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通过对湖北蕲州、河北安国、河南安阳、甘肃天水四个产地艾叶(艾绒、艾渣)的挥发油成分及相应产地艾条燃烧温度的比较,探讨影响艾条质量的因素。将上述产地艾叶分别制成叶绒比为10∶1的艾绒,并收集艾渣。利用水蒸气蒸馏法分别提取艾绒、艾渣挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析挥发油成分;另将上述艾绒分别制成艾条,利用温度记录仪记录艾条燃烧温度曲线。结果表明,上述四个产地艾绒挥发油分别鉴定出10种、31种、21种、19种化合物,艾渣挥发油分别鉴定出28种、33种、31种、22种化合物;四个产地艾条燃烧平均温度(中心点、边缘点、半径中点)分别为(533.7±18.9)℃、(463.1±146.2)℃、(524.1±48.6)℃、(439.1±116.7)℃;持续时间分别为(80.7±14.7)min、(60.3±18.9)min、(57.7±11.1)min、(39.5±11.8)min。结果提示,艾绒与艾渣中挥发油成分种类、含量均有差异,不同产地艾绒或艾渣挥发油中所含成分种类、含量均有差异;湖北蕲州艾绒中挥发油种类... 相似文献
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研究探讨利用傅里叶红外光谱技术(FT-IR)结合现代计算机智能辅助解析技术,即现代FT-IR技术,对兽用固体制剂生产过程中关键环节进行物料快速质量检测、监控,及时反映生产状况,探讨制剂生产过程的在线质量控制的必要性和可行性,以此提高兽用制剂质量的安全性、有效性、稳定可靠性。 相似文献
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艾叶挥发油对小鼠生理生化指标影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以昆明系小鼠为研究对象,采用灌胃法给予不同荆量艾叶挥发油乳剂,观察不同剂量艾叶挥发油对小鼠生理生化指标的影响。试验结果表明,艾叶挥发油对小鼠14项血常规的大多数指标无影响,但中剂量组红细胞总数显著增加,红细胞压积升高。艾叶挥发油对生化指标作用显著,与对照组相比,各试验组AKP活性显著提高(P〈0.01);中、高剂量组TP、ALB含量显著增加(P〈0.05);高剂量组溶菌酶含量和SOD活性显著提高(P〈0.05)。说明艾叶挥发油能提高肝脏合成蛋白质的功能,改善动物机体的代谢水平和抗氧化作用。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1 材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5~ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2 结果和讨论2 .1 睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果 见表 1。表 1 獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标 μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管… 相似文献
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Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process. 相似文献