青蒿内生真菌IS928产青蒿素类化合物的发酵培养基优化

[目的]为了开发青蒿素类化合物新的生产方法。[方法]从青蒿中分离出一株产青蒿素类化合物的内生真菌IS928,采用单因素试验法研究了液态发酵生产青蒿素类化合物合适的培养基,包括碳源、氮源、无机盐等对其产量的影响,并采用响应面法对发酵培养基进行了优化。[结果]适宜培养基配方为:蔗糖3.15%,酵母粉2.27%,KH_2PO_40.254%,MgSO_4·7H_2O0.173%,NaCl0.05%,得到青蒿素类化合物产量平均值为17.19 mg/L。[结论]该研究为青蒿素类化合物发酵生产的研究提供了理论基础。     

青蒿素及其衍生物抗寄生虫的研究进展

本文介绍了青蒿素及其衍生物的基本研究状况和它们抗寄生虫病的研究进展，青蒿素及其衍生物主要的抗寄生虫作用表现为抗疟原虫和抗血吸虫，它们抗弓形虫、卡氏肺孢子虫、犬附红细胞体和球虫的作用也较强，对其进一步的研制和开发具有广阔的前号：     

青蒿素及其衍生物的作用机理及其对鸡球虫病的防治

对青蒿素及其衍生物的作用机理及近年来其在防治鸡球虫病的应用做了较详细的综述,以期为其在防治鸡球虫病中的应用提供参考。青蒿素被用于治疗疟疾已有几百年的历史,它还具有治疗血吸虫、腹泻及清热、镇静安神的作用,但其在兽医临床中的应用还是一个新领域。     

青蒿素对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

为了解青蒿素对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,运用室内培养皿法,分析了不同浓度的青蒿素溶液浸种后小麦种子发芽率及幼苗高度、根长、整株鲜重、根和茎鲜重及干重、根系活力等指标的变化。结果表明,青蒿素对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长有抑制作用,且浓度越高,抑制作用越显著。与无菌水对照相比,青蒿素浸种处理显著降低了小麦的种子发芽率、苗高、根长、根鲜重和茎的鲜、干重,增加了根干重和根冠比。小麦的根系活力和可溶性蛋白含量随青蒿素浓度的增加而递减,可溶性糖含量则随之递增,叶绿素含量则呈先升高后降低的趋势,以20mg·L-1处理含量最高。此外,青蒿素浸种处理对小麦幼苗各项指标的影响与15mg·L-1多效唑相似。     

重庆青蒿中青蒿素含量及其AFLP分析

本文对重庆地区酉阳县、沙坪坝和北碚的10个主要青蒿类型进行了青篙素含量测定及其AFLP分析.研究结果表明:不同的青蒿株系青蒿素含量不同,栽培株系和色茎株系青蒿素含量较高;进一步的AFLP分析表明引物组合EA04-MC05和EA01-MC01分别在高产青蒿株系和茎色青蒿株系中均能扩增出一条特异性条带;根据AFLP差异带,用WPGMA法对10个主要青蒿类型进行聚类分析,结果没有得到与青蒿素含量的明确关联,只是从产地上将酉阳青蒿与北碚、沙坪坝青蒿区分,说明不同地区青蒿的遗传差异较大.本文通过研究影响青蒿素含量的环境因素和遗传因素,为进一步克隆青蒿素合成相关基因提供参考.     

黑龙江野生黄花蒿生物量及青蒿素含量

为合理利用黑龙江地区的黄花蒿资源,对黑龙江野生黄花蒿各时期的生长状态指标--株高、冠幅、鲜质量等进行了观察,并通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定了青蒿素含量,研究了黄花蒿生物量变化与青蒿素含量的相关性,比较了黑龙江各地区野生黄花蒿中青蒿素含量的差别以及青蒿素在植株中各部位的分布.结果表明:各生物量指标在7月中旬增长较快,现蕾期(7月25日)达到最大;生物量的高峰期与青蒿素含量最高时期一致,均为现蕾期,此时期为黄花蒿的最佳采收期;青蒿素含量受地域影响较大,牡丹江市磨刀石镇黄花蒿青蒿素质量分数较高,为937.78μg/g;青蒿素在植株各部位含量差异较大,叶片含量分别为主茎和小枝的18倍和50倍左右,即叶片为青蒿素主要产生部位.     

培养基成分对黄花蒿丛生芽合成青蒿素的影响

以MS为基本培养基,研究了MS培养基中大量元素浓度对黄花蒿丛生芽合成青蒿素的影响,确定了最适的培养条件.结果表明,青蒿素丛生芽合成青蒿素的最适条件为:蔗糖质量浓度为30g/L,铵盐和硝酸盐比值为1:3,氮源浓度为45mmol/L,无机磷酸盐质量浓度为200mg/L.     

A novel purification method of artemisinin from Artemisia annua

Treatment of uncomplicated malaria relies heavily on the sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin (ART), derived from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua. It is currently used as the first line treatment in the form of ART combination therapies in which different ART derivatives are combined with a non ART-like drug, which displays a different mechanism of action. This treatment regime is prescribed by the WHO in order to (1) effectively treat uncomplicated malaria and (2) to reduce the risk that drug resistance will develop. Considering the importance of ART in this treatment regime, various methods have been developed to increase the global production of ART. These methods include: large scale solvent extraction and purification from high yielding A. annua varieties, chemical/semi-chemical synthesis of artemisinin, and genetic engineering of unrelated organisms to produce ART in high quantities. Currently most of the commercial approaches to produce ART are based on solvent extraction and purification from the plant material. Classical extraction solvents include hexane or petroleum ether while ethanol, which is a more polar solvent, has recently been shown to be equally efficient. We developed a purification method from an ethanolic extract by using a diatomite-based purification protocol. Various volumes and ratios of solvents and diatomite were tested which resulted in ≥98% pure ART with a total recovery of around 60%. Our protocol for the isolation of ART may form a commercial scale alternative as it is both economically attractive due to the small amounts of purification materials needed and also environmentally friendlier than the methods previously described.     

Isolation and Identification of Antifungal Ingredients from Artemisia hedinii北大核心CSCD

The extraction of Artemisia hedinii Ostenf. et Pauls(A. hedinii) were rough and further isolated by chromatographic separation technology, and the antifungal activity of the component was evaluated by the the spore germination method. Furthermore, the composition of antimicrobial components was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The results showed that 13 kinds of components(Fr.1-Fr.13) were rough isolated from the extraction of A. hedinii, in which the component Fr.5 showed the best antifungal activity. Four kinds of components (Fr.5.1-Fr.5.4) were obtained by the further separation of the component Fr.5. The EC50 of A. hedinii crude extraction on Alternaria alternate (A.alternate) spores was 5.04 g/L, and that of the component Fr.5.2 was 0.57 g/L. The HPLC-MS results showed that the components of Fr.5.2 mainly contained deoxy double hydroxyl artemether (17 %),deoxy dihydroartemisinin (43.65 %) and deoxyartemisinin (16.15 %). The content of dihydroartemisinin of component Fr.5.2 was calculated as 40.95 % by using dihydroartemisinin as the standard. The EC50 of dihydroartemisinin on A.alternate was 2.70 g/L, indicating that the major antifungal matter in component Fr.5.2 was artemisinin derivatives. © 2018, Editorial Board of «Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products». All right reserved.     

青蒿素最佳提取工艺研究

以干青蒿叶粉末为原料,搅拌速度、溶剂量、温度、时间和原料粒度为考察因素,设计五因素四水平正交试验,研究青蒿素最佳提取条件。结果表明,青蒿素最佳提取条件为搅拌速度800 r/min,溶剂量60 mL(1 g原料),提取温度50℃,提取时间120 min,原料粒度0.25 mm。