高产抗病柱花草新品种选育 II高产抗病柱花草品种比较

于 1998 - 2 0 0 0年选择 12个柱花草Stylosanthesguianensis新种质进行品种比较 ,结果表明 :Mineirao柱花草、GC15 81柱花草年干草产量分别为 116 5 0 0kg/hm2 和 114 2 0 0kg/hm2 ,高于热研 5号柱花草 (9831 1kg/hm2 ) 18 5 0 %和 16 16 % ;抗旱性强 ,在冬春低温干旱季节的干质量占年产量的 2 9 2 5 %和 2 9 15 % ;较抗柱花草炭疽病 ,试验期内平均病级分别为 1 6 7,1 74 ;植株越冬存活率分别为 30 83%和 4 1 6 8% ,耐寒性强 ;茎叶比为 1 0 3和 1 0 7,营养价值丰富 ,营养生长期粗蛋白含量分别为 15 36 2 %和 11 5 5 0 % ,是优良的柱花草新品种。     

柱花草高产栽培技术的研究

采用随机区组试验,以不同播种方式、不同刈割方式及不同施肥水平对柱花草Styiosanthes guianensis的分枝数及产量的影响进行了分析。结果表明:随2次刈割时间间隔的增长,柱花草分枝数减少。在中等肥力处理条件下,适宜播种方式为撒播15 kg/hm2,2次刈割时间间隔为60 d,施肥模式为:基肥为复合肥600 kg/hm2,农家肥22 500 kg/hm2,不使用追肥,此时,投入产出比最低,经济可行。     

高产抗病柱花草新品种选育 I 灰色关联分析法评价柱花草新种质

用灰色局势决策模型对34个柱花草Stylosanthes guianensis种质1996-1997年的产草量和抗病性等性状进行综合分析,结果表明:在新引进柱花草种质中,GC1581柱花草和Mineirao柱花草具有抗病、高产的特点,两者草产量与热研2号、热研5号柱花草相当,但抗病性强,综合评价优良.     

高产抗病柱花草新品种选育Ⅰ灰色关联分析法评价柱花草新种质

用灰色局势决策模型对34个柱花草Stylosanthes guianensis种质1996-1997年的产草量和抗病性等性状进行综合分析，结果表明：在新引进柱花草种质中，GC581柱花草和Mineirao柱花草具有抗病、高产的特点，两者草产量与热研2号、热研5号柱花草相当，但抗病性强，综合评价优良。     

西卡柱花草选育及其利用评价

西卡柱花草是1981年从澳大利亚引进的灌木型柱花草新品种,经过引种适应性鉴定,于1985年进行试验研究。结果表明,其鲜草产量达43717.5kg/hm²,营养期粗蛋白质含量14.70%,种子产量150～270kg/hm²,并具有耐旱、耐牧、抗柱花草炭疽病、花期晚等特点,适合在我国热带、亚热带地区种植。     

赤霉素对柱花草种子萌发的影响

对热研10号、热研2号和有钩柱花草的种子进行不同浸种时间和不同浓度赤霉素(GA3)处理,从中筛选出适合的浸种时间和GA3浓度。结果表明,浸种24h时3种柱花草种子发芽率均最高,分别由10%,84%和24%提高到18%,86%和36%。经200mg/kg GA3处理的热研2号和有钩柱花草种子的发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势和活力指数最高,100mg/kg GA3处理的热研10号种子的发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势和活力指数最高,所以低浓度(100、200mg/kg)GA3处理有利于促进3种柱花草种子的萌发,但幼苗长度与GA3浓度之间未表现出明显的规律,500mg/kg GA3处理的热研10号和热研2号幼苗长度最长。     

热研5号柱花草选育研究

热研5号柱花草是1987年从哥伦比亚国际热带农业中心(CIAT)引进的CIAT184柱花草群体中,经过对早花、耐寒、抗病性状的单株选育而成,经鉴定于1990年开始进行系列试验研究。结果表明,热研5号柱花草既保持了CIAT184柱花草高产优质的特点,鲜草产量51805.8kg/hm²,粗蛋白质16.21%,并具有早花、抗病、耐寒等特点,花期比CIAT184柱花草提前25～30d,种子产量359.3kg/hm²,提高45.24%左右,耐寒性明显增强,可在纬度较高的南亚热带地区有效地避开低温寒害的影响,适合我国热带、亚热带地区种植。     

柱花草炭疽病与抗病育种

柱花草是热带，亚热带地区重要的豆科牧草。而炭疽病是危害柱花草重要的疾病。受病原感染的柱花草，其鲜草和种子道理大减，严重影响了柱花草进一步推广应用。因此，对柱花草炭疽病病原的研究以及在此基础上的抗病育种则非常紧迫。现介绍其病原研究的两头和抗病品种选育以及几个有潜力的抗病品种，以便在生产上应用。     

柱花草炭疽病及其抗病育种研究进展

柱花草是一类优良的热带豆科牧草 ,适于我国热带亚热带地区种植。炭疽病是柱花草生产的主要限制性因素 ,引起柱花草炭疽病的病原菌存在高度的遗传和致病多样性。柱花草抗病育种需要将具有多种抗性的基因导入栽培品种中 ,才能获得广谱的持久的抗病品种。     

柱花草炭疽病及其抗病育种研究进展

柱花草是一类优良的热带豆科牧草,适于我国热带亚热带地区种植.炭疽病是柱花草生产的主要限制性因素,引起柱花草炭疽病的病原菌存在高度的遗传和致病多样性.柱花草抗病育种需要将具有多种抗性的基因导人栽培品种中,才能获得广谱的持久的抗病品种.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记与牦牛遗传育种研究

在归纳总结RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记技术的原理、优缺点的基础上,系统论述了其在牦牛遗传育种研究中的应用现状,并提出了个人的建议和看法。