三聚氰胺甲醛树脂-钯络合物催化剂的表征及催化活性

报道了三聚氰胺甲醛树脂-Pd催化剂的表征。通过光电子能谱、电子探针、顺磁共振谱、X-射线衍射等测试结果证明新催化剂是载体与Pd(Ⅰ)络合,起催化作用的是零价钯。三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的聚和度不同其对硝基化合物的活性、选择性不同。该催化剂对蓖麻油有较强的催化氢化能力,其氢化蓖麻油的碘值可以达到3,对其他油也有较好的活性。     

对磺酚偶氮罗丹宁的光度性质研究

合成了新试剂５－（２－对－磺酚）偶氮）－罗丹宁,研究了ＳＰＡＲＨ的光度性质,在ＰＨ为４．１０的缓冲溶液中,当有质量分数为０．１０％的Ｔｗｅｅｎ－８０存在时,Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）与ＳＰＡＲＨ形成１：２的约色络合物,最大吸收波长为５１０ｎｍ,摩乐吸光率为３．８１＊１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１。提出的方法用于钯－分子筛催化剂中钯含量的测定,结果满意。     

新型抗癌配合物的研究——Ⅰ钯(Ⅱ)—邻二氮菲—氨基酸配合物的抗癌活性

本文合成了三种新的钯(Ⅰ)—邻二氮菲—氨基酸配合物〔Pd(phen)AA〕C1, AA为L-赖氨酸,L-脯氨酸,L-精氨酸.用元素分析、红外光谱等方法对配合物进行表征,用细胞染料排斥法、动物实验考察了配合物的抗癌活性.结果表明,以上三种配合物均具有不同程度的抗癌活性,且较顺铂优越之处在于毒性很低,L-脯氨酸和L-精氨酸配合物的溶解度较好.     

一种新的PVC膜铬(VI)离子选择电极的研制及应用

以自制的硝基酞菁钯研制了PVC膜铬(VI)离子选择电极.在B R缓冲液(pH为1.97)中,电极在铬(VI)离子浓度为1.0×10-5mol·L-1～1.0×10-2mol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为2.95×10-6mol·L-1.实验测得的电极响应斜率与混合价态离子斜率的理论推断值相符.在选定的条件下,大部分的离子对铬(VI)的测定基本无干扰,电极用于电镀废水铬(VI)离子的测定,结果令人满意.     

蛇纹石中钯的浸取与富集

为了探讨蛇纹石中钯的浸取与富集的有效方法,进行了蛇纹石浸出液萃取条件选择及萃取物还原试验,在盐酸介质中,以二（２－乙基己基）二硫代磷酸（Ｄ２ＥＨＤＴＰＡ）为萃取剂,浸出液ｐＨ为１,萃取时间为３０ｍｉｎ,钯的提取率达９８％。     

希瓦氏菌合成并协同纳米钯还原氯硝基苯的研究

研究了异化金属还原细菌Shewanella oneidensis MR-1合成金属钯纳米颗粒,用于还原2-氯硝基苯的还原机制、过程和动力学。结果表明,S.oneidensis MR-1可将氯钯酸钠还原成零价钯纳米颗粒(Bio Pd)。S.oneidensis MR-1和Bio Pd协同能催化2-氯硝基苯的还原,且S.oneidensis MR-1的醌脱氢酶Cym A在还原中发挥重要作用。2-氯硝基苯的还原产物包括2-氯苯胺、硝基苯和苯胺,而苯胺是还原最终产物,说明该体系可同时实现脱氯和硝基还原。动力学分析显示,Bio Pd-Shewanella协同催化体系还原2-氯硝基苯的过程符合二级反应动力学过程。     

水溶液中钯催化四苯硼钠的Suzuki交叉偶联反应

在水中使用Pd（OAc）2/DABCO催化四苯硼钠与卤代芳烃的Suzuki反应,碘代芳烃、溴代芳烃在此条件下均可顺利发生反应而生成相应的联芳基化合物,条件温和,产率较高.     

Anthropogenic emission of platinum-group elements into the environment

This work represents a summary of our test results over emissions of platinum-group elements (PGE) in soils, which were won in the context of an interdisciplinary research project on ‘ecological future research’ sponsored by the Hessian government. Directly related to this investigation was the time-dependent entry of concentrations of PGE in soils along roadsides, their further rise in control and the investigation of the geochemical behaviour of these metals regarding their solubility and mobility in the soil. Soil samples were taken along the motorways of Frankfurt-Wiesbaden (A66), Frankfurt-Mannheim (A5/A67/A6), and the A3 and A45 in the area of Hanau, and the PGE were examined here. The test results do not leave a doubt that the increased PGE contents in the soils in the direct environment of the motorway are to be attributed to motor vehicles with catalysts. In sections of the soil samples of Hanau, Ir and Ru are also seen to occur beside Pt, Pd and Rh. Since these items are not constituents of the catalyst, their origin is possibly due to emissions from the precious metal-processing industry in Hanau. The highest concentrations of PGE in the soil occur directly at the edge of the motorway and decrease with increasing distance from the motorway. The PGE emissions depend on traffic volume and driving characteristics. Based on Pt concentrations found in soils near roadsides and observed traffic volumes, automotive catalytic converters are estimated to emit an average of 270 ng/km. Currently, the Pt and Rh deposited behave immobile in soils. At present, Pt and Rh from catalytic converters present no danger to the groundwater. Although platinum does not represent an acute danger, due to its low concentrations in the environment at the present, this rise in concentration may necessitate the use of routine checks in the future.     

松香大分子多相催化反应的孔效应研究

在大分多相催化反应中，由于反应物分子较大，使反应分子不能进入固相催化剂的微孔中与涵性组分接触，因而分布于载体微孔中的活性组分对于大分子的催化反应是无效的。本文报道了用“浸渍胶体”法制备出松香大分子改性用Pb/c催化剂，该催化剂活性组分较集中分布于活性炭表面及大孔周围。与传统浸渍法制备的Pd/c催化剂在松香歧化反应中比较，新方法制备的催化剂显示出更好的活性，克服了松香大分子因“孔效 ”造成传统浸渍法制备的Pd/c催化剂中小孔周围的活性组分不能效使用的缺点。