福尔马林对鳜鱼苗种车轮虫、斜管虫病的防治研究

福尔马林对车轮虫、斜管虫有极强的杀灭能力,对鳜鱼苗种的安全浓度为2.04ppm.在网箱、孵化缸中的泼洒浓度为150～200ppm,池塘中为20ppm.试验结果表明:福尔马林对鳜鱼苗种车轮虫、斜管虫病的治疗效果好于硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁合剂及硫酸铜。     

中草药与苯扎溴铵联用治疗车轮虫病的案例分析

车轮虫病是鱼类重要的常见纤毛虫病。近年来,对传统化学药物耐药的车轮虫和小车轮虫越来越多。本文介绍了复方中草药联合苯扎溴铵治疗河鲀、黄颡鱼和草鱼车轮虫病的典型案例,以期为类似病例治疗提供参考。     

车轮虫丰度与水环境因子相关性研究

为了解车轮虫(Trichodina spp.)丰度与水环境因子之间的相关性,对养殖水体黄颡鱼腮部寄生的车轮虫丰度进行了统计,同时对水体的温度、总磷、活性磷、总氮、亚硝酸盐、氨氮进行了测定。相关性分析表明,黄颡鱼腮部寄生车轮虫丰度与总磷浓度、活性磷浓度、总氮浓度显著负相关;与亚硝酸盐浓度显著正相关;与温度(24.0~30.5℃)、氨氮浓度无显著相关性。     

Health Status of Ornamental Freshwater Fishes Imported to South Africa: A Pilot Study

Keeping fish is a popular pastime in South Africa and the majority of ornamental fish are imported. A pilot study was initiated to examine the health status of ornamental freshwater fishes imported to South Africa. Four groups of thirty fish each were examined for the presence of external parasites, and processed for virus isolation and for bacterial and mycobacterial culture. The groups consisted of goldfish (Carassius auratus), koi (Cyprinus carpio), guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and cardinal tetras (Cheirodon axelrodi). Mycobacterium fortuitum was isolated from the goldfish and koi. No other significant bacteria were isolated and virus culture was negative for all groups. Skin scrapings and wet gill preparations were made to detect external parasites. Parasites were identified from fixed material. External parasites included Trichodina mutabilis, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, ciliophorans of the genus Tetrahymena, and monogeneans belonging to the genera Dactylogyrus and Gyrodactylus. This is the first report of Trichodina mutabilis in South Africa. Diseases imported with ornamental fish pose a risk to both indigenous fish populations and the aquaculture industry. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Trichodina murmanica (Ciliophora) and Gyrodactylus pleuronecti (Monogenea) parasitizing hatchery-reared winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum): effects on host growth and assessment of parasite interaction

Winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, caught in Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick, Canada, and held captive under crowded conditions, developed mixed infections of Trichodina murmanica Polyanski, 1955 (Ciliophora) and Gyrodactylus pleuronecti Cone, 1981 (Monogenea). A protocol involving sequential sieving was used to separate the two species of parasites and produce viable experimental baths. Replicate groups of juvenile, hatchery-reared flounder received one of the following treatments: mixed bath of G. pleuronecti and T. murmanica , bath of G. pleuronecti, bath of T. murmanica or parasite-free (controls). The abundance of both parasites correlated negatively with condition factor of the flounder ( r =−0.354, P  < 0.001 for Trichodina ; r =–0.205, P  < 0.05 for Gyrodactylus ). During the periods of peak parasite abundance (1–2 weeks postinfection), the effect of the two parasite species was additive, as mean condition factor and the percentage change in weight were significantly lower (ANOVA, P  < 0.05) among fish with mixed infections compared to single infections or controls. The most common signs of tissue pathology were increased density of epidermal mucous cells on the fins and macrovesicular lipidosis of the hepatocytes. After a significant decline in parasite infrapopulations (3 weeks postinfection), infected fish resumed normal growth, indicating the observed effects were somewhat reversible.     

河北白洋淀鱼类外寄生车轮虫属分类研究

2009年4月—2010年10月对河北省白洋淀营外寄生生活的车轮虫属进行种类鉴定工作。采用干银染色法显示车轮虫的附着盘结构,活体吉姆萨染色方法显示细胞核形态。采用"统一特定方法"和"齿体定位描述法"鉴定出车轮虫属9种,分别为显著车轮虫、拟黑色车轮虫、网状车轮虫、杜氏车轮虫、异齿车轮虫、喙状车轮虫、卡氏车轮虫、短棘车轮虫、适度车轮虫。波氏吻鱼叚虎鱼为显著车轮虫、拟黑色车轮虫、网状车轮虫的新宿主记录,黄黝鱼为异齿车轮虫和杜氏车轮虫的新宿主记录,麦穗鱼为喙状车轮虫的新宿主记录,鲫鱼和圆尾斗鱼为适度车轮虫的新宿主记录。该研究是白洋淀地区乃至华北地区车轮虫属首次细致的分类描述,研究结果将有助于阐明白洋淀鱼类寄生车轮虫区系组成。     

滇池金线鲃、西畴金线鲃及其杂交F1代抵抗小瓜虫与车轮虫能力的探究

用小瓜虫(Ichthyophthirius multifiliis)和车轮虫(Trichodina spp.)对滇池金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus grahami)和西畴金线鲃(S.xichouensis)及其杂交F1代分别进行了两次人工感染实验。18月龄的杂交F1代、滇池金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus grahami)和西畴金线鲃(S.xichouensis)感染小瓜虫后平均死亡率分别为(50.00±11)%、(56.70±23)%、(80.0±18)%。经方差检验杂交F1代死亡率显著低于父本西畴金线鲃。6月龄杂交F1代、滇池金线鲃、西畴金线鲃感染车轮虫后的平均死亡率分别为(40.56±13)%、(56.11±5)%、(42.78±13)%。经方差检验杂交F1代死亡率显著低于母本滇池金线鲃。在感染小瓜虫和车轮虫后,三种鱼的死亡量均呈现激增后又显著回落的趋势,死亡高峰在第4天至第7天。本次感染实验的小瓜虫和车轮虫主要分布于病鱼体表:躯干分布最多57%~79%,其次为鳍12%~28%,头部分布较少4%~15%。与本研究中车轮虫几乎于鳃丝无分布(0%~3%)不同,有大约10%~20%的小瓜虫分布于鳃丝上。     

中药治疗暗纹东方鲀多种鳃寄生纤毛虫演替的案例分析

寄生性纤毛虫是暗纹东方鲀工厂化养殖中最常见病原。近年来对传统化学药物耐药的纤毛虫越来越多。本文介绍了用中药治疗暗纹东方鲀鳃部多种寄生虫(车轮虫、斜管虫和小瓜虫)感染的过程。期望对类似病例治疗提供参考。