值为６．５～７．５的土壤中生长。玫瑰花有着极高的药用价值，具有理气活血、调理肝胃、治疗跌打损伤等功效。玫瑰花还可烹制出高档菜肴和糕点。其味美香醇，是大型高档饭店鲜花菜的主要原料之一。从花中提取的玫瑰油作为香料与香精，是生产化妆品的必备原料。用其花蕾制成的玫瑰茶，具有美容养颜的功能。此外，玫瑰花可酿制成玫瑰酱、玫瑰酒等食品。因此，栽培玫瑰是城乡致富的门路之一。玫瑰花蕾全年可采收２次～３次，在采收季节应每隔１d采摘…