饲料中血球蛋白粉替代鱼粉对金鲫鱼生长和饲料利用的影响

旨在评价金鲫鱼饲料中血球蛋白粉替代鱼粉的应用效果。采用常规方法测定并比较血球蛋白粉和鱼粉的主要营养成分和必需氨基酸组成;将27尾金鲫鱼随机分为3组,分别为试验1组(血球蛋白粉添加比例为0,鱼粉添加比例为50%)、试验2组(血球蛋白粉添加比例为15.5%,鱼粉添加比例为25.0%)、试验3组(血球蛋白粉添加比例为35.8%,鱼粉添加比例为0),测定并比较各组金鲫鱼的生长和饲料利用相关指标。结果表明,当饲料中血球蛋白粉的添加比例为15.5%时,对金鲫鱼的增重率、特定生长率及饲料系数无显著影响(P0.05)。利用一定比例的血球蛋白粉替代鱼粉不会显著影响金鲫鱼的生长及其对饲料的利用效率,同时可以节约饲料成本。     

喷雾干燥破膜血球蛋白粉替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

试验采用单因子试验设计,选择60头(28±2)日龄断奶、体重(7.36±0.73)kg二元杂交仔猪,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪,分别饲喂用0、1%、1.5%血球蛋白粉等蛋白质取代仔猪饲粮中鱼粉的饲粮,研究血球蛋白粉部分替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。通过28d的试验表明,添加1.5%和1%血球蛋白粉组,与对照组相比可以提高平均日增重、降低料重比和腹泻率。血球蛋白粉可部分替代鱼粉,且对仔猪的生长性能有一定的促进作用,节约饲料成本,提高经济效益。     

草鱼对四种高蛋白饲料原料的离体消化分析

试验采用离体消化法研究草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)对糖蜜酵母、血球蛋白粉、鱼粉和肉骨粉的消化能力。草鱼对4种高蛋白饲料原料干物质的离体消化率为血球蛋白粉(36.80%)>糖蜜酵母(31.14%)>鱼粉(26.10%)>肉骨粉(9.40%);对4种高蛋白饲料原料蛋白质的离体消化率为糖蜜酵母(56.12%)>血球蛋白粉(43.63%)>肉骨粉(30.38%)>鱼粉(26.62%);氨基酸生成量为糖蜜酵母的水溶氨基酸生成率明显高于其它3种,差异极显著,鱼粉的水溶氨基酸生成量略高于血球蛋白粉和肉骨粉,但差异不显著。试验结果表明,在水产饲料中这4种高蛋白饲料原料部分替代鱼粉是可行的。     

草鱼对血球蛋白粉离体消化的研究

试验采用体外消化法研究草鱼(Ctenopharyngodonidella)对血球蛋白粉、普通血粉、红鱼粉和白鱼粉的消化能力。草鱼对4种饲料原料的离体消化率为:血球蛋白粉88.00%、白鱼粉77.48%、红鱼粉70.56%、普通血粉35.42%。结果表明,血球蛋白粉部分替代鱼粉在水产饲料中作为饲用蛋白是可行的。     

异育银鲫对十种常用饲料原料离体消化率的测定

利用异育银鲫(allogynogenetic crucian carp)的肠道为消化酶酶源,采用离体消化率的测定方法,分别测定了米糠、麦芽根、血粉、豆粕、花生粕、花生饼、棉粕、菜粕、玉米蛋白粉、鱼粉的离体消化率。异育银鲫对10种饲料原料的蛋白质消化率分别为:花生饼43.38%、玉米蛋白粉41.27%、米糠39.72%、血粉37.20%、花生粕36.85%、棉粕35.60%、鱼粉33.87%、豆粕32.69%、菜粕32.10%、麦芽根21.28%。试验结果表明:血粉、花生粕、花生饼、棉粕、玉米蛋白粉作为优质的高蛋白饲料原料替代或部分替代鱼粉在异育银鲫饲料配方中使用是可行的。     

血球蛋白对鲤幼鱼消化酶活性和免疫参数的影响

文章研究了用不同比例血球蛋白替代鱼粉对鲤幼鱼肝胰脏和肠道主要消化酶(蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶)活性和血清溶菌酶活力的影响。结果显示,血球蛋白可以显著降低鲤幼鱼肝胰脏蛋白酶活力(P0.05);对肠道蛋白酶活力的影响不显著(P0.05),但酶活力呈上升趋势。可以显著降低鲤幼鱼肝胰脏淀粉酶活力(P0.05);对肠道淀粉酶活力影响不显著(P0.05),但酶活力呈上升趋势。对鲤幼鱼肝胰脏和肠道的脂肪酶活力影响均不显著(P0.05)。对鲤幼鱼溶菌酶活力影响不显著(P0.05)。可以得出,用血球蛋白替代2%~8%的鱼粉饲养鲤幼鱼没有很大的负面影响,血球蛋白是一种很好的鱼粉替代品。     

酶解鸡骨蛋白粉对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、体组成和消化酶活性的影响

研究饲料中添加酶解鸡骨蛋白粉替代鱼粉对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)幼鱼生长、体组成成分和主要消化酶活性的影响。以鱼粉和豆粕为主要蛋白源制成对照饲料,以酶解鸡骨蛋白粉分别替代10%、20%、40%和60%鱼粉制成替代饲料。大菱鲆幼鱼初始平均体重为(96.75±0.03)g,试验周期为10周。结果表明,随着酶解鸡骨蛋白粉添加量的升高,鱼的增重率下降,与对照组相比,10%替代组鱼的增重率差异不显著(P>0.05),20%~60%替代组显著降低鱼的增重率(P<0.05);40%和60%替代组显著降低鱼的日摄食率(P<0.05),20%~60%替代组显著降低饲料效率(P<0.05)。酶解鸡骨蛋白粉对大菱鲆鱼体的水分含量、粗蛋白质含量、灰分含量、肥满度指数、内脏指数和肝体比没有显著影响(P>0.05),显著降低鱼体的粗脂肪含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,20%~60%酶解鸡骨蛋白粉替代组显著降低大菱鲆的肝、胃和肠蛋白酶活力和肝脂肪酶活力,10%~60%替代组显著降低鱼的肝淀粉酶活力(P<0.05)。酶解鸡骨蛋白粉可替代大菱鲆饲料中10%鱼粉而不影响其生长和饲料效率。     

饲料中玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对黄鳝生长性能和血清生理生化指标的影响

文章旨在研究用不同添加水平玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对黄鳝生长性能和免疫的影响,以便确定最合适的玉米蛋白粉添加比例.试验饲料用添加不同比例(0、20％、40％、60％、80％和100％)的玉米蛋白粉替代饲料中鱼粉,配制为6种等氮黄鳝试验配合饲料,饲喂黄鳝8周.结果显示:当玉米蛋白粉替代水平为20％时,黄鳝增重率显著高于对照组(...     

玉米蛋白粉和鱼粉对异育银鲫适口性的比较研究

用面粉、不同水平的鱼粉(5%、10%、15%)和12.5%的α-淀粉制备成对照饲料;用面粉、不同水平的玉米蛋白粉(5%、10%、15%)和12.5%的α-淀粉制备成试验饲料,采用摄食行为法比较玉米蛋白粉和鱼粉对异育银鲫的适口性差异,在此基础上,研究鱿鱼膏(0.5%、0.8%、1.0%)、蛋白浆(2%、4%、6%)对玉米蛋白粉适口性的影响.T检验表明,10%与15%的鱼粉对异育银鲫的适口性极显著高于同水平的玉米蛋白粉(P<0.01),鱼粉和玉米蛋白粉均为5%时适口性无显著差异(P>0.05).当玉米蛋白粉的用量为5%时,添加鱿鱼膏(0.5%、0.8%、1.0%)、蛋白浆(4%、6%)均能使玉米蛋白粉的适口性显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);当玉米蛋白粉用量为10%时,添加鱿鱼膏(0.5%、0.8%、1.0%)、6%的蛋白浆均能使玉米蛋白粉的适口性显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01).当玉米蛋白粉用量为15%时,添加以上诱食剂对提高玉米蛋白粉的适口性均无显著效果.     

发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标及肝脏中类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ基因表达的影响

本试验旨在研究发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和肝脏中类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)基因相对表达量的影响,以确定黄姑鱼幼鱼饲料中发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的适宜比例。试验首先以秘鲁鱼粉、豆粕、小麦蛋白粉为主要蛋白质源,鱼油、大豆油和大豆卵磷脂为主要脂肪源,配制含45%鱼粉的基础饲料,然后以发酵豆粕替代基础饲料中0(FSM0组,作为对照组)、10%(FSM10组)、20%(FSM20组)、30%(FSM30组)、40%(FSM40组)和50%(FSM 50组)的鱼粉,并在除对照组外的各组饲料中添加适量赖氨酸和蛋氨酸,以保持各组赖氨酸和蛋氨酸含量的一致,共配制6种等氮(蛋白质水平为50%)等脂(脂肪水平为12%)的试验饲料。选取初始体重为(31.24±0.02)g的黄姑鱼幼鱼360尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾,养殖试验持续8周。结果表明:FSM10、FSM20和FSM30组黄姑鱼幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率和饲料系数与对照组相比没有显著性差异(P0.05),而FSM40和FSM50组黄姑鱼幼鱼的增重率和特定生长率显著低于对照组(P0.05),饲料系数显著高于对照组(P0.05);各组黄姑鱼幼鱼的成活率无显著性差异(P0.05)。发酵豆粕替代不同比例鱼粉对黄姑鱼幼鱼的肝体比、脏体比和肥满度没有产生显著性影响(P0.05)。FSM40和FSM50组黄姑鱼幼鱼血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著高于其他组(P0.05),且FSM50组黄姑鱼幼鱼血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著高于对照组和FSM10组(P0.05)。FSM50组黄姑鱼幼鱼肝脏中IGF-Ⅰ基因相对表达量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。综合各指标,本试验条件下,发酵豆粕替代饲料中20%~30%的鱼粉较为适宜,过高的替代比例会降低黄姑鱼幼鱼的生长性能和饲料利用率。     

Comparison of spray-dried blood meal and blood cells in diets for nursery pigs

We used a total of 680 pigs to compare spray-dried blood meal and blood cells in nursery diets. In Exp. 1, 350 barrows (17 +/- 2 d of age at weaning) were used to compare three levels of spray-dried blood meal or blood cells (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%) in the diet fed from d 5 to 19 postweaning (6.6 to 9.9 kg). Inclusion of either blood product improved ADG (P < 0.005) and G:F (P < 0.001) compared to pigs fed the control diet without added blood products. However, pigs fed spray-dried blood meal had greater ADG (P < 0.001), ADFI (P < 0.04), and G:F (P < 0.001) from d 0 to 7 compared to those fed blood cells. The greatest differences observed between the two blood products occurred at the 5 and 7.5% inclusion levels. No differences (P > 0.05) in growth performance were detected between the two blood products from d 7 to 14. In Exp. 2, 380 barrows (initial BW of 10.7 kg and 41 +/- 2 d of age) were used to determine lysine bioavailability of spray-dried blood meal and blood cells via the slope ratio procedure. With G:F ratio as the response criterion, blood meal and blood cells had similar lysine bioavailability relative to crystalline lysine. These experiments indicate that both blood products had similar lysine bioavailability, and that pigs fed spray-dried blood meal had greater performance during the initial 7 d (d 5 to 12 after weaning). However, as the pigs became heavier, there were no differences observed in performance of pigs fed either blood meal or blood cells.     

Chemical composition, protein quality, palatability, and digestibility of alternative protein sources for dogs

The chemical composition and protein quality of 11 alternative protein sources (chicken products, blood products, enzyme-hydrolyzed fish protein concentrate, soybean meal, and spray-dried pork liver) were determined, and an experiment was conducted to determine palatability and digestibility of processed red blood cell-containing diets. Chicken protein sources differed in concentrations of CP, acid-hydrolyzed fat, and total AA (TAA) by 20, 31, and 24%, respectively, and GE by 1.7 kcal/g. Blood protein sources varied little in acid-hydrolyzed fat and GE concentrations, but concentrations of CP and TAA differed by 11 and 8%, respectively. Protein solubility of chicken and blood protein source categories averaged 57 and 69%, respectively. Protein solubility of enzyme-hydrolyzed fish protein concentrate, soybean meal, and spray-dried pork liver was 53, 67, and 26%, respectively. Based on calculations from immobilized digestive enzyme assay values, lysine digestibility averaged approximately 80.4 and 81.7% for blood and chicken protein sources, respectively. Lysine digestibility values for soybean meal and spray-dried pork liver were 89 and 77%, respectively. A chick protein efficiency ratio (PER) assay showed that chicken protein sources had high protein quality values, as the PER ranged from 2.7 to 5.3, whereas blood protein sources had poor protein quality (PER values less than 1.5). Enzyme-hydrolyzed fish protein concentrate, spray-dried pork liver, and soybean meal had high protein quality (PER values greater than 2.8). In the dog palatability and digestibility experiments, a corn and chicken-based diet supplemented with either 0 or 3% processed red blood cells was tested. The palatability test showed that dogs consumed more of the diet that contained 0% vs. 3% processed red blood cells. The intake ratio for the 3% processed red blood cells diet was 0.34. Nutrient digestibilities did not differ, except for CP, where the digestibility was greater (P = 0.01) for dogs consuming the 0% processed red blood cells diet. These data suggest that chemical composition and quality of alternative protein sources differ greatly among ingredients within the same category. Palatability data suggest that a processed red blood cells-containing diet is not highly palatable but, when this diet was offered as only one food, dogs demonstrated no aversion response but some decrease in protein digestion.     

Nutritional value of fish meals in the diet for young pigs

A series of three experiments was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of fish meals as protein sources in young pigs' diets. Four fish meals (menhaden; mackerel, dried at 85 degrees C and 70 degrees C; and herring, dried at 70 degrees C) were tested. For the first experiment, eight pigs (2 wk old) were surgically fitted with ileal cannulas and used to measure apparent digestibility of the fish meals over the age period of 3 to 7 wk. Compared with menhaden fish meal, mackerel and herring fish meals yielded higher (P < 0.05) ileal digestibility values for threonine, serine, alanine, valine, histidine, lysine, and arginine and also for the average of all amino acids. Ileal digestibility was increased (P < 0.05) as pigs grew. For the second experiment, four different diets each containing different fish meals were fed to 120 pigs to evaluate growth performance over the age period of 3 to 7 wk. Average daily gain was higher (P < 0.07) in pigs fed diets containing either mackerel or herring fish meal than in pigs fed menhaden fish meal during 3 to 5 wk of age and was highest (P < 0.07) in pigs fed a diet containing mackerel fish meal during 5 to 6 wk of age. Gain/feed was higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed diets containing mackerel and herring fish meals than in pigs fed menhaden fish meal. Mackerel dried at 70 degrees C showed the highest value from the previous two experiments and was chosen to measure the relative bioavailability in comparison to spray-dried porcine plasma. A classical slope-ratio design was used to measure relative bioavailability of mackerel fish meal compared to porcine plasma protein. This study showed that mackerel dried at 70 degrees C can replace spray-dried porcine plasma with the same bioavailability during d 17 to 29 postpartum with additional crystalline lysine and amino acid supplementation to match amino acid profile of the spray-dried porcine plasma.     

Feeding value of an enzymatically digested protein for early-weaned pigs

Weanling pigs were used in a series of studies to determine the feeding value of an enzymatically digested protein product developed from a blend of swine and poultry abattoir by-products. The initial study used 156 pigs weaned at approximately 22 d of age to compare the product with menhaden fish meal in Phase II diets. The product supported equal growth rate, and there was no preference for diet exhibited based on inclusion level of the enzymatically digested protein product. The second study used 100 pigs weaned at approximately 21 d of age to compare the product with spray-dried animal blood cells in Phase II diets. The product supported a growth rate equal to that with the blood cells, and the combination of products enhanced growth rate (P<.05). The third study used 265 pigs to compare the product with spray-dried porcine plasma in a slope ratio growth assay. Results demonstrated a relative feeding value of 91% for the product over a 4-wk feeding period. The fourth study used 290 pigs to compare the product with spray-dried porcine plasma in Phase II diets; results demonstrated comparable growth performance. The final study used 180 pigs to compare the product with spray-dried porcine plasma in Phase I diets; results demonstrated comparable growth performance. These data indicate that the enzymatically digested abattoir by-product is a high-quality protein source for weanling pigs.     

3种蛋白质饲料对雏鹅血清生化指标及激素的影响

选取体重为(78.68±2.95)g的28日龄豁眼鹅300只,采用3处理5重复单因子完全随机设计,研究3%的3种蛋白质饲料(血粉、膨化血粉和鱼粉)对雏鹅血清生化指标及激素的影响。结果显示:1)鱼粉组的ALT、TP、ALB和AST显著高于血粉组(P<0.05),与膨化血粉组差异不显著(P>0.05);膨化血粉组的ALT、TP和ALB与血粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),而AST显著高于血粉组(P<0.05);各试验组间的血清GLOB含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)鱼粉组的INS显著高于血粉组和膨化血粉组(P<0.05);鱼粉组的TSH和T3水平显著高于血粉组(P<0.05),但与膨化血粉组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);各试验组的血清GLU、GH、T4和IGF-I水平差异不显著(P>0.05)。研究结果表明,在雏鹅日粮中可用膨化血粉部分取代鱼粉,且其效果要明显优于普通血粉。     

植物蛋白小肽对哺乳仔猪血液生化指标和肠道微生物区系影响的研究

本文旨在研究植物蛋白小肽对哺乳仔猪血液生化指标和肠道微生物区系的影响。试验选用(7±2)日龄的PIC五元杂交系哺乳仔猪400头,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ4个组,每组10个重复,每个重复10头猪。各组日粮为在玉米-豆粕型基础日粮的基础上分别添加2%鱼粉、2%血浆蛋白粉、2%植物蛋白小肽和4%植物蛋白小肽。试验自7日龄补饲开始至21日龄断奶结束。试验结束时,每组选取体格中等的3头仔猪,进行前腔静脉采血和屠宰试验。研究结果表明:(1)日粮中添加4%的植物蛋白小肽可以显著提高哺乳仔猪血糖浓度、血清总蛋白浓度(P<0.05),降低血清尿素氮的含量(P<0.05);(2)日粮中添加4%的植物蛋白小肽或2%的血浆蛋白粉可以显著提高血清中IgG的水平;(3)哺乳仔猪日粮中添加4%的植物蛋白小肽可以显著降低大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量,同时显著提高盲肠中乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05)。     

Effects of blood meal pH and irradiation on nursery pig performance

A total of 720 nursery pigs in three experiments were used to evaluate the effects of blood meal with different pH (a result of predrying storage time) and irradiation of spray-dried blood meal in nursery pig diets. In Exp. 1, 240 barrows and gilts (17 +/- 2 d of age at weaning) were used to determine the effects of blood meal pH (7.4 to 5.9) in diets fed from d 10 to 31 postweaning (7.0 to 16.3 kg of BW). Different lots of dried blood meal were sampled to provide a range in pH. Overall (d 0 to 21), pigs fed diets containing blood meal had greater ADG (P < 0.05) and ADFI (P < 0.05) than pigs fed diets without blood meal. Ammonia concentrations in blood meal rose as pH decreased. However, blood meal pH did not influence (P > 0.16) ADG, ADFI, or gain:feed (G:F). In Exp. 2, 180 barrows (17 +/- 2 d of age at weaning) were used to determine the effects of post drying pH (7.6 to 5.9) and irradiation (gamma ray, 9.5 kGy) of blood meal on growth performance of nursery pigs from d 5 to 19 postweaning (6.8 to 10.1 kg of BW). One lot of whole blood was isolated with 25% of the total lot dried on d 0, 3, 8, and 12 after collection to create a range in pH. Overall, pigs fed blood meal had improved G:F (P < 0.01) compared to pigs fed the control diet. Similar to Exp. 1, the ammonia concentration of blood meal increased with decreasing pH. Blood meal pH did not influence ADG, ADFI, or G:F (P > 0.21), but pigs fed irradiated blood meal (pH 5.9) had greater ADG and G:F (P < 0.05) than pigs fed nonirradiated blood meal (pH 5.9). In Exp. 3, 300 barrows (17 +/- 6 d of age at weaning) were used to determine the effects of blood meal irradiation source (gamma ray vs. electron beam) and dosage (2.5 to 20.0 kGy) on growth performance of nursery pigs from d 4 to 18 postweaning (8.7 to 13.2 kg of BW). Overall, the mean of all pigs fed blood meal did not differ in ADG, ADFI, or G:F (P > 0.26) compared to pigs fed the control diet without blood meal. Pigs fed irradiated blood meal had a tendency (P < 0.10) for increased G:F compared with pigs fed nonirradiated blood meal. No differences in growth performance were detected between pigs fed blood meal irradiated by either gamma ray or electron beam sources (P > 0.26) or dosage levels (P > 0.11). These studies suggest that pH alone as an indicator of blood meal quality is not effective and irradiation of blood meal improved growth performance in nursery pigs.     

Use of pet food-grade poultry by-product meal as an alternate protein source in weanling pig diets

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate pet food-grade poultry by-product meal (PBM) as a replacement protein source for fish meal (FM), blood meal (BM), and spray-dried plasma protein (SDPP) in weanling pig diets. In the first study, 200 crossbred pigs (initial BW = 6.5 kg) were weaned (21 d) and randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments, which included a control and three test diets where PBM was substituted for FM, blood products, or both. Experimental diets were fed during Phase I (d 0 to 5 postweaning) and Phase II (d 5 to 19), and a common Phase III diet was fed from d 19 to 26. Overall (d 0 to 26), there was no difference in performance of pigs fed PBM in place of the other ingredients. However, during Phase I, BW (P < 0.05), ADG (P < 0.02), and intake (P < 0.001) in pigs fed diets containing SDPP were greater than those fed diets with PBM. In Exp. 2, the performance of pigs (n = 100, initial BW = 6.5 kg) fed diets containing 20% PBM (as-fed basis, replacing SDPP, BM, FM, and a portion of the soybean meal) in all phases of the nursery diet was compared with a group fed conventional diets without PBM. There were no differences in overall performance (d 0 to 26); however, ADG (P < 0.10) and feed intake were higher (P < 0.01) for pigs fed the conventional diet than for pigs fed the 20% PBM diet during Phase I (d 0 to 5). Experiment 3 was a slope-ratio assay to determine the ability of PBM to replace SDPP. A total of 320 pigs (initial BW = 7.32 kg) was weaned (21 d) and allotted to five treatment groups in three trials in a blocked design with product (SDPP or PBM) as the first factor, and lysine level (1.08, 1.28, 1.49%; as-fed basis) as the second factor. Growth rate increased with increasing lysine (P < 0.05), regardless of the source. These results indicate that PBM can be used in nursery diets in place of blood meal and fish meal without affecting performance. Furthermore, although feeding PBM in Phase I diets was not equivalent to SDPP during the first week, there was no overall difference in performance at the end of the nursery phase.     

不同蛋白质饲料对肥育鹅表观代谢率和血清生化指标的研究

选取体重为(2412.85±68.37)g的56日龄豁眼鹅300只,采用3处理5重复单因子完全随机设计,研究3种蛋白质饲料(血粉、膨化血粉和鱼粉各3%)对肥育鹅营养物质的表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响。结果显示:①鱼粉组营养物质的代谢率略高于膨化血粉组,但差异不显著(P0.05);膨化血粉组和鱼粉组NDF、EE、CP的表观代谢3指标显著高于血粉组(P0.05);鱼粉组CF、ADF、ME的表观代谢率显著高于血粉组(P0.05)。②鱼粉组丙氨酸转氨酶、天门冬氨酸转氨酶、白蛋白、球蛋白和总蛋白5指标和膨化血粉组相比差异均不显著(P0.05),但显著高于血粉组(P0.05)(除球蛋白外);膨化血粉组丙氨酸转氨酶和天门冬氨酸转氨酶显著高于血粉组(P0.05)。研究结果表明,膨化血粉在肥育鹅日粮中可以代替相同水平的鱼粉,且其效果要明显优于普通血粉。     

不同蛋白源对生长鹅营养物质代谢及血清生化指标的影响

为了研究等比例的鱼粉、膨化血粉和普通血粉对生长鹅日粮营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响,选择了300只28日龄、体重(1 142.68±50.64)g的豁眼鹅,随机分为3组,每组设5个重复,每个重复20只鹅,进行为期28 d的饲养试验。结果表明:各饲粮营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的高低顺序为鱼粉组>膨化血粉组>血粉组,在鱼粉组和膨化血粉组间差异不显著(P>0.05);鱼粉组和膨化血粉的NDF、ADF、CP、E的表观代谢率,血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、白蛋白(ALB)含量均显著高于血粉组(P<0.05);总蛋白(TP)含量,鱼粉组显著高于血粉组(P<0.05),而膨化血粉组和血粉组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合各项指标,本试验条件下,可用3.0%膨化血粉替代相同水平的鱼粉用于豁眼生长鹅的日粮中。