不同砧木锦橙叶片过氧化物酶活性与植株生长结果的关系

 不同砧木锦橙叶片过氧化物酶(POX)活性存在着差异,半矮化砧上锦橙叶片POX活性显着高于乔化砧,叶片POX活性与树高、干粗、节长、树冠体积等生长势指标呈负相关,与叶片质量、光合强度及果实产量呈正相关.因此,可把叶片POX活性作为砧木对嫁接丰产品种性及矮化性早期预测的辅助生化指标.     

Carbon stocks and greenhouse gas balance of harvested wood products: focus on the Asia-Pacific Partnership countries vis-à-vis the European Union

With the analytical tool, Frankfurt Harvested Wood Products Model, FPM, the carbon stocks and carbon stock changes of Harvested Wood Products, HWP, either in USE or in LANDFILLS L-F, have been evaluated, each separately, from the readily available statistical data base of the FAO, FAOSTAT, on the wood commodities: “Sawnwood and Wood-based Panels, SWP” and the paper commodities, “Paper and Paperboard, PAP”. The focus was on the newly founded Asia-Pacific Partnership countries for Clean Development and Climate (in short AP6), including Canada, which wants to join the AP6, in relation to the countries of the European Union EU-25. It could be shown that the stocks and stock changes of the HWP in USE follow a simple algorithm of the annual consumption or production and their mean annual growth, for the categories SWP and PAP, provided the mean residence times of the HWP in USE can be estimated. With the information on the fraction of residues entering the landfills and their estimated residence times an equivalent simple expression has been derived for stocks and stock changes of the HWP in LANDFILLS L-F. Their values have been calculated to be approximately 0.5 to 0.7 times smaller than those of the HWP in USE. Still, all stock changes of the HWP in L-F were positive and thus accumulating carbon. However, when methane outgasing within the HWP in L-F had been considered, the calculated Greenhouse Gas Balance was zero or negative under the estimated parameters thus to at least partly compensate the positive storage of carbon in HWP in USE. The percentage of CO₂ removed by the HWP in USE in comparison to the annual greenhouse gas emissions varied from 0.3 to 1.7%, with a mean value of 0.8% for the AP6 countries including Canada, in contrast to 1.0% of the EU-25 countries. Despite of the relative small magnitude in relation to the total emission of all GHG this contribution should not be neglected in the GHG Budget of a country.     

番茄不同砧木材料幼苗对低温胁迫的反应

在昼夜温度10℃／5℃条件下,研究了不同番茄砧木材料对低温胁迫的反应。结果表明：不同品种冷害症状出现时间不同,冷害指数亦不相同,但均随胁迫时间的延长,电解质渗透率上升,叶绿素含量下降,保护酶活性增强,脯氨酸及可溶性糖含量升高;但胁迫时间过长,则导致可溶性糖含量下降,某些耐冷性弱的品种SOD活性降低。通过综合比较发现,Besupa耐冷性较强,而128、Ls-89耐冷性较差,BF兴津101和北京1号居中。     

Metazoan parasites of the stomach of Dissostichus eleginoides Smitt 1898 (Pisces: Notothenidae) from southern Chile: A tool for stock discrimination?

The taxonomic composition of the metazoan parasites found in the stomach of 629 specimens of the “Patagonian toothfish” Dissostichus eleginoides Smitt, 1898, from two localities in southern Chile (Lebu 36°00′S; Quellón 48°49′S), is recorded. More than 58,000 parasite specimens belonging to 9 taxa were registered. Adult worms were represented by the hemiurids Gonocerca phycidis Manter 1925, Lecithochirium genypteri Luhe 1905, Brachyphallus crenatus (Rudolphi 1802), and Derogenes varicus (Muller 1784) and the nematode Hysterothylacium sp. Ward & Magath 1917. Larval forms of anisakid nematodes, an acanthocephalan (Corynosoma sp.), a trypanorhynch cestode (Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten 1802)) and an unidentified pseudophyllidean cestode were also obtained. Parasitological evidence, based on univariate and multivariate analysis, does not support either the existence of discrete stocks, migratory movements between areas or seasonality in pattern of infection.     

雁山区苦瓜嫁接砧木筛选试验

为降低雁山区苦瓜枯萎病发生率,促进雁山区苦瓜产业健康发展,以皇家1号、砧蓉1号、格丽早优8号、鼎盛南瓜及雁山本地丝瓜5个品种为砧木,以夏满园3号苦瓜为接穗,比较各砧木嫁接苗生长和产量情况。试验结果表明,砧蓉1号、本地水瓜嫁接夏满园3号苦瓜抗病性、产量相对要高,大大减少雁山区苦瓜枯萎病发病率,明显提高苦瓜产量。     

Application of the stock change and the production approach to Harvested Wood Products in the EU-15 countries: a comparative analysis

With the analytical tool: Frankfurt Harvested Wood Products (HWP) Model, carbon stocks and carbon stock changes of HWP, either in USE or in LANDFILLS, have been evaluated from the readily available statistical data base of the FAO, FAOSTAT, on the wood commodities: “Sawnwood and Wood-based Panels” and the paper commodities: “Paper and Paperboard”. Essential differences have been found between the individual 15 EU countries in the comparison of the Stock Change Approach and the Production Approach, as well as in the comparison of the stock changes of HWP with the National Greenhouse Gas (GHG) budgets. The stock changes for the HWP in USE within the EU-15 Community have been calculated to be 10.83 Mt C/a (39.71 Mt CO₂/a) based on the Stock Change Approach and 9.81 Mt C/a (35.97 Mt CO₂/a) for the Production Approach, respectively. These numbers can be compared to the total GHG Inventory of the EU-15 of 4,095 Mt CO₂ equivalents, including all six Kyoto gases, which shows that the carbon sequestration of HWP in USE is of the order of 1% relative to GHG Inventory. The GHG balance for the carbon stock changes of HWP in LANDFILLS is of similar magnitude as for the HWP in USE, and therefore a sink when methane outgasing is disregarded. However, when methane outgasing is considered, which is formed as a 1:1 mixture with CO₂ under the prevailing anaerobic conditions the GHG balance results in minus 10.0 Mt C equivalent/a and minus 10.6 Mt C equivalent/a for the Stock Change Approach and the Production Approach under the parameters chosen in this study. Presented in Dublin, October 6–9, 2004, COST-21 Plenary Session.     

四种桃亚属( Amygdalus) 砧木对杏苗生长势生理特性的影响

 以普通杏砧木和西伯利亚杏砧木为对照研究4 种桃亚属砧木对杏1 年生嫁接苗的生长势、POD 活性及ABA 含量的影响, 结果表明, 砧木间存在较大差别。碧桃砧杏苗生长势增强, POD 活性减弱, ABA 含量下降; 圆桃砧和毛桃砧杏苗生长势减弱, POD 活性增强,ABA 含量增加, 其中毛桃砧杏苗较对照的差异达到显著或极显著水平。     

放牧强度对草甸草原植物群落主要功能群碳氮磷贮量的影响

本试验以呼伦贝尔草甸草原中禾本科、杂类草和灌木这3种功能型植物为研究对象,开展放牧强度对不同功能型植物碳、氮、磷含量,化学计量特征以及贮量的影响研究.结果表明:禾本科有机碳含量在各放牧强度下均最高;氮磷含量杂类草最高;3种功能群的有机碳含量均在适度放牧时最高,过度放牧时降低;轻度放牧使得禾本科、灌木的碳氮比、碳磷比升高...     

大菱鲆4个不同地理群体生长性能的比较

在相同的养殖条件下,选取英国、法国、丹麦和挪威4个不同群体的大菱鲆ScophthalmusmaximusL.,进行了1年生长性能的比较。结果表明,在3、6、9和12月龄,群体间体长和体重的差异均较大,在每一个生长时期各群体体长和体重的差异排序相同。4个群体的大菱鲆体长以线性速度生长,体重以指数形式生长。综合0~3月龄、0~12月龄的绝对增重率和3~6、6~9、9~12月龄的绝对增重率和瞬时增重率,在生长速度上依次为法国、英国、丹麦和挪威群体,在生长差异上丹麦和挪威及英国和法国之间的差异较小,丹麦、挪威和英国、法国之间的差异较大。大菱鲆各群体在3、6、9和12月龄的体重变异系数分别为22.84%~33.48%、21.36%~30.30%、19.64%~26.97%和21.06%~35.07%,认为这4个群体的大菱鲆均可作为选育的基础群体。