热应激对奶牛繁殖性能的影响及其防治措施

<正>热应激是造成炎热夏季奶牛繁殖性能降低的主要因素。今年入夏以来,我国内蒙古、黑龙江、陕西和河北等北方大部分地区持续高温天气,而广西和湖南等南方大部分地区持续多雨、高温高湿,对我国荷斯坦奶牛     

热应激对鸡生物学特性的影响

在高度集约化的畜牧业养殖中,为了最大限度地提高畜禽生产水平,增加经济效益,有时采用一些违背畜禽生理需求的生产工艺和技术,使畜禽处于或面临应激状态,在诸多因素引起的应激中热应激最为常见。我国大部分地区,尤其是南方地区,夏季往往会出现持续长达2～3个月的高温、高湿天气,禽舍内的温度持续不下,因而热应激是我国夏季养     

夏季猪场的饲养管理与疫病防控

正夏季持续高温、高湿、炎热等热应激环境,给养猪生产带来诸多问题,尤其四川省夏季高温、高湿,若不及时采取相应的综合预防措施,猪场很容易出现由热应激引起的各类疾病,发生各类人畜共患病及重大动物疫病,因此在夏季高温、高湿的环境下,加强猪场的饲养管理与疫病防控尤为重要。1夏季热应激对猪群的主要影响夏季高温、高湿、炎热的气候条件对各年龄段的猪只均有不同程度的影响,而且与应激源的强烈程度呈正相关。热应激产生的不良影响主要表现为公猪     

热应激对家禽的影响及防控

高密度的集约化养禽业使禽随时都可能导致应激的产生。在诸多的应激反应中，夏季高温引起的热应激对家禽产生的影响较大，持续的高温、高湿天气，鸡群受热应激的影响，采食量、产蛋率会严重降低。因此，在炎热天气必须注意对鸡舍防暑降温，加强饲养管理。     

夏季畜禽防暑降温的方法

夏季连续高温的天气，极易引起家畜、家禽的热应激，给养殖业带来不必要的经济损失。炎热的天气下，使畜禽体受高温的影响，采食量下降，体质减弱，再加上夏季蚊子、苍蝇等昆虫的大量滋生，加速了寄生虫和病原微生物的传播速度，极易引起疫病的暴发。因此，畜禽养殖在夏季炎热时节，除了要加强动物疫病的防控工作，还要做好畜禽防暑降温工作，确保养殖业健康稳定发展。     

热应激对家禽的危害及防制措施

夏季持续的高温、高湿天气,鸡群受热应激的影响,采食量、增重情况、产蛋率、繁殖力等会严重降低。因此,在炎热天气必须注意对鸡舍防暑降温,加强管理,调整营养及适当使用抗应激药物,确保鸡群安全度过夏天。1家禽生理特点与对高温的适应家禽具有体温高、代谢旺盛、无汗腺、羽毛厚     

夏季热应激对养猪的影响

夏季炎热、潮湿的天气又到来了，这是每个养猪生产者都头疼的季节。我国大部分地区，特别是华南和华中地区，夏天炎热，5-10月很容易出现热应激。热应激的出现导致生产量下降，给养猪经济效益带来很大影响。由于受高温、高湿等应激因素的影响，公猪精液品质下降；母猪采食量下降，返情率增加，弱仔、死胎上升，产活仔数减少：生长育肥猪采食量下降，增重减少。     

夏季畜禽防暑降温的方法

<正>夏季连续高温的天气,极易引起家畜、家禽的热应激,给养殖业带来不必要的经济损失。炎热的天气下,使畜禽体受高温的影响,采食量下降,体质减弱,再加上夏季蚊子、苍蝇等昆虫的大量滋生,加速了寄生虫和病原微生物的传播速度,极易引起疫病的暴发。因此,畜禽养殖在夏季炎热时节,除了要加强动物疫病的防控工作,还要做好畜禽防暑降温工作,确保养殖业健康稳定发展。1遮阳防晒畜禽舍内的温度主要是通过舍外的热量传入舍     

夏季热应激对猪的危害及应对措施

随着炎热夏季的到来,夏季高温是影响猪只健康和生产力的主要不利因素之一.高温高湿闷热天气,会使猪的免疫力下降,抵抗力减弱,易导致疾病发生.因此,针对猪发生热应激的原因采取通风、降温、改善饲养管理等相应的防控措施,改变猪舍内的小环境和改善猪体内的微环境,把夏季热应激对猪群的多种危害减小到最低程度,避免因热应激给猪场带来大的经济损失.     

夏季家禽热应激预防的措施

夏季已经来临，东北地区将迎来持续的高温、高湿天气。受热应激的影响，家禽的采食量、增重、产蛋率、繁殖力等都会受到严重影响。因此，在炎热的夏季必须加强鸡舍防暑降温工作，加强管理，适当应用抗应激药物，确保鸡群安全度过夏天。笔者经多年实践总结如下经验，供参考。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记与牦牛遗传育种研究

在归纳总结RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记技术的原理、优缺点的基础上,系统论述了其在牦牛遗传育种研究中的应用现状,并提出了个人的建议和看法。