牦牛衣原体病的血清学调查

应用衣原体间接血凝试验(IHA)对我省某种牛场的156份牦牛血清样品进行了血清学调查，结果检出阳性血清30份，血清学阳性率为19．23％。(30／156)     

云南省红河州家畜衣原体病的调查

应用间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ）对红河州的个旧、河口等１３个市（县）、１０３个乡（镇）、８２４个自然村，户农户的１４５４２份家畜血清进行了衣原体抗体检测，结果检出阳性４１７１份，阳性率为２８．６８％。其中，马的阳性率为３５．４１％（９５３／２６９１）；牛的为３４．６１％（８２３／２３７８））；羊的为２６．１２％（１０２４／３９１７）；猪的为２４．５％（１３４２／５４７７）。另外，对查出衣原体阳性反应的血清同时进行弓形虫病的抗体监测，结果证明，部份衣原体检查为阳性的血清中也存在弓形虫抗体，且两病混感率为７．６３％（１１０９／１４５４２）。其中羊混感率为９．３７％（３６７／３９１７）；猪为８．９３％（４８９／５４７７）；牛为７．７８％（１８５／２３７８）；马为２．５２％（６８／２６９１）。羊的混感率最高。因此红河州广泛流     

青海省种羊场衣原体病的血清学调查

应用衣原体间接血凝试验对青海省某种羊场的165份绵羊血清样品进行了血清学调查，结果阳性8份，阳性率为6．67％。     

猪衣原体感染的血清学调查

对山东省５个地市２０个猪场的１７０头种猪血清进行鹦鹉热衣原体的间接血凝（ＩＨＡ）抗体的检测结果，除济南地区外，其他４个地市均有阳性猪检出，血清的阳性率为２．５％～２１．４％，平均为１１．８％，猪场的阳性率为９０％。说明山东省猪群中鹦鹉热衣原体的感染较为普遍。     

单克隆抗体在动物衣原体病血清诊断上的应用

采用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术，研制出的抗衣原体单克隆抗体，应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法，对本地区所采得的231份猪血清，128份羊血清，90份牛血清进行检测，结果：猪血清阳性检出率为30．7％，羊为25．8％，牛为32．2％；选猪、羊、牛血清各50份，用已建立的检测衣原体抗体ELISA方法与的间接血凝试验（IHA）进行比较，猪血清ELISA阳性检出率为30％，IHA为26％，ELISA比IHA试验高出4个百分点。牛血清ELISA阳性检出率为32％，IHA为24％，ELISA比IHA试验高出8个百分点。羊血清ELISA阳性检出率为26％，IHA为22％，ELISA比IHA高出4个百分点。     

广西山羊蓝舌病、衣原体病的血清学调查

应用血清学方法，对广西6个地区的山羊群的6273份山羊血清蓝舌病、衣原体病的血清学调查。结果6个地区均有蓝舌病阳性羊检出，血清的阳性率为22．64％－40．67％，平均为31．70％；衣原体病除梧州地区外其余五个地区均有阳性羊检出，血清的阳性率为0．49％－2．82％，平均为1．10％，说明该区山羊群该两种疫病的感染情况比较严重。     

绵羊衣原体流产血清学调查

在黄南州四县４０个乡、场（次）采集绵羊血清２５０３份，用间接血凝试验检查衣原体抗体。结果：检出阳性血清４１５份，阳性率为１６．５８％。试验说明：黄南州境内绵羊衣原体流产分布地区广，感染率高，是引起绵羊流产的又一主要原因。     

猪衣原体病的血清学调查

应用间接血凝试验（IHA）对青海省西宁地区两个种猪场共164份血清样品，进行了猪衣原体病的血清学调查，结果阳性率为1．83％。     

易门县马驴衣原体病的感染情况调查

马、驴衣原体病是由鹦鹉热衣原体和沙眼衣原体引起的一类危害严重的自然疫源性人畜共患病。该病呈地方性流行，以流产和关节炎、结膜炎等多种炎症病型为主要特征，是造成云南畜牧业经济损失的主要病原。为了摸清易门县马、驴衣原体病的感染情况，以便提供有效防控措施，笔者于2013年9月至2014年2月，随机采取10份马血清和83份驴血清进行衣原体病血清学调查，结果如下。     

共和地区山羊衣原体病血清学检测

采用ＩＨＡ试验对青海省海南州共和地区４９只放牧山羊血清的衣原体抗体进行检测，检出阳性血清７份，阳性率为１４．３％。     

用ELISA检测接种猪瘟疫苗猪的血清抗体

用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测了接种猪瘟疫苗猪的血清抗体。共计４８６份猪血样,检测到血清抗体阳性者４４１份,阳性率为９０．７４％。同时对其中的１１１份血清进行了自然强毒血清抗体的检测,检测到强毒抗体阳性４份,阳性率为３．６０％。结果表明青海省猪瘟疫苗注射密度较高,但也反映出在青海省猪群中可能存在猪瘟自然强毒感染。     

免疫萤光技术检测禽用活疫苗中衣原体的污染

本文主要描术字用萤光抗体技术对４０批禽病疫苗，以不同的形式进行了检测。第一，取１０批新城疫疫苗，分别用ＮＤ阳性血清中和，接种鸡胚，并任取一批与１０＾－４稀释的衣原体混合后接种鸡胚，作为阳性对照；第二，取２０批禽病疫苗直接涂片检测同时设衣原体对照；第三，取１０批ＮＤ苗，用ＮＤ阳性血清中和，接种鸡胚，同时每批苗分别为１０＾－１４衣原体稀释液混合，接种鸡胚作对照，结果４０批疫苗均未检出阳性，衣原体对照均     

海北地区牦牛衣原体和布鲁氏菌病的血清学检测

2010-2012年期间,应用衣原体间接血凝试验和布鲁氏菌病试管凝集试验对采自海北州所属4县的部分牦牛血清进行了衣原体和布鲁氏菌病的检测,结果在3351份牦牛血清中,检出衣原体阳性血清94份,阳性率2.8％;另从采集的6303份牦牛血清样品,检出布鲁氏菌病阳性血清388份,阳性率6.15％.表明,海北州的牦牛群中存在衣原体病和布病的感染.     

Comparative studies on detection of Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydophila abortus in meat turkey flocks using cell culture, ELISA, and PCR

The prevalence of chlamydia in 10 meat turkey flocks was investigated. As samples served of each moment of collection and sex of the animals 10 cloacal swabs which were taken at the age of 1, 4, 8 and 12 (females) or 16 weeks (males) and at the time of slaughter at the age of 16 or 20 weeks. Spleen samples were taken at the time of slaughter, additionally. These were pooled making 1 pool out of 5 individual samples. The cloacal and spleen pools were examined by nested PCR (nPCR), Capture-ELISA and Capture Blocking-ELISA directly as well as after isolation attempts in cell cultures. The most sensitive method to detect chlamydia, with 6 isolates proved to be the isolation by cell culture followed by detection using nPCR. Not corresponding to the results of the nPCR were 4 positive reactions found by the Capture-ELISA which could in no case be affirmed by Capture-Blocking-ELISA. The direct examination of cloacal swab pools by nPCR proved positive in only 2 cases. In contrast to this the examination of these samples by Capture-ELISA showed a high percentage of 71.9% positive results, of which only 2 cases were confirmed by nPCR and none by Capture-Blocking-ELISA. Of the 8 Chlamydia positive results in the nPCR 7 could be classified by DNA sequencing to Cp. abortus and only one to Cp. psittaci.     

Use of the IDEIA ELISA to detect Chlamydia psittaci (ovis) in material from aborted fetal membranes and milk from ewes affected by ovine enzootic abortion

The IDEIA ELISA was used to detect Chlamydia psittaci (ovis) antigen in ewes' milk to which were added serial dilutions of chlamydiae titrated as inclusion forming units (ifus) in McCoy cell tissue culture. The test was able to detect as few as 35 ifus/ml of the organism. The ELISA was then used to detect chlamydial antigen in fetal membranes and milk from ewes clinically affected with ovine enzootic abortion (OEA). The results were compared with results of isolation of chlamydiae in McCoy cell tissue culture from the same material. The fetal membranes of 17 of 19 ewes were positive for chlamydia when tested with the ELISA but chlamydia could be cultured from only 15 of them. Milk samples from 26 ewes which had aborted between 1 and 34 days previously were tested: chlamydiae could not be cultured from any of them and only one was positive when tested by the ELISA. The results show that the IDEIA ELISA is a sensitive test for the detection of C. psittaci (ovis) antigens. The positive results to this test for the three samples from which chlamydiae could not be cultured suggest that the test is not as specific as culture or that it detected dead organisms. Chlamydiae do not appear to be excreted in the milk of ewes affected with OEA.     

Anti-chlamydial immunity in ewes conferred by vaccination with a combination of three live chlamydia, brucella and salmonella vaccines

Live attenuated vaccines against Chlamydia psittaci var ovis, Brucella melitensis and Salmonella abortus ovis have previously been shown to be compatible in mice by subcutaneous administration. Immunity against challenge with virulent chlamydia was, however, slightly decreased in associations including the B melitensis Rev 1 vaccine. The chlamydia strain 1B vaccine was administered to four- to five-month-old female lambs, either alone or in combination with the B melitensis Rev1 and the S abortus ovis Rv6 vaccines. Clinical, serological and bacteriological observations demonstrated the compatibility of the three vaccines. Control, singly and triply vaccinated ewes were challenged with a virulent strain of chlamydia during their second pregnancy, 15 months after vaccination. Five of the 12 control ewes lambed normally and 10 of them were infected, as shown by the excretion of the challenge chlamydia in genital secretions. Sixteen of the 17 ewes in the triple vaccine group lambed normally and none was infected. All 12 in the single vaccine group lambed normally and three of the 12 were infected. In spite of this unusually poor protection by the single vaccine, antichlamydial immunity was clearly not decreased by the association with the two other vaccines.     

Respiratory disease (rhinotracheitis) in turkeys in Brittany, France, 1981-1982. II. Laboratory findings

After discovering that numerous turkey flocks experiencing rhinotracheitis in Brittany, France, had antibodies against chlamydia, laboratory studies were conducted to determine whether chlamydia and/or viruses would explain the respiratory disease observed. Although both lentogenic paramyxoviruses of type 1 (Newcastle disease virus) and Chlamydia psittaci were isolated, it was concluded, based on epidemiologic and other laboratory findings, that C. psittaci was the primary cause of the disease.     

Identification of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in an emerald tree boa, Corallus caninus.

Tissues were evaluated from emerald tree boas, Corallus caninus, from a collection in which chlamydiosis was diagnosed. To determine the strain of chlamydia infecting these snakes, tissue samples from 5 frozen snakes were tested by a quantitative TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and a PCR sequence analysis test. Of the 22 samples tested, 9 were categorized as either positive or weakly positive with the TaqMan test, and 6 yielded an amplicon using a serial PCR test that amplified a portion of the 23S ribosomal RNA gene. A PCR product suitable for sequencing was obtained from the heart of one of the snakes. Sequence analysis showed that the snake had been infected with Chlamydophila pneumoniae. These findings show that C. pneumoniae can infect emerald tree boas, broadening the range of reptiles known to be infected by this primarily human pathogen.     

母猪衣原体性繁殖障碍的诊断与防制

通过流行病学调查，临床观察，病理解剖并结合包涵体检查和血清学调查等手段，对湖北、湖南、河南和江西等４个省的３５个猪场诊断出衣原体性繁殖障碍。采用及原体病间接血凝（ＩＨＡ）试验检测了５５４份猪血清抗衣原体抗体，总阳性率为５５．６９％。接不同猪群统计的阳性率：种公猪为７２．５０％；生产母猪为６１．９９％；仔猪为３９．３５％。当对疫场进行衣原体病灭活疫菌接种，在日粮中添加药物并对环境采取严格消毒等综合措施之后，均在３￣４周使疫性得以控制。