探讨畜禽粪污处理的技术模式

<正>畜禽养殖粪污处理与综合利用技术模式有四种:一是种养结合。这是我国目前畜禽粪污处理的主要方式。养殖场采用干清粪或水泡粪方式收集粪污。采用干清粪方式的,固体粪便经过堆肥或其他无害化方式处理,污水与部分固体粪便进行厌氧发酵、氧化塘等处理,在养分管理的基础上,将有机肥、沼渣、沼液或肥水应用于大田作物、蔬     

畜禽养殖环境污染及其治理的基本途径——评《畜禽养殖废弃物综合处理利用技术》#br#

《畜禽养殖废弃物综合处理利用技术》一书是由彭国良联合广东科技出版社编著出版。本书重点介绍了畜禽养殖废弃物微量化技术、粪便处理技术、污水处理技术、废弃物资源化利用技术及养殖场主要利用模式，为畜禽养殖环境治理提供了有效途径。 《畜禽养殖废弃物综合处理利用技术》一书共分为7个章节，总的来说，可以将其归纳为3个部分。第一部分主要介绍了我国畜禽养殖废弃物的基本概况。先是介绍畜禽养殖及废弃物的内容，之后分析了畜禽养殖废弃物的特征，此外，针对畜禽养殖废弃物综合处理利用原则进行阐述。第二部分是以畜禽养殖废弃物的综合处理技术为主，也是本书的重点，共分为5个章节。第一章是介绍畜禽养殖废弃物的减量化技术，即畜禽养殖过程中的各个环节，通过减量技术的参与控制污染物的数量，以此对环境起到一定的保护作用。第二章对畜禽粪便处理技术展开详细分析。详细介绍粪便收集及粪便处理流程。第三章是概述污水处理技术。详细介绍清粪到污水的处理流程、意义。第四章是对病死畜禽无害化处理技术进行展开论述，提出焚烧法、深埋法、化石窖法及生物发酵法等多种方法。第五章对畜禽废弃物资源化利用技术进行了较为详细的编著。提出沼气利用、固态有机肥及沼液的利用、畜禽粪污土地承载力等利用技术。最后一部分是详细分析了畜禽养殖处理模式，包含9方面内容，分别是高床发酵免冲水生态养猪模式、微生物除臭+干清粪+沼气发酵养猪种菜零排放模式、干清粪+沼气发酵养猪种树零排放模式、水冲粪+沼气发酵循环用水养猪模式、干清粪+污水达标排放养猪模式、微生物除臭+干清粪+沼气发酵循环用水养猪模式、干清粪+SBR养鸡种树零排放模式、干清粪+沼气发酵达标排放养鸡模式、干清粪免冲水养鸡模式。将畜禽废弃物与种植、养殖有效的衔接在一起，通过零排放模式实现环境无污染。     

黑龙江省规模养殖场粪污防治技术的应用

正回顾人类几千年的养殖历史,畜禽粪污始终是农业生产的重要肥料资源。畜禽粪污是放错地方的宝贵资源,要坚持用循环经济的理念推进农牧结合,将畜禽粪污进行资源化利用。养殖场(小区)应因地制宜,合理选择粪污处理技术。有足够大的配套饲料地或周边农田面积充足的养殖场(小区),可以采取农牧结合的方式进行粪污处理;如果没有配套饲料地或周边农田面积不足(不允许施肥),建议采用干清粪方式,并将收集的粪便及时运送到贮存或处理场所,     

内乡县畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用情况调查报告

畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用是解决农村面源污染、转变畜牧业发展方式的一个重要手段。内乡县畜牧局通过对畜禽粪污多元利用机制的探索,总结出了包括粪污全量收集、粪便堆积发酵、粪水厌氧处理、牛粪制作草腐菌等在内的种养结合循环利用模式。特别是牧原公司通过三级干湿分离,粪便制作有机肥,沼液通过"猪-沼-果(田)""猪-沼-菜"等方式的循环利用模式被国家畜禽养殖废弃物利用科技创新联盟推广。以畜禽粪便为原料的第三方粪污处理中心也得到了进一步发展,全县基本上实现了粪污就近消纳和肥料化转化,实现了畜牧业可持续发展。     

畜牧

正山东禽畜粪便处理利用率达87.3%3月12日,从山东省畜牧兽医局获悉,2017年,山东畜禽粪便处理利用率达到87.3%,绿色发展全面兴起,生态建设进展明显。病死畜禽无害化处理体系基本建立,禁养区规模养殖场户关闭搬迁基本完成。畜禽粪污资源化利用方面,截至2017年底,全省养殖污水处理利用率67.9%,畜禽粪污综合利用率达到79.7%,规模养殖场(小区)粪污     

吉林省农业农村打造畜牧业养殖新技术新模式

正为加大畜禽粪污资源化利用力度,近2年来,吉林省先后争取国家整县推进畜禽粪污资源化利用试点项目5个,资金总额达2.82亿元,重点围绕畜牧业绿色发展,主推"五型"畜禽粪污资源化利用技术。固体粪便堆肥利用。以生猪、肉羊、家禽等规模养殖场为重点,采用干清粪方式,对固体粪便进行好氧堆肥发酵无害化处理,就地就近还田利用。对收集的     

山东畜禽粪污资源化利用产业投资优势分析

本文就山东畜禽粪污染资源化利用产业投资情况作一简要分析。1山东畜禽粪污资源化利用目标及措施1.1畜禽粪污资源化利用目标到2020年,山东固体粪便利用率达到90%,污水利用率达到63%,粪污利用率达到81%。规模化畜禽养殖场区全部配套建设粪污贮存、处理、利用设施并正常运行,或者委托第三方处理企业、社会化服务组织对畜禽粪污代为综合利用和无害化处理;大型规模养殖场粪污处理设施装备配套率提前一年达到100%,畜牧大县、国家现代农业示范区、农业可持续发展试验示范区和现代农业产业园率先实现上述目标。     

畜禽粪污资源化利用及污染防治技术浅析

针对当前畜禽养殖过程中存在的畜禽粪污问题，为降低其对生态环境的污染影响，应将畜禽粪污进行资源化利用，并实施有效的污染防治措施。在畜禽粪便处理时可以利用栽培基质、垫料发酵床养殖、粪便垫料利用、粪污厌氧处理等技术将其资源化利用。通过加强绿色畜禽养殖技术宣教、加强畜禽粪污处理、从粗放管理向规范管理转变等措施能够有效降低畜禽粪污污染。     

施正香(中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院教授):畜禽场粪污综合治理与资源化利用技术思考

<正>施教授在会上作了《畜禽场粪污综合治理与资源化利用技术思考》的报告。她指出,我国畜禽场粪污的特点为数量大(全国畜禽粪便年排放量已超过40亿吨),臭味重,有机物含量过高(造成环境污染)。从总体来说,我国养殖业与环保相关的问题有两个方面:一是自身养殖场环保的问题没有解决好。如养殖工艺、养殖方式落后,清粪工艺与后续粪污处理工艺不匹配,粪污处理工艺选择不合理,处理运行成本过高,作业环境差,     

UASB+活性污泥氧化池技术在猪场污水处理上运行效果分析

正《畜禽规模养殖污染防治条例》和《河北省2017年度水污染防治工作实施方案》,明确要求对畜禽粪污资源化利用。由于其污水产生量大、处理困难,成为畜禽养殖污染治理的关键。河北某猪场采用干清粪工艺,日产污水100立方米左右,污水处理场采用UASB+活性污泥氧化池处理技术。本研究对其运行效果进行分析,主要包括了解猪场污水处理场基本情况、污水处理效果以及成本的情况等。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.