用水稻微卫星引物进行竹子分子系统学研究初探

竹子和水稻在进化上有较近的亲缘关系 ,本文利用水稻的微卫星引物对竹子的分子系统学进行了初步研究。与传统的分类结果不同 ,研究发现巴山木竹属是与青篱竹属相关属分化较大的 1个竹种 ,同时也证实了巴山木竹属作为 1个单独的属是成立的。研究也明确了茶秆竹的分类学位置。本研究从 1个不同的层面对青篱竹属相关属及属下一些竹种的关系提供了 1个新的研究结果 ,为利用现代分子生物学技术对广义青篱竹属的系统学研究提供了 1个借鉴。同时本研究对开展竹子的分子生物学研究提供了 1个崭新的思路和方法     

基于行为观察法的游客游憩行为与环境偏好研究 ——以三明市如意湖湿地公园为例

以三明市如意湖湿地公园为研究对象,采用游憩行为观察法、核密度估算法、问卷调查法,分析游客的游憩行为与环境偏好及其影响因素,探究游客在三明市如意湖湿地公园中游憩的时空分布规律.结果表明:老年游客偏好在林下空间及主要景观节点处,以舒缓的游憩方式进行游憩;中青年游客的游憩目的以游览观光为主,偏好在滨水空间及景观视线良好处进行...     

Design, synthesis, and quantitative structure-activity relationship study of herbicidal analogues of pyrazolo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazin-4(3H)ones

A series of pyrazolo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazin-4(3H)one derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their herbicidal activities where some of these compounds provided >80% control of Brassica campestris at 10 microg/mL. Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies were performed on these compounds using physicochemical parameters (electronic, Verloop, or hydrophobic) as independent parameters and herbicidal activity as a dependent parameter, where herbicidal activity correlated best (r > 0.8) with physicochemical parameters in this set of molecules. The herbicidal activity against B. campestris was mainly affected by the molar refractivity (MR) for R1, Taft (Eso) for R2 or R6, Verloop (Lm) for R3 or R5, and electronic parameters (Hammett's constants) for R4. The optimal MR for herbicidal activity is 0.95. The herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli was mainly related with the substituents' hydrophobic parameter. The optimal pi parameters for R1 and R4 for herbicidal activity are 0.72 and 0.68, respectively. In general, these compounds showed greater herbicidal activity toward B. campestris than E. crus-galli.     

花绒寄甲防治松褐天牛田间试验研究 ——以湖北崇阳为例

花绒寄甲是寄生天牛的重要林木天敌昆虫,为了解花绒寄甲在林间的寄生防治效果,通过林间释放花绒寄甲（成虫、卵卡）来寄生松褐天牛,根据松褐天牛被寄生率和虫口减退率,研究花绒寄甲对松褐天牛的防治效果。结果显示,2019年校正虫口减退率平均值为46.20%,寄生率高于50%的占66.7%;2020年防治效果为 33.18%,寄生率为 34.91%,由此可见,释放花绒寄甲对松林松褐天牛防治效果较明显,寄生情况良好,治理区域内松褐天牛数量有所减少,对松褐天牛危害区具有较好的种群抑制效果。     

Ectomycorrhizal symbioses increase soil calcium availability and water use efficiency of Quercus acutissima seedlings under drought stress

European Journal of Forest Research - Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) can enhance drought resistance of host plants by increasing nutrient and water absorption. Calcium (Ca) plays a central role in...     

竹类植物在黄河三角洲盐碱地生态修复中的应用进展

黄河三角洲地区受地势低平、海水易内侵、蒸发量大于降雨量等因素影响,形成了大量盐碱地,对该地区盐碱地进行生态修复具有重要的生态安全意义。文章综述了黄河三角洲盐碱地成因、盐分主要构成、盐胁迫对植物尤其竹类植物的影响,以及竹类植物在滨海盐碱地应用种植情况,认为竹类植物具有很好的观赏性和生态及经济价值,在滨海盐碱地有种植先例和研究报告,种植技术成熟,可以通过筛选、引种、驯化耐盐碱竹类植物,在黄河三角洲盐碱地生态修复中应用。     

The effect of understory removal on microclimate and soil properties in two subtropical lumber plantations

Understory vegetation is an important component in forest ecosystems. However, the effects of understory on soil properties in subtropical forests are not fully understood. We thus conducted an experimental manipulative study in two young fast-growing plantations—Eucalyptus urophylla and Acacia crassicarpa—in southern China, by removing understory vegetation in both plantations, to estimate the effects of understory vegetation on microclimate, soil properties and N mineralization. Our data showed that, after 6 months, understory removal (UR) in both plantations had greatly increased soil surface luminous intensity (90–500 cd) and temperature (0.5–0.8 °C); soil moisture was reduced in the Eucalyptus plantation but not in the Acacia plantation. Understory removal also reduced soil organic matter (SOM), but had little impact on other soil chemical properties, including total phosphorus, C/N, pH, exchangeable cations (K, Ca, Mg), available P, ande extractable NH₄–N and NO₃–N. We found a significant decline of soil N mineralization and nitrification rates in the 0–5 cm soils of UR in both plantations. The decline of SOM in UR may contribute to the lower N transformations rates. This study indicates that a better understanding of understory vegetation effects on soil N cycling would be beneficial to forest management decisions and could provide a critical foundation for advancing management practices.     

基于RFID与ZigBee的羊场养殖信息管理系统

为了选育性状优良的羊进入核心种群,将RFID射频识别、ZigBee无线通信与ARM嵌入式技术相结合,研制了一套羊场养殖信息管理手持终端。手持终端包括基于S3C6410处理器的ARM核心板、125 kHz RFID阅读器、基于CC2530芯片的ZigBee无线通信模块以及多功能底板。软件开发过程中,构建了包含设备驱动的Linux系统环境,利用Qt/Embedded的信号/槽机制实时接收RFID数据,基于OSAL操作系统的ZigBee2007协议栈实现ARM与ZigBee网络之间的通信,在Qt中设计触摸屏图形界面以及串口通信、通信指令、软键盘、蜂鸣器、中文显示等后台程序,具有日常管理、育种管理及疫病管理等模块功能。现场测试结果表明,手持终端能够实时采集、录入、存储、拷贝、查询养殖信息并通过ZigBee无线网络与上位机通信,可满足羊场信息化管理的需要。     

福建省牡蛎食用中感染副溶血性弧菌的风险评估

目前,世界上由食源性微生物引发的疾病日益严重,联合国粮农组织认为,非常有必要把对水产品中食源性微生物引发的疾病的风险评估,介绍给世界各国,尤其是一些发展中国家,本文通过运用微生物风险评估的方法,对福建省生牡蛎食用中感染副溶血性弧菌进行了风险评估。副溶血性弧菌是革兰氏阴性细菌,与胃肠炎病有关,它主要在近     

鼠尾藻的生物学特性及筏式养殖技术研究

报道了鼠尾藻的生物学特性及人工筏式养殖技术。经106天的筏式养殖，藻体平均长度从5.5cm长到79.1cm；每绳重量从860g长到3500g，而对照组只长到1750g。试验组每667m^2产值约6000元。