氨卞西林钠和马来酰肼对菊花形态、花色和花期的影响

在秋菊品种姹紫嫣红的营养生长期,以氨卞西林钠(AMP 1000 mg/L)和不同浓度马来酰肼(MH 100 mg/L,200 mg/L和300 mg/L)的水溶液进行叶面喷雾处理,初步研究了AMP和MH对菊花绿蕾期叶片、盛花期植株与花瓣形态、花色和花期的影响。结果表明,AMP处理使菊花绿蕾期叶片叶绿素含量、干重/鲜重和叶面积均明显高于对照,始花日期比对照提早8.8 d,单花寿命、盛花期株高、株径、花瓣干重/鲜重和花青素含量也比对照明显提高,有助于提高菊花的观赏价值;MH处理提高了菊花的叶绿素含量,但明显降低了菊花的叶面积,延迟了菊花的花期,在MH100~300 mg/L范围内,对菊花的延迟效应为4.2~16.6 d,对菊花的观赏价值也有不同程度的降低效应,且随着MH浓度的提高,处理效应逐渐增强。

Effect of AMP and MH on Configuration,Flower Color and the Florescence of Chrysanthemum

In the vegetative growing stage of chrysanthemum chaziyanhong,1000mg/L of Ampicillin(AMP) and different concentrations(100mg/L,200mg/L and 300mg/L)of Maleic hydrazide(MH) were sprayed on the foliar to study the effects on the leaves on the green bud stage,flower color and it's flowering period.The results showed that: the treatment spraying AMP increased the chlorophyll content,the rate of dry weight/fresh weight and leaf area on the green bud stage,and AMP accelerated the first bloom period 8.8d earlier than the control.Furthermore the treatment of AMP prolonged the life of individual flower,and the height of plant,the diameters of stem,dry weight/fresh weight,and anthocyanin content in florescence were increased,so,the treatment enhanced the evaluation of chrysanthemum as ornamental.However,the treatments of MH decreased the index above-mentioned apparently except for the chlorophyll content.Using the treatments of 100-300mg/L MH,the first bloom period was delayed 4.2-16.6d,and the evaluation of chrysanthemum as ornamental was decreased.The effects of MH were increased gradually with the increase of MH concentrations.