HPLC法测定盐酸氨丙啉的含量及对杂质2-甲基吡啶进行检查

采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氨丙啉的含量及对杂质2-甲基吡啶进行检查.用Waters XTerraTM RP C18色谱柱,以乙腈-甲醇-庚烷磺酸钠溶液(将12 g的1-庚烷磺酸钠溶于1000 mL水中,加24mL冰醋酸,6 mL的三乙胺制得)(5:35:60)为流动相,用紫外检测器于254nm处检测,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL/min.在该条件下盐酸氨丙啉和2-甲基吡啶的分离度很好,盐酸氨丙啉浓度在0.05～0.50 mg/mL范围内,其色谱峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为y=3.07×107x-3.90×104,r=0.999 9,RSD=0.76%.该法适用于盐酸氨丙啉原料药的质量控制.     

牛组织中氨丙啉残留的HPLC检测方法研究

建立了牛组织中氨丙啉残留检测的高效液相色谱法.试样中的氨丙啉经乙腈提取后旋转蒸干,用磷酸盐缓冲液溶解,过HLB固相萃取小柱净化,高效液相色谱法进行测定.结果表明,在0.20～20.0 μg/mL范围内,氨丙啉浓度与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r2=0.9999);在牛的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和脂肪中,氨丙啉的检测限为100 μg/kg,在牛的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏中定量限为250 μg/kg,在牛的脂肪中定量限为200 μg/kg.在不同添加浓度下测定,氨丙啉的平均回收率为60％ ～ 110％,批内和批间变异系数均在15％以内.本方法可快速测定牛组织中氨丙啉残留量,且操作简单、灵敏度高、结果准确性高,能满足日常检测需要.     

尼卡巴嗪和氨丙啉单独及配合应用对鸡球虫病的疗效

目的研究尼卡巴嗪和氨丙啉单独及配合应用对鸡球虫病的疗效。方法将15日龄鸡人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫,以鸡平均增重率、盲肠病变记分、粪便记分和抗球虫指数等指标为参数,综合评价尼卡巴嗪和氨丙啉单独及配合应用的抗球虫效果。结果尼卡巴嗪左旋咪唑 大蒜素 维生素K组抗球虫指数为189。氨丙啉 乙氧酰胺甲酯 乙胺嘧啶 磺胺喹啉组抗球虫指数为184.5,这两组药均具有良好的抗球虫效果。氨丙啉 乙氧酰胺苯甲酯组,氨丙啉 乙胺嘧啶组及氨丙啉药物对照组抗球虫指数分别为162.8,163.2,和160.5;尼卡巴嗪 乙氧酰胺苯甲酯组和单用尼卡巴嗪组抗球虫疗效较差,AC I分别为142.7和146.4。结论尼卡巴嗪配合左旋咪唑、大蒜和维生素K产生了增效作用;用氨丙啉配合乙氧酰胺苯甲酯、乙胺嘧啶和磺胺喹啉也可达到增效目的,经两药单用提高了疗效。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫对盐酸氟乙基硫胺素耐药性的诱导

为评估盐酸氟乙基硫胺素产生抗药性的倾向,采用药物浓度递增法,在实验条件下进行柔嫩艾美耳球虫耐药性的诱导研究。每组动物用10只快大黄肉鸡,每只鸡接种1×105个孢子化卵囊,以50 mg/kg盐酸氨丙啉和盐酸氟乙基硫胺素为起始诱导浓度连续传代,以病变记分、存活率和卵囊数三项指标综合判定耐药性。经过10次传代,盐酸氨丙啉对敏感虫株的ACI为192.6,而对耐药虫株的ACI为109.1;经过12次传代,盐酸氟乙基硫胺素对敏感虫株的ACI为197.5,而对耐药虫株的ACI为110.6,对盐酸氨丙啉耐药虫株的ACI为163.2;结果表明成功地诱导出对盐酸氨丙啉、盐酸氟乙基硫胺素完全耐药的虫株。盐酸氟乙基硫胺素产生耐药速度慢于盐酸氨丙啉,与盐酸氨丙啉有部分交叉耐药性。     

15株柔嫩艾美耳球虫Eimeria tenella对五种抗球虫药的抗药性调查研究

应用 AA 肉鸡,检测了采自我国12个省区的15株 Eimeria tenella 对5种抗球虫药的敏感性。根据最适抗球虫活性百分率、相对卵囊产量和病变记分减少率3项指标综合判定,对莫能霉素、氨丙啉、克球粉、氯苯胍和杀球灵具有不同程度抗药性的虫株分别占80%,66.6%,53.3%,53.3%和0%。不同地区虫株的抗药谱和抗药程度存在差异。多数虫株对2种或2种以上的抗球虫药具有复合抗药性。此外,研究制订了比较适用的检测球虫抗药性的判定方法和判定标准。     

The effect of amprolium and of payzone on the functional state of the thyroid in growing chickens

Amprolium fed to growing chickens in a concentration of 125 p.p.m. in a commercial diet was accompanied by a small but significant decrease in thyroid activity compared with the results for untreated chickens, judged by serum PBI values. The epithelium : colloid relation was lowered. This was presumed to be a consequence of the antagonistic effect of amprolium on thiamine. Payzone feeding, 10 p.p.m. in commercial feed, caused a more pronounced retardation of thyroid activity, judged by the same criteria. A possible connection between the depressed thyroid function and the well-established improvement in weight gain and feed conversion in connection with payzone feeding is discussed.     

Cerebro-cortical necrosis (C.C.N.) in calf. An experimental reproduction of the disease

In four ruminant calves a state of thiamine deficiency was brought about with a thiamine antagonist, amprolium. Twice daily the calves were given Amprolmix® containing 25 % amprolium through a stomach tube. The dosage was 350–500 mg/kg body weight daily during the entire experimental period. After 31 days the first calf showed fully developed symptoms; two other calves fell ill after another four and eight days respectively. The fourth calf was killed before the disease became clinically manifest. In all calves cerebrocortical necroses were found on histological examination. The clinical picture is described. It was similar to that in spontaneous C.C.N.In the calves exhibiting fully developed symptoms a moderate rise was observed in the pyruvate kinase and a heavy rise in the creatine Phosphokinase activity. On several occasions the total quantity of thiamine (free + phosphorylated) in the blood exceeded the upper normal limit without any extra supply of thiamine being given. Only on one occasion was a lowering observed, to a value just below the lower limit of normal variation.