Soil quality assessments in integrated crop–livestock–forest systems: A review

Integrated crop–livestock–forest is a promising strategy to improve soil quality. It comprises four different integrated farming systems: crop–livestock, crop–forest, forest–livestock and crop–livestock–forest. This work systematically reviewed studies about integrated crop–livestock–forest systems and soil quality. A total of 92 papers were retrieved from the Web of Science—Clarivate Analytics platform, and the following information was analysed: publication year, institution, region of the studied site, type of integrated system, soil type, tillage system, maximum soil depth and the soil quality indicators assessed. Most studies were published in the second half of the 2010s. Brazil is a prominent focus of research about soil quality and integrated crop–livestock–forest systems, with significant contribution from its central and southern regions. The Embrapa was the main publishing institution, present in over one‐third of the studies. Crop–livestock was the most common integrated system, Ferralsols was the most common soil group, and most of the studied soils were clayey. No tillage was the main tillage system. Most studies focused on the topsoil, assessing physical and/or chemical soil quality indicators. More emphasis on biological indicators of soil quality is required, as well as assessments integrating biological, physical and chemical indicators of soil quality. Future works should compare different integrated systems, including assessments deeper in the soil profile, especially in systems with the forest component, and also in sandy and silty soils. Soil quality indicators that have been rarely used should be further tested. Novel indicators should be added to better understand the promotion of soil quality by integrated crop–livestock–forest systems.     

Application of acoustic Doppler current profiler combined with a scientific echo sounder for krill Euphausia pacifica density estimation

ABSTRACT:   An application of the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP, 153.6 kHz) in combination with a scientific echo sounder (EK60, 38 and 200 kHz) was investigated to estimate the density of krill Euphausia pacifica . The acoustic backscattering strength from sound scattering layers was compared with biomass estimates from midwater trawls. Euphausia pacifica was targeted among mixed species populations in the sound scattering layer in the offshore Funka Bay area of Hokkaido, Japan. The frequency characteristics of acoustic backscattering by krill were calculated using a distorted wave Born approximation scattering model at three frequencies. Krill aggregations identified from the EK60 data were extracted as the mean volume backscattering strength difference between two frequencies. They were then used to identify similar aggregations in the ADCP data by matching observation times and depths for the two methods, which were applied simultaneously. Results from the comparison of the mean volume backscattering strength and the density calculated from the ADCP and EK60 showed that ADCP can be used to measure density and spatial–temporal distribution of krill aggregations. Current speed and direction at the study site were found to be 16.1 cm/s and 187.0°, respectively, and krill speed and direction (including the current component) were found to be 19.8 cm/s and 172.2°, respectively. Based on the ADCP data, the net speed and direction of the krill aggregations were found to be 5.9 cm/s and 128.0°, respectively.     

小水电科技发展领域的系统分析

该文用层次分析法(AHP)和德尔菲法(Delphi)相结合的系统分析法,对江西省上饶地区小水电科技发展领域分析模型作了探索,提出了小水电科技发展领域的优先度及重点,为“八五”、“九五”小水电科技规划的制定提供了依据,同时也为水利水电同行在科技规划中提供一点参考。     

提高教学和信息服务水平推动我校教学评估和"申博增硕"工作

结合学校“十一五”发展规划,提出提高教学水平的措施是:(1)推进“无教材教学”的教学模式;(2)加强大学生信息素养教育;(3)鼓励大学生发表论文;(4)鼓励大学生搞科研。提高图书馆信息服务水平的措施是:(1)加强网络免费信息资源的开发与整合;(2)做好文献传递服务工作;(3)做大做强科技查新工作;(4)整合学术期刊网络投稿指南。     

我国林业科研人员科研现状分析

通过对2002～2004年《林业科学》引文的数量、语种分布及引文类型、论文作者的机构分布及合作度、论文获得的基金资助数量等统计分析,来了解我国林业科研人员的科研现状。     

初论我国辣椒产业的现状及发展趋势

辣椒是我国人们喜食的蔬菜之一,随着高效农业的推进,我国辣椒生产面积迅速扩大.目前,我国辣椒种植面积居蔬菜作物第二位,而产值和效益居蔬菜作物之首,因此辣椒对提高我国人们的物质生活水平和精神生活水平、解决三农问题做出了重要贡献.本文从辣椒消费量、辣椒加工和国际贸易量等方面分析了我国辣椒产业的市场潜力;从辣椒的种植面积、总产量、栽培方式、品种利用等方面分析了我国辣椒生产的现状和存在问题,提出辣椒生产的新趋势;从辣椒育种和基础研究两方面对我国辣椒研究现状与发达国家之间进行了比较,并提出了今后辣椒研究的方向;对我国辣椒种业现状与发达国家进行了比较,分析了目前国外品种对我国辣椒种业的影响.作者针对国际国内市场,为增加我国辣椒产业的核心竞争力,提出六点建议.     

河北农业大学高水平科技论文统计与分析

采用统计分析的方法,对河北农业大学2003--2007年被美国三大英文检索系统收录（SCI、EI、ISTP）和河北农业大学认定的一级学报上发表的学术论文,按总量,学院分布,论文作者年龄、职称、学位分布情况逐一进行了统计分析。分析结果从一个侧面反映了河北农业大学科学研究现状,并对其有关问题进行了探讨。     

农业科技成果资本化风险的控制方法

为了控制和应对农业科技成果资本化风险,提出了风险避免、风险自留、风险预防、风险分散和风险转嫁等控制方法,旨在为降低农业科技成果资本化风险提供依据,以促进农业科技成果资本化的顺利进行。     

基于CiteSpace的氮沉降知识图谱计量分析

客观分析国内氮沉降研究现状,总结现阶段研究的重点与薄弱点,旨在为氮沉降的科研工作者与决策者提供数据参考.以"氮沉降"为主题词,从CNKI数据库中得到2009-2019年发表的相关文献754篇,运用CiteSpace知识图谱分析工具对关键词、作者、机构进行可视化分析,并对氮沉降的研究进展、发展趋势和资助基金等方面进行相关...     

浙江沿岸的贝类资源及其增养殖

我国拥有1 512 300 hm² 沿海滩涂,而滩涂贝类是潮间带滩涂的优势种类,具有生长快、适应性强、环境友好等诸多优点,因此发展滩涂贝类养殖空间广阔、条件优越、潜力巨大。浙江滩涂贝类养殖历史悠久,在养殖技术与模式、人工采苗与育苗、大规格苗种培育、新品种培育等方面具有明显特色和优势,同时在种业科技创新与发展方面面临巨大挑战。本文综述了浙江滩涂贝类养殖产业、苗种生产技术、种质创新与良种创制的历史与现状,围绕经济性状精准测评、育种技术创新、优质抗逆新品种培育、高效扩繁关键技术和装备研发、种业体系建设等方面,提出了未来特别是“十四五”期间滩涂养殖贝类良种创制与种业发展的重点任务。