植物乳杆菌的益生特性及其在乳制品中的应用

植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillusplanrarum）能通过胃并定植于肠道,发挥调节肠道菌群、免疫调节、降低血清胆固醇、降血压和抗氧化等益生作用。此外,由于植物乳杆菌的益生特性,国内学者申请了诸多关于植物乳杆菌菌株专利。同时,近年来有关植物乳杆菌分子多样性的研究也充分开展。另外,植物乳杆菌还被广泛应用于乳制品生产,包括功能性酸乳、发酵豆乳、干酪、功能性乳酸菌饮料等乳制品中。     

肉仔鸡饲喂枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)效果的研究

研究了两种不同枯草芽孢杆菌对660只艾维茵肉仔鸡的生产性能和对仔鸡肠道微生物菌群的影响。试验将仔鸡随机分为4组:不饲喂药物添加剂的对照组、添加乳酸—粪链球菌的正对照组及添加不同枯草芽孢杆菌的两个试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ。 结果表明,添加枯草芽孢杆菌可使三周龄仔鸡体重略高于对照组,但差异不显著。添加枯草芽孢杆菌A16的试验组Ⅱ的饲料转化效率比对照组显著提高(P<0.05);试验组Ⅰ与对照组相比,可显著地增加肠道中有益菌(乳酸杆菌)的数量(P<0.05),减少有害菌(沙门氏菌)的数量(P<0.01),但对大肠杆菌数量的影响不显著。     

益生菌对致病性大肠杆菌在雏鸡消化道内的作用效果

1日龄雏鸡120只,随机分为6组,用不同的方法处理后,对各组雏鸡7个部位（嗉囔、腺胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、直肠）消化道黏膜黏附的O78进行分离计数,研究禽致病性大肠杆菌在雏鸡消化道的分布,比较益生菌对禽致病性大肠杆菌O78在不同雏鸡动物模型中的抑制作用。结果表明：禽致病性大肠杆菌O78主要定植在雏鸡的嗉囔、盲肠和直肠;抗生素处理组和非处理组在灌服益生菌后24、48、72、96h与对照纽相比,各消化道部位定植的O78均有不同程度的降低,说明益生菌对禽致病性大肠杆菌O78。具有较强的抑制能力;未处理组的雏鸡消化道内黏附的O78菌数低于抗生素处理组,说明益生菌在抑制病原菌同时可促进消化道有益菌群的生长,从而防止致病菌的感染。     

The effect of selected microbial strains on internal milieu of broiler chickens after peroral administration

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of probiotic preparation with multi-strains composition (Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus LAT 187, Lactobacillus acidophilus LAT 180, Lactobacillus helveticus LAT 179, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis LAT 182, Streptococcus thermophilus LAT 205 and Enterococcus faecium E 253) on internal milieu, antioxidant status and body weight of broiler chickens. Chickens were divided into three groups (C, control; E1 and E2, experimental groups). Experimental chickens received the probiotic preparation in drinking water. Probiotic preparation caused a significant increase of serum calcium and potassium content. In the group with higher dose of probiotic strains serum triglycerides level decreased. Total antioxidant status in groups with addition of probiotic strains showed higher values in comparison to control group. Serum albumin level was found to increase after consumption of probiotic preparation in group with higher dose of probiotic strains. Probiotic strains improved body weight in last observed weeks of feeding.     

益生菌的研究进展及展望

综述了近年来对益生菌功能的研究情况,并对益生菌未来的研究方向提出了展望。     

益生酸奶双面性评析

文章介绍了益生菌的特点、生理功能以及益生酸奶畅销的原因,阐述了益生酸奶被食用的适宜人群和科学的食用方法,同时对其使用的特殊人群食用后产生的效果和益生酸奶发展过程中存在的问题做了进一步的探讨,有望对益生酸奶的健康发展提供一定见解。     

寡聚糖、抗生素、益生素对仔猪生长性能和肠道菌群影响的研究

选择 12窝仔猪 ,随机分为 6组 ,每组 2窝 ,从 7日龄开始进行为期 8周的饲养试验 ,在4周末断奶 ,研究了基础日粮中添加寡聚糖、益生素、金霉素以及寡聚糖取代部分抗生素对仔猪生长性能和肠道菌群的影响。结果表明 ,与对照组相比 ,寡聚糖或其与金霉素配伍 ( 2 5mg及 12 .50mg· kg-1饲粮 )使用 ,使仔猪在 0～ 4周日增重分别提高 16.81% ( P>0 .0 5)、 15.91 ( P>0 .0 5)、 15.32 ( P>0 .0 5) ;腹泻率分别降低 7.83 ( P<0 .0 1)、 8.68 ( P<0 .0 1)、 8.35( P<0 .0 1)。在 5～ 8周 ,使仔猪日增重分别提高 9.55 ( P>0 .0 5)、 4 8.84 ( P<0 .0 5)、 38.74( P<0 .0 5) ;料肉比分别降低 0 .2 1( P<0 .0 5)、 0 .4 1( P<0 .0 1)、 0 .4 6( P<0 .0 1) ;腹泻率分别降低 12 .78 ( P<0 .0 1)、 2 2 .2 3 ( P<0 .0 1)、 2 0 .88 ( P<0 .0 1)。 0 .15益生素使 0～ 4周的仔猪腹泻率降低 4 .82 ( P<0 .0 5) ,在 5～ 8周使料肉比降低 0 .17( P<0 .0 5) ,腹泻率降低 4 .90( P<0 .0 5)。金霉素 ( 50 mg· kg-1饲粮 )组在 5～ 8周腹泻率降低 5.16% ( P<0 .0 5)。抗生素、益生素在 0～ 4及 5～ 8周对日增重的影响不大 ( P>0 .0 5)。 2 1日龄和 4 9日龄取新鲜粪样测定结果表明 :寡聚糖或寡聚糖与     

Are probiotics useful for therapy of Helicobacter pylori diseases?

Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a known risk factor for gastric cancer. Eradication rate of H. pylori infection by the classic triple treatment of PPIs and antibiotics is low. Therefore, probiotics are a useful tool for improving the rate of eradication and reduction of side effects. Several studies in animal models showed that Lactobacillus spp. alone and in combination with other probiotic strains have inhibitory effects on growth and suppression of inflammatory responses in H. pylori infections. However, some studies showed significant effects of Pediococcus strains on suppression, survival, and eradication of H. pylori infections. Therefore, it is suggested that in the treatment of H. pylori infections along with the usual probiotic strains, different strains of Pediococcus could be used. Recent studies showed that Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus gasseri alone with PPIs in human have a high eradication effect on H. pylori infections and it is suggested as the probiotic treatment of patient's in future therapeutic protocols. In relation to the probiotic treatment process, it should not be recommended that probiotics could be used as a single treatment for H. pylori eradication. However, use of probiotics as a supplement will increase eradication and reduce side effects associated with treatment. It is widely believed that probiotics could improve the eradication of H. pylori and reduce side effects during standard treatment, but some probiotic bacterial species could be useful with drug therapy. Generally, probiotic supplements could increase the eradication rate of H. pylori infections and reduced the side effects of antibiotics.