猪李氏杆菌病的病原分离鉴定与药敏试验

为确诊发生脑膜炎的死亡仔猪病例,对病原进行了分离鉴定和筛选敏感药物试验。采用分离培养、染色镜检与纯培养、动物试验、生化试验等方法分离鉴定病原,并用纸片扩散法筛选敏感药物。试验结果表明,分离菌的生化特性、培养特性、溶血性等符合单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌的病原特性,确诊为猪李氏杆菌病;分离菌株对丁胺卡那霉素、头孢噻呋、万古霉素、四环素高度敏感;对土霉素、多黏菌素、磺胺类药物、新霉素耐药。     

鸵鸟大肠杆菌病的诊治及致病性大肠杆菌O_(101)的分离与鉴定

河北省某鸵鸟场5月龄的小鸟发生了腹泻死亡的疾病,经尸体剖检、病原分离鉴定及药物治疗确诊为鸵鸟大肠杆菌病。利用敏感药物防治很快控制了疫情。分离到的大肠杆菌血清型为O_(101)。     

黄颡鱼链球菌病病原分离鉴定与防治

贵州省某养殖场饲养的黄颡鱼出现以嘴、腹部、胸部、尾部等皮肤溃疡为特征的传染性疾病,为了查明本次疫病发生的原因,对送检的病、死鱼进行细菌分离培养,并将分离到的细菌进行PCR特异性检测、生理生化、动物感染、药物敏感性等试验。结果表明:本次发生疫病的主要原因是链球菌感染,通过药物敏感性试验结果,选择敏感性较高的药物进行治疗,使疫情得到了有效控制。     

獭兔大肠杆菌性出血肺炎的诊治

对临床上突然死亡、肺严重出血的獭兔进行了病原分离、生化试验、血清型鉴定、致病性试验,证明所分离病原为致病性大肠杆菌Ｏ５５和Ｏ８０,并选用敏感药物进行预防,有效地控制了疾病发生。     

锦州地区鸡传染性鼻炎的流行病学调查

对发生过鸡传染性鼻炎的8个鸡场,从病史调查、现场调查、临床检查、病理剖检、细菌分离鉴定、血清定型、动物致病性试验、药物敏感试验以及防治等方面进行了较为详细的研究。结果表明,锦州地区鸡传染性鼻炎的发病率为5.2%～40.7%,死亡率约为1%～3%。分离获得8株副鸡嗜血杆菌,血清型主要为A型,个别为C型,未发现B型。不同时间分离的副鸡嗜血杆菌对抗菌药物的敏感性不同。     

猪化脓性干酪性关节炎的细菌学诊断

从某猪场发生一种以脓性、干酪性关节炎为特征的病例中,经细菌学检查,分离到数株Ｇ棒状细菌鉴定为化脓放线菌。对分离菌进行了药物敏感性试验,人和动物红细胞溶血试验及小白鼠致病性试验。     

兽药的常见配伍禁忌

1 物理性 物理性配伍禁忌主要外观发生了变化,常见的分离、沉淀、潮解、液化几种.分离指2种性状比重不同的溶剂配伍出现分层现象,应注意药物的溶解特点,避免水溶剂与油剂的配伍.沉淀指配伍时出现溶质析出产生沉淀,这种现象既影响药物的剂量又影响药物的应用.潮解指含结晶水的药物配伍时其中的结晶水被析出,而使固体药物变成半固体或成糊状,如碳酸钠与醋酸铅共同研磨,即发生此种变化.     

猪丹毒丝菌河南株的分离鉴定

为了探明河南省原阳县某大型规模化养猪场育肥猪发生急性死亡的病因,采集病死猪的肺、心血、关节液、脑等组织进行了细菌的分离鉴定、血清型鉴定、药敏试验以及动物试验。结果从该猪场病死猪心血中分离到猪丹毒丝菌,血清型为1a型,分离的猪丹毒丝菌对阿莫西林、头孢哌酮、青霉素最为敏感,其次对头孢唑林、头孢拉啶、氨苄西林、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松等药物敏感。该分离菌对仔猪具有强毒力,采用敏感药物治疗和疫苗免疫结合的方法使疫情得到了有效控制。     

犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验

文章为了解甘肃某规模化牛场导致犊牛腹泻发生的致病菌并对其临床常规用药的耐药性,试验采用常规培养、革兰染色镜检和生化试验等方法对致病菌进行分离鉴定,利用药物纸片琼脂扩散法对分离的菌株进行药敏试验。试验结果表明,引起牛场犊牛腹泻的主要致病菌为大肠杆菌;对头孢哌酮和头孢呋辛药物中度敏感;对头孢他啶、米诺环素、头孢曲松和头孢唑林药物敏感;对红霉素、氨苄西林、强力霉素等药物产生耐药性。     

鸡大肠杆菌抗药性报告

随着养鸡业的发展,鸡大肠杆菌病的发生日趋严重。鸡群发病率高,而且易反复发生,致使鸡群死淘率明显升高,对养鸡业的危害极为严重。为预防和控制本病,很多鸡场和专业户采取定期投喂抗菌药物的办法,于是药物添加剂应运而生,充满兽药市场,在某一时期及范围内也许凑效,但也会带来消极影响和危害。为了能找到对大肠杆菌治疗效果好的药物,为本病的防治提供依据,作者特地对１９９６～１９９８年分离鉴定的４７株鸡大肠杆菌进行了抗药性调查,多数分离菌株对多数抗菌药物具有耐药性;多数抗菌药物的抗菌效力不佳。优选出丁胺卡那霉素、诺…     

Occurrence of mannose resistant hemagglutinins in Escherichia coli strains isolated from porcine colibacillosis

Three-hundred and fifty-eight E. coli strains isolated from piglets were tested for the presence of hemagglutinins by the use of the active hemagglutination test with or without mannose. Additionally 86 strains from the mentioned number of strains were investigated for the presence of common fimbriae using the same method but growing the strains in media especially suited for the development of this kind of fimbriae. These 358 strains and additionally 202 E. coli strains were tested using antisera for 987P and K88 antigens. It was found, using the active hemagglutination test, that 51.4% of the strains were hemagglutinating. The hemagglutinating strains carried the K88 antigen. All these strains were isolated from new-born and weaned piglets with enterotoxic form of colibacillosis, called also E. coli diarrhea. From cases of this form of colibacillosis originated also 26.7% of the strains in which common fimbriae (type 1) were detected. This result was obtained when the BHI medium was used for cultivation. In case of TSA medium only 2.3% of strains were positive. No specific or common fimbriae were found in strains recovered from septic form of colibacillosis and oedema disease (called also enterotoxaemic form of colibacillosis). No strain of 560 examined showed the presence of fimbrial 987P antigen.     

Organic acid profiles in feces of pigs with pathogenic or non-pathogenic diarrhea.

A chemical characteristic of the feces of diarrheal piglets permits differentiation among piglets receiving antibiotic treatment and those with colibacillosis or dyspepsia. A high concentration of lactic or succinic acid was observed in the diarrheic feces of piglets receiving antibiotic treatments and those with dyspepsia; however, no lactic or succinic acids were detected in piglets with colibacillosis. There was, however, little difference in the total concentration of organic acids among the three types of diarrheal illnesses. A quantitative analysis of lactic and succinic acids in diarrheic feces might provide a means for rapidly differentiating between colibacillosis and non-pathogenic diarrheas in piglets.     

Experimental Enteric Colibacillosis in Piglets

Eleven of 20 piglets inoculated orally with Escherichia coli:0101:KU460(A):NM and one of 18 piglets inoculated orally with E. coli:08:K87, K88a, b:H19 developed enteric colibacillosis. Successful reproduction of the disease was associated with recovery of a dense growth in a nearly pure culture of the inoculated strain from the feces. Piglets which remained clinically normal had none, or very few, of the inoculated strain in their feces. Seventeen control piglets inoculated orally with the non-enteropathogenic E. coli:043:K —:H28 remained normal.     

猪大肠杆菌病的诊断与综合防治

猪大肠杆菌病是从出生至断乳期仔猪的常见病,是引起仔猪死亡的主要原因之一。主要对近年来猪大肠杆菌病防治的研究进展作一概述,并以临床实际病例的诊断和治疗为例,介绍了诊断和防治猪大肠杆菌病的有效措施,以期为临床有效防治该病提供参考。     

Effects of dietary supplementation of lipid‐encapsulated zinc oxide on colibacillosis,growth and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of lipid‐encapsulated (coated) zinc oxide ZnO on post‐weaning diarrhea (colibacillosis) in weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Thirty‐two 35‐day‐old weaned piglets were orally challenged with 3 × 10¹⁰ colony forming units of ETEC K88 while eight piglets received no challenge (control). Each eight challenged piglets received a diet containing 100 ppm ZnO (low ZnO), 2500 ppm ZnO (high ZnO) or 100 ppm of lipid (10%)‐coated ZnO (coated ZnO) for 7 days; control pigs received the low ZnO diet. Daily gain, goblet cell density in the villi of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, and villus height in the jejunum and ileum, which decreased due to the challenge, were equally greater in the coated ZnO and high ZnO groups versus low ZnO group. Fecal consistency score, serum interleukin‐8 concentration, subjective score of fecal E. coli shedding, and digesta pH in the stomach, jejunum and ileum, which increased due to the challenge, were equally low in the coated ZnO and high ZnO groups versus low ZnO. Results suggest that a low level of coated ZnO might well substitute for a pharmacological level of native ZnO in dietary supplementation to alleviate colibacillosis of weaned piglets.     

Therapeutic responses of piglets to experimentally induced colibacillosis.

The purpose of these experiments was to determine the effects of prior exposure to antimicrobials on subsequent treatment of artificially induced colibacillosis in pigs. One- to two-week-old piglets were given 10(7) multiple antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli orally. Two groups of the piglets received priming doses at different levels of the antimicrobial preparation, ASP-250 before challenge. The remaining group received no antimicrobial. Piglets ill as a result of the challenge were treated with chloramphenicol of chlortetracycline, or received no treatment. Chloramphenicol was significantly more effective than chlortetracycline in terminating colibacillosis in the primed and unprimed groups. There were fewer deaths and relapse cases in those groups which received chloramphenicol treatment. Results in piglets treated with chlortetracycline were not significantly better than those which received no treatment.     

Experimental models of porcine post-weaning colibacillosis and their relationship to post-weaning diarrhoea and digestive disorders as encountered in the field

The aim of this study was to develop a reliable model system of porcine post-weaning colibacillosis, and in doing so to assess the primary relationship of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to post-weaning diarrhoea and digestive disorders as encountered in the field. Six sequential experiments were carried out using 168 SPF piglets weaned into an optimal controlled environment at 28 days of age. The piglets were allocated to 23 treatment groups, 17 of which were inoculated either orally or intragastrically with enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli (LT+, STI+, STII+) possessing adhesive factors including K88 (F4). The piglets were challenged either once (Day 4 post-weaning) or on several days post-weaning, with the challenge load for each inoculation varying from 10(8) to 10(12) CFU.Overall 14.5% of inoculated pigs developed severe illness and died: these had lesions in their digestive tracts typical of colibacillosis. Diarrhoea occurred on at least 1 day in 50% of inoculated pigs, but was transient (1.7 days on average), appeared very soon after challenge (sometimes within half a day), and was accompanied by signs of depression and low weight gain. Generally a prompt recovery then occurred. In the second 2 weeks post-inoculation daily weight gain reached the same level in most inoculated groups of pigs as in the uninoculated controls. Only a small number of pigs developed a chronic enteritis lasting several days, as is typically observed in field cases. Diarrhoea was more common in the piglets that were tested adhesive positive to the K88 fimbriae receptor, but the disorders were no more severe in these animals. The response of all pigs depended primarily on the inoculum used, and especially on the challenge load. Although enterotoxigenic E. coli are clearly important in the aetiology of post-weaning diarrhoea, other factors are also required for the production of the chronic post-weaning digestive disorders and ill-thrift that are commonly encountered in commercial piggeries.     

猪大肠杆菌病的临床表现及危害性

猪大肠杆菌病是由病原性大肠杆菌引起的以初生仔猪和断奶仔猪为主的肠道感染性传染病。由于其发病率和死亡率高,易发生耐药性,给本病的防控带来了一定困难。文章着重对猪大肠杆菌病临床类型及对应的症状、病理变化和危害性进行介绍,为防控本病提供参考。     

Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic piglets in the Province of Quebec.

During 1972 to 1974, 112 Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic piglets were recieved from different parts of the Province of Quebec, Canada. Fifty-six strains elicited a positive gut loop response in three week old piglets and were then considered as Moon's class 1 enteropathogens, while four of the 56 remaining strains reacted only in ten day old piglets and were classified as class 2 enteropathogens. Forty-eight strains produced both a heat-labile and a heat-stable enterotoxin, while 12 isolates which included the four class 2 enteropathogens produced only a heat-stable enterotoxin. Fifty-one enterotoxigenic strains could be serogrouped using OK antisera against E. coli strains commonly associated with colibacillosis in piglets. The most common serogroups encountered were O157: K "V17"; 88a,c, O149:K91; 88a.c. O157:K"V1c, O149:K91; 88a.c, O157:K"V17"; 88 a,c or a,b and O45:K"E5"; 88a,c. No significant difference was observed in the fermentation patterns, antibiotic susceptibility, colicin production, production of a filterable hemolysin and transferable tetracycline resistance between the enterotoxigenic and the nonenterotoxigenic strains.     

仔猪大肠杆菌病防治

致病性大肠杆菌是引起仔猪黄痢、仔猪白痢、仔猪水肿病的病原,感染后发病仔猪临床症状以腹泻、水肿等为特征,传染性强,对仔猪生长发育造成影响,甚至导致仔猪急性死亡。通过加强饲养管理、做好清洁卫生及消毒可减少该病发生,还可通过大肠杆菌疫苗免疫怀孕母猪进行预防。该文论述仔猪大肠杆菌病的致病机理、临床症状及防治措施。