Exposure of Vicia faba to sulcotrione pesticide induced genotoxicity

Potential genotoxicity of sulcotrione 2-(2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione, a selective triketonic herbicide was evaluated on Vicia faba seedlings in hydroponic culture conditions. Sulcotrione (10⁻⁵, 10⁻⁴ and 2 × 10⁻⁴ M) treatments for 45 h, caused a dose dependent increase in micronuclei frequencies in root meristematic cells. Cytological analysis of root tips cells showed aneugenic effects of the sulcotrione on the plant root meristems. Sulcotrione induced chromosomal alterations at the lowest concentration used (10⁻⁵ M) when incubated for 42 h, indicating the potent mutagenic effect of this element. This is the first report for the genotoxicity of such a sulcotrione herbicide.     

Conservation of Zingiber germplasm through in vitro rhizome formation

The effects of various concentrations of maleic hydrazide (MH; 2, 4, 6, 8 mg/l) and three light treatments (16-h, 24-h, 0-h) on in vitro rhizome formation and conservation of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. cv. Rio de Janeiro) were studied. In vitro rhizome formation occurred in all the above treatments. Addition of MH (2–8 mg/l) to the control medium (CM) comprising Murashige and Skoog's (1962) salts, 9% sucrose, 0.8% agar-agar, 0.1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 1 mg/l N⁶-benzyladenine (BA), did not show any significant positive effects on rhizome formation as well as survival of cultures. A significant effect of light treatments was observed on survival of cultures but not on rhizome formation. More than 50% cultures survived up to 14 months on CM under 16-h and 24-h light conditions as compared to 20% cultures on same medium incubated under dark. A total of 33 genotypes of cultivated and wild species of Zingiber were subsequently tested for conservation through in vitro rhizome formation on CM under 16-h light condition. All genotypes produced rhizomes of varying size with numbers ranging from 3 to 15 per culture and were conserved for at least 12 months; some genotypes could be conserved even up to 16–20 months. Viability of rhizomes was determined by in vitro regeneration of shoots upon subculture and their subsequent establishment in soil. Following the protocol described in the present paper, some 160 genotypes of cultivated and wild species of Zingiber, collected from different geographical regions of India, are being conserved at In Vitro Genebank of National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi.     

SOC Definition of Battery Management System Used in Hybrid Vehicles

For the requirement of building up the battery management system (BMS) of hybrid vehicles(HEVs), the real time measurement and estimation of charge (SOC) of the Ni MH batteries are investigated, because the popular SOC definition is unsuitable under the condition of variable current discharge. The origin of this kind unsuitability are analyzed ,and the characteristics and existing problems of different kinds of SOC measuring methods are compared. On the basis of mentioned above, some corrections are given to the popular SOC definition, and the new conception of SOC is proposed. The corrected definition of SOC is suitable for the real time SOC estimation under the variable current condition of the batteries used in HEVs. Based on the corrected SOC definition, the computational model of the new SOC is built and simulated. Satisfactory result has been obtained from comparisons of the simulating results, which shows that the theoretical model provides a basis for optimizing the adaptation of power system to the hybrid vehicles (HEVs).     

细粒棘球蚴SmadC蛋白及其MH2结构域酵母双杂交载体的构建及自激活鉴定

从重组克隆载体pMD18-T—egsmadC中扩增细粒棘球蚴egsmadC基因及其MH2编码序列,将其克隆入酵母双杂交载体pGADT7和pGBKT7中,经PCR、限制性酶切鉴定及序列测定正确后,PEG／LiAe法转化酵母菌株,测定融合蛋白对酵母菌生长的影响和自激活活性。结果表明,egsmadC基因及其MH2编码序列表达的蛋白对酵母茵Y2HGold无毒性和自激活作用,可为进一步运用酵母双杂交技术筛选与之相互作用的蛋白奠定基础。     

The cooling structure of Ni MH batteries in hybrid electric vehicles

Focusing on Ni MH batteries used in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), a simulation analysis of the flow and temperature fields of the cooling structure in existing batteries is carried out using computational fluid dynamics software. The results show that the temperature uniformity is poor. The uniformity of the flow and the temperature fields is improved by adjusting the baffle and battery positions, changing the tilt angle and the distance between the batteries, inserting wind plates and a coating insulation layer. The coating insulation layer achieves the best effect. Further simulation shows that the coating insulation layer method has the best effects. The results provide the design basis for thermal management program of Ni MH batteries in HEV.     

氨卞西林钠和马来酰肼对菊花形态、花色和花期的影响

在秋菊品种姹紫嫣红的营养生长期,以氨卞西林钠(AMP 1000 mg/L)和不同浓度马来酰肼(MH 100 mg/L,200 mg/L和300 mg/L)的水溶液进行叶面喷雾处理,初步研究了AMP和MH对菊花绿蕾期叶片、盛花期植株与花瓣形态、花色和花期的影响。结果表明,AMP处理使菊花绿蕾期叶片叶绿素含量、干重/鲜重和叶面积均明显高于对照,始花日期比对照提早8.8 d,单花寿命、盛花期株高、株径、花瓣干重/鲜重和花青素含量也比对照明显提高,有助于提高菊花的观赏价值;MH处理提高了菊花的叶绿素含量,但明显降低了菊花的叶面积,延迟了菊花的花期,在MH100~300 mg/L范围内,对菊花的延迟效应为4.2~16.6 d,对菊花的观赏价值也有不同程度的降低效应,且随着MH浓度的提高,处理效应逐渐增强。     

外源激素对天蚕幼虫龄期经过的影响

本文试验了外源激素类似物（ＪＨＡ）和蜕皮激素（ＭＨ）对天蚕幼虫龄期经过的影响，结果表明与对桑蚕的研究结果相同。     

家蚕造卵机制受激素调控作用的研究 Ⅱ.保幼激素类似物和蜕皮激素对蚕蛹的生殖效应

本文探讨昆虫保幼激素类似物(JHA)和蜕皮激素(MH)对家蚕蛹的生殖效应。结果表明:(1)两种激素在蛹期使用的生物活性与其在幼虫期的作用效果完全相反。JHA具有缩短蛹期经过的作用,最大效应值出现在蛹中期使用。高剂量的MH具有显著延长蛹期经过的作用。最大效应值出现在蛹前期和蛹后期处理。(2)蛹期注射适当剂量的MH,对生殖生物量具有一定的增值效应,处理时间以蛹前期和蛹后期为准。(3)激素类似物在蛹期使用,其生殖效应主要改变百粒卵重,MH具有正效应,JHA具有负效应。中、低剂量的MH和JHA不显著改变成熟卵粒数,而高剂量的MH和JHA均使成熟卵数大幅度下降。