Artificial burrow preference by the Japanese crayfish Cambaroides japonicus

SUMMARY: Preference for artificial burrows by the endangered Japanese crayfish species Cambaroides japonicus was studied to improve its cultivation. The occupation of artificial burrows, which were made from straight polyvinyl chloride pipes of different internal diameters ( Y , mm), by crayfishes of different total lengths ( X , mm) was significantly ( P < 0.001, n = 56) described by a linear regression: Y = 0.49 X + 3.42 (19.0 ≤ X ≤ 70.2). Among burrows of different lengths [crayfish total length (TL) × 1, × 2, × 3, and × 4], crayfishes significantly preferred burrows that were greater than TL × 3 ( P < 0.001, n = 588).     

Expression of a recombinant crustacean hyperglycemic hormone of the kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris

ABSTRACT:   Until now, six crustacean hyperglycemic hormones (CHH) designated Pej-SGP-I, -II, -III, -V, -VI and -VII have been characterized in the kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus . All CHH consist of 72 amino acid residues and have an amidated carboxyl (C)-terminus. In the present study, we expressed Pej-SGP-III in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris in order to obtain a large quantity of recombinant CHH possessing biological activity. A cDNA encoding Pej-SGP-III that had been previously cloned was processed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the resulting product was ligated into an expression vector. Pichia pastoris was transformed with this vector after which a recombinant Pej-SGP-III was expressed having an additional amino acid residue (glycine) at the C-terminus (rPej-SGP-III-Gly), a form considered to be a putative precursor of this hormone. rPej-SGP-III-Gly secreted into the culture medium was purified by reversed-phase HPLC, and amidated using a peptidylglycine alpha-amidating enzyme. The amidated rPej-SGP-III (rPej-SGP-III) showed hyperglycemic activity in in vivo bioassay almost comparable to that of the natural Pej-SGP-III. rPej-SGP-III thus obtained will be a useful tool not only for its physiological study but also for the determination of its 3-D structure.     

冬季室内刺参养殖水质管理方式试验

于2007年12月进行了冬季反季节养殖刺参的试验,结果表明:每天换水深度为40 cm的方式水质质量较好,是目前较可行的换水方式。     

日本百脉根LjbHLH34基因克隆及耐旱功能鉴定

干旱是影响植物生长发育的重要环境因素。本研究分析了日本百脉根抗旱相关基因LjbHLH34的耐旱功能，初步解析其响应干旱胁迫的分子机制，以期为百脉根抗旱分子育种提供理论基础。本研究克隆得到的LjbHLH34基因大小为711 bp、编码236个氨基酸，属bHLH转录因子家族成员。系统进化树分析显示，LjbHLH34蛋白与拟南芥bHLHⅣ亚家族中AtbHLH34和AtbHLH104亲缘关系较近。实时荧光定量分析表明LjbHLH34在日本百脉根的根中表达量最高，叶中次之，茎中最少，暗示其在日本百脉根多个组织中发挥作用；同时LjbHLH34基因也受聚乙二醇(PEG)和脱落酸(ABA)诱导表达。在酵母中检测发现LjbHLH34具有转录激活活性；亚细胞定位试验表明LjbHLH34蛋白定位于细胞核中。将LjbHLH34基因转入拟南芥获得过表达株系。在200 mmol·L^-1甘露醇胁迫下，LjbHLH34转基因拟南芥的根长明显长于野生型。干旱处理后，野生型拟南芥比转基因拟南芥萎蔫程度更加明显，而转基因株系的相对含水量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于野生型，丙二醛(MDA)积累...     

黄杨叶色特性初步研究

通过对3个黄杨品种(大叶黄杨、金心黄杨、金边黄杨)的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花色苷进行测定和分析,认为金心黄杨和金边黄杨的黄色部分不是由类胡萝卜素的绝对含量增加或类胡萝卜素与叶绿素比值的提高形成的,而是由于黄色部分总色素特别是叶绿素含量降低而造成的。     

遮阴对珠子参生长发育及光合生理特性的影响

为探明遮阴对珠子参生长发育和光合生理特性的影响,对盆栽珠子参分别采取全光照、30%遮阴和50%遮阴3种处理。在珠子参生长90天后,考察各处理下珠子参植物学性状、生理指标和光合特性。结果表明,与全光照相比,30%遮阴处理下珠子参株高、主茎粗、果实数、根茎直径、叶绿素含量、SOD和POD活性增加,地下根茎节间长度和叶MDA含量减小。遮阴处理后珠子参净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)低于全光照处理,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)则高于全光照处理。遮阴有效地缓解了珠子参的“午休”并降低了光抑制,其中,30%遮阴处理效果最显著,为珠子参的生长提供了较为适宜的环境。     

参虾池塘高效混养技术

7-9月刺参夏眠期间正是日本对虾快速生长的季节,在对虾池中人工造礁,第1年4月放入规格为80～120头/ kg的海参苗1740 kg,每年7月放入体长0.7～1.0 cm的日本对虾虾苗1.2×105尾,将刺参与日本对虾混养.在养殖过程中,刺参不投喂,只用卤虫、人工饲料、杂色蛤和四角蛤蜊投喂日本对虾,严格控制养殖池内的杂鱼虾,保持水质新鲜,可提高日本对虾和刺参的成活率,利用两者饵料和空间互补性,可显著提高虾池的利用率和经济效益.     

刺参微卫星DNA分子标记的分离及筛选

采用磁珠富集法分离刺参Apostichopus japonicus的微卫星分子标记,共获得阳性克隆123个,其中106个含微卫星DNA序列。分析结果表明:完美型有48个,占45.28%,非完美型有39个,占36.79%,复合型有19个,占17.92%;重复碱基数以双核苷酸重复最常见,占84.91%,双核苷酸中又以CA/GT重复所占比例最大;在重复次数方面,以重复数为3~10次、11~18次和≥35次最为常见,各占39.62%、26.42%和16.98%,重复数达100次以上的有5个,最多的达到148次,有28个微卫星序列微卫星含量丰富。筛选的22对引物中,可产生出扩增产物的有17对,其中16对引物的产物带在预测区域内出现;有7对引物在中国、俄罗斯刺参模板中表现出多态性。文中还对刺参微卫星的特点进行分析,对刺参微卫星引物的PCR筛选结果进行了探讨。