Loads Equalization Based on Optimization Principle and the Hierarchical Model for Distribution Networks

Loss reduction is important for distribution networks and it is available to reduce loss by loads equalization. With increasing numbers of vertexes in distribution networks, compounding of loads are rapid increasing. It is hard to achieve the global optimization for load balancing by traditional model of distribution networks. Base on analyzing character of loads equalization for distribution networks, this paper provides a new method which conjugate the optimization principle and the hierarchical model of the distribution networks, can transfer the optimization issues into multi stage decision making problems,and can also achieve the optimization equalization of the distribution networks loads.     

快速环路分解遗传算法在配电网络重构中的应用

为了有效提高配电网络的收敛速度，避免不成熟收敛，在传统遗传算法的基础上，提出了一种快速环路分解遗传算法。提出用支路的开关状态(0或1)作为控制参数，避免繁琐的编码方法，缩短了染色体的长度，同时对交叉位置的选取和变异提出了独特的方案，并用于网络重构中，极大地提高了计算效率。     

面向安全服务重组多目标优化的粒子群遗传算法

遗传算法具有快速随机的全局搜索能力,但局部搜索能力差,易陷入早熟收敛,迭代效率低.粒子群算法采用速度——位置模型,可以较快收敛到指定精度.将粒子群算法与遗传算法融合,采用多目标遗传算法得出初步的优化结果,并将其作为粒子,利用粒子群算法强化局部搜索,加快收敛速度,仿真结果证明了该算法的优越性.在CSSM对底层安全服务的重组时利用粒子群和遗传算法的结合(GAPSO),能够提高效率.     

Hydromorphological rehabilitation improves channel morphology,instream biotopes,and macroinvertebrate communities,and thus enhances the conservation of an urban river

1. Many river rehabilitation projects have been criticized for failing to meet their goals or for being insufficiently monitored. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop robust approaches for assessing treatment efficacy and thus guide the increasing investment in rehabilitation.
2. Instream biotopes (formerly called ‘functional habitats’ or ‘mesohabitats’ by different authors) and their macroinvertebrate assemblages were used to assess the effectiveness of entire-channel hydromorphological rehabilitation of a 1.8-km stretch of a lowland stream through the town of Market Harborough, Leicestershire, UK.
3. The project successfully enhanced the physical diversity, measured in the rehabilitated reach as the coefficients of variability for channel water depth and width, wet surface area, number of instream biotopes, and biotope diversity.
4. The project also enhanced the biodiversity conservation value, measured as macroinvertebrate total density, total biomass, richness, diversity, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) richness, EPT diversity, EPT count%, and EPT biomass%, all of which significantly increased following rehabilitation. Chironomidae count% and biomass% significantly decreased following rehabilitation. Rehabilitation was also successful in significantly increasing macroinvertebrate shredder, scraper, and filter-feeder group density.
5. Changes in the macroinvertebrate community metrics in the rehabilitated reach were related significantly to changes in the percentages of cover of instream biotopes and increases in biotope diversity in the rehabilitated reach.
6. Macroinvertebrate structural and functional metrics can provide quantitative data for assessing reach-level rehabilitation outcomes, if samples are collected in a pre-defined sampling protocol stratified at the instream biotope level.
7. The practical implications of this work are that the design of rehabilitation projects, if based upon the recreation of biotope heterogeneity, will succeed in improving biological value and restoring the area to near naturalness if a suitable upstream source of macroinvertebrates for natural recolonization is available. The study shows that the concept of biotopes has an important role to play in river conservation management.

     

基于模板重构的小型农业作业机变异设计方法

小型农业作业机作为典型的小批量多品种产品,变异设计是降低成本和缩短开发周期的有效途径。针对通过产品的局部变型来满足客户需求的方法可能会导致约束冲突的问题,提出了基于模板的约束关系重构实现产品变异的设计方法。在已有模板的基础上,利用超图表示模板的对象属性及其约束关系,通过模板对象重组和约束规则重构,形成新的规则数据库,在新模板的基础上进行具体结构的配置。该设计方法在小型农业作业机的变异设计中的具体应用,验证了设计方法的可行性。     

遗传算法在光网络动态流量重构疏导中的应用

针对当前网络的动态业务,提出动态业务流量的重构疏导方案,并给出改进的遗传算法．此算法能通过调整网络的逻辑或物理拓扑结构以适应各种动态变化的业务．实验结果表明：改进的算法能搜索到较优的结果,即添加较少的ADM和波长就可使网络继续承载所有新、旧动态业务．但是算法复杂度较高,因而消耗的时间较多．     

单亲遗传算法在农村电网重构中的应用

在进行负荷预测的基础上实现了对农村电网的实时重构,首先对历史数据做了初步的处理,剔除其中的伪数据,得到负荷数据序列;再给出农村电网重构的数学模型,得到以网损最小为目的的目标函数;最后用遗传算法搜索问题的最优解。实际运行表明,通过农村电网重构降低了网损,改善了电压质量,并且使负荷在各个馈线和变压器之间合理分配,避免了线路和变压器过载,改善了系统的运行条件,提高系统运行的安全性。     

含分布式电源的配电网故障恢复研究

本研究针对含分布式电源的配电网故障恢复提出一种将孤岛划分作为网络重构子优化模块的方案。在重构过程中根据DG的类型和与主网的连通状态,将不能并网的分布式电源进行孤岛划分,最大程度恢复失电负荷,并用二进制粒子群算法和遗传算法的混合算法寻找最优恢复路径。算例结果证明了该策略的优越性。     

作物模型资源构造平台(CMRCP)的构建研究

为有效促进作物系统数字化研究的深入发展,将集成制造的工业化思想引入作物模型领域,提出了作物模型资源(CMR)及作物模型资源构造平台(CMRCP)的概念.在提炼作物生长通用概念模型的基础上,将作物模型资源分解为通用模型结构、模型算法表示和模型资源映射三部分;并通过模型概念与/或树、模型算法与/或图与模型实现形态相结合,提出了综合性模型资源表示方法.另外,借鉴自适应软件开发方法,基于组件框架、组件组装、模型解析等技术,提出了平台构造原理,表明模型构建任务应该由作物元模型、建模学习机制、模型构造引擎和建模支撑工具共同协作完成.结果表明,构建具有学习能力、自适应和组件化特征的作物模型资源构造平台,可促进作物建模知识资源和软件开发资源的相互转化,并可积累易于共享与复用的作物模型资源库,降低作物模型构建与开发难度,提高农业模型软件开发效率和质量,为作物智能建模提供构建平台.     

基于正则化与时空约束改进K最近邻算法的农业物联网数据重构

针对农业复杂环境易发的物联网感知数据丢失异常问题,该文提出一种基于正则化惩罚的K最近邻数据重构方法(K nearest neighbor-regularization penalty,KNN-RP),采用岭回归方法对最近邻方法中的最小二乘因子进行正则化,并讨论了惩罚项的范数选取形式。通过对农业物联网感知数据的时空稳定性与相关性分析,确定了时间与空间约束矩阵的定义方式。采用温室数据样本对算法性能进行交叉验证,结果显示该文的KNN-RP性能在点丢失模型下优于KNN、反距离加权KNN算法以及DT算法,而在块丢失模型下优于KNN和反距离加权KNN算法,略低于DT算法,提高了农业物联网的感知数据质量。该研究可为基于物联网数据的农业生产决策提供参考。