奶牛乳汁孕酮免疫检测方法研究进展

有关乳汁孕酮的放射免疫检测技术和酶联免疫检测技术,近几十年来不断有报道,并逐渐成熟.但是测试费用、技术人员培养及方法本身的弊端等因素,使得这些项技术的普及受到了限制.这就要求从业人员不断创新,开发更有市场价值、老百姓更易接受的测试方法.胶体金试纸条在医学上应用广泛,已经呈现出了它应用于动物医学中,在激素测定方面乐观的应用前景.     

水产动物精氨酸需求的研究进展

精氨酸是水产动物必需氨基酸之一,在水产饲料中添加适量的精氨酸,可以提高饲料蛋白质的营养价值,促进水产健康养殖的发展。本文就近年来国内外关于水产动物对精氨酸需求的研究进展作一综述。     

氮素水平与光强互作对‘蓝伞’玉簪生长和光合特性的影响

 以蓝灰类型玉簪‘蓝伞’（Hosta 'Blue Umbrella'）为材料，研究了4种光强（自然光照的100%、50%、30%、10%）和4种氮素水平（盆栽土施尿素量0、0.5、1.5和2.5 g·kg^-1）处理对玉簪生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明：‘蓝伞’玉簪的生长和光合特性受光强、氮素水平以及光氮互作的影响。在同一氮素水平下，随着光照强度的减弱，玉簪的生物量、叶面积、叶片数、光合速率及可溶性蛋白含量均表现先上升后下降的趋势，在30%～50%光强下达到最大值；叶绿素含量则随光强的减弱而增加。在同一光照强度下，随着氮素水平的升高，玉簪的生物量、叶面积、叶片数、光合速率及叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势，在0.5 g·kg^-1氮素水平下达到最大值。     

遮光对青榨械光合速率及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

研究了遮光15％、35％、50％和全光照处理对青榨槭新梢生长、叶片色素含量、净光合速率以及叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明，随着遮光度增加，叶片色素含量增加，叶绿素a／b减小；叶片净光合速率（Pn）、初始荧光（Fo）、原初光能转化效率（Fv／Fm）和光化学猝灭系数（qP）增加，但非光化学猝灭系数（qN）降低。全光照和遮光15％处理条件下，Pn日变化呈双峰曲线，而35％和50％处理条件下呈单峰曲线；遮光35％和50％处理条件下Fv／Fm日变化幅度较小，15％和全光照处理条件下Fv／Fm日变化呈先上升后下降再上升趋势。50％遮光处理青榨槭幼苗Pn最高，新梢年生长量最大，可在育苗生产中应用。     

The anticancer activity of genistein on implanted tumor of human primary gastric carcinoma cells in nude mice

AIM: To investigate the apoptosis of implanted tumor of primary human gastric cancer cells in nude mice induced by genistein and the relation between this apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 and bax.METHODS: Establishing a transplanted tumor model by injecting human primary gastric cancer cells into subcutaneous tissue of nude mice.The different doses of genistein (0.5mg/kg,1mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg ) were directly injected beside tumor body respectively,for six times at an interval of two days.Then changes of tumor volume were measured continuously and tumor inhibition rate of each group was calculated.We observed the morphologic alteration by electron microscope,measured the apoptotic rate by TUNEL staining method,detected the expression of apoptosis-regulated gene bcl-2 and bax by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR.RESULTS: Genistein could significantly inhibit carcinoma growth when it was injected near the carcinoma.Genistein induced implanted tumors cells to undergo apoptosis with apoptotic characteristics by transmission electron microscope.The apoptosis index of above three groups was increased progressively.Positive rate of Bcl-2 protein of above three groups was decreased progressively and positive rate of Bax protein of above three groups was increased progressively by immunohistochemical staining.The density of bcl-2 mRNA decreased progressively and the density of bax mRNA increased progressively with elongation of time by RT-PCR.CONCLUSION: Genistein is able to induce the apoptosis of transplanted tumor cells.This apoptosis may be mediated by down-regulating bcl-2 and up-regulating bax mRNA and its protein.     

Effects of PDS on rat brain cortical nuclear factor kappa B in LPS shock

AIM:To explore the molecular mechanism of brain tissue injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS),the effects of panaxadiol (PDS) on the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in cerebral cortex of rat with LPS shock were studied. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into LPS roup,LPS+dexamethasone group,LPS+PDS group and control group. The DNA binding activity and protein expression of NF-κB were observed. These indices were assayed at 1 h and 4 h after intravenous injection of LPS (4 mg·kg^-1). RESULTS:EMSA showed that PDS inhibited NF-κB DNA-binding activity in nuclear extracts at both 1 h and 4 h after LPS injection,compared with the LPS group (P<0.01). Western blotting showed that PDS down-regulated the expression of p65 and p50 protein in the nuclear extracts compared with the LPS group. However,the expression of p65 and p50 protein from cytosolic extracts did not show any significant change. CONCLUSION:PDS may alleviate brain injury by inhibiting NF-κB activation.     

Characteristics of ventricular electrophysiology in a right ventricular rapid pacing-induced canine heart failure model

AIM: To research the characteristics of ventricular electrophysiology in right ventricular rapid pacing-induced congestive heart failure (CHF) dogs.METHODS: Dogs (n=16) were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control (n=7) and the CHF group (n=9) induced by rapid right ventricular pacing at 240 pulse·min-1 for 4 to 5 weeks.The electrophysiologic parameters were evaluated by the technique of standard electric stimulation and monophasic action potential (MAP) recording.RESULTS: (1) Ventricular effective refractory period (VERP),ventricular MAP duration (MAPD90),ventricular late repolarization duration (VLRD) and intra-ventricular conduction time (IVCT) were prolonged by 26% (P<0.01),43% (P<0.01),318% (P<0.05),and 19% (P<0.01),respectively in CHF group.(2)The ratio of VERP to MAPD₉₀ (VERP/MAPD₉₀) was decreased by 13% (P<0.05) in CHF group.(3) The dispersion of ventricular recovery time (VRT-D) was increased by 185% (P<0.01) in CHF group.(4) The ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) was decreased by 48% (P<0.01) in CHF group.CONCLUSION: The abnormal electrophysiological changes in the CHF condition may be contributing factors of lethal ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac deaths in CHF.     

Effect of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization on nephroblastoma

AIM: To explore the effect and mechanism of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization on nephroblastoma.METHODS: Comparative analysis of clinical and pathological features in 39 children with Wilms’ tumor was conducted.TUNEL assay was used to detect the apoptosis of tumor in two groups with or without preoperative interventional treatment.The expressions of P53,Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were detected by immunochemical methods.The patients were followed-up for more than 2 years.RESULTS: The extent of neoplastic cell necrosis and degeneration,interstital fiber tissue hyperplasia of tumor and the number of infiltrating lymphocytes were observed,which were higher in interventional group than those in simple excision group (P<0.01).The median of mitotic index in tumor cells was 0.2 in interventional group,and 1.4 in simple excision group.The median of apoptotic index (AI) of the tumor cells was 25.9 in study group and 12.8 in control group (Uc=54.50,P<0.01),(Uc=117.00,P<0.05).The comparison between the means obtained in two groups revealed statistical difference (P<0.05).The expressions of P53 and Bcl-2 proteins were not correlated with apoptotic index,but the rate of expression of Bax protein (80.0%) in interventional group was higher than that (40.0%) in simple excision group.The two year event-free rate was 73.3％ (11/15) in study group and 42.9％ (6/14) in control group.CONCLUSION: Transarterial chemoembolization on nephroblastoma is effectively used to kill and inhibit tumor cell growth,as well as induce tumor cell apoptosis by Bax protein.