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近年来,由于各项防制措施不到位,加之牲畜基数不清,疫苗供不应求,造成疫情频繁发生,已严重威胁着人畜的健康和生命安全。1流行情况2006年5-8月甘德县下藏科乡境内发生两起人畜炭疽疫情,共发病牛34头、羊10只、马1匹,死亡33头(只),其中牛24头、羊8只、马1匹,死亡率70.82%。有3人因接触和剥食病死牛肉而感染炭疽,其中,2例分别为头面部和右上肢皮肤型炭疽,1例肠炭疽,经自治州人民医院救治全部痊愈康复。2流行季节和特点无明显的季节性,但以夏秋暖季发生的居多。呈散发和地方性流行,也有整群和连片发生的,且多为老疫区重复发生。从历来发病情况… 相似文献
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炭疽是由炭疽杆菌引起的一种的急性、烈性、败血性人畜共患传染病,可经呼吸道、皮肤伤口传播,易感动物有马、牛、羊、猪、犬,其中以马最为易感.隆林县隆或乡是炭疽的老疫区,在1993-1998年间,该乡共发生7起炭疽感染人畜发病、死亡事件,其中,死亡马5匹、牛3头、骡2匹;7人被感染、死亡1人.自1999年起,经乡政府和兽医站多年的共同努力,采取行政、经济、技术、法律等综合防治措施,至今没有发生过炭疽疫情,有效地控制了炭疽疫情的发生. 相似文献
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我区今年炭疽疫情与去年相比趋于严重。1~9月全区有33个县发生炭疽,共有疫点83个,家畜总发病351头,死亡299头,病死率85.1%,其中:病牛278头,死亡242头;病马18匹,死亡15匹;病猪43头,死亡30头;病羊13只,全部死亡。同时,有298人感染发病,死亡12人,病死率4%。现将流行特点及今后防制意见报告如下: 一、今年炭疽流行有以下几个特点: 1、疫情沿江河而下;在红水河和右江 相似文献
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30年(1963~1993)来南丹县零星和局部发生家畜炭疽,总共死亡牛81头、马19匹、猪18头,感染人发病73人,死亡4人。其中1963、1977、1982、1992这4次局部发生流行,面广、疫点多,发病死畜多,感染人多,损失大。这4次共发病死牛77头、死马17匹、死猪18头、感染人56人、病死3人。报告如下: 相似文献
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20 0 1年纽约世贸大厦发生了震惊世界的 9·1 1事件 ,系恐怖主义分子所为。而在这年的 9·1 1之后 ,美国又发生了炭疽邮件多起。从 9月 2 2日到 1 1月 1 3日 ,恐怖分子将含有炭疽芽胞白色粉末状物置于信内寄出 ,收信人有参议员、杂志编辑、电视台、广播电台等工作人员。在邮件分送、开启过程中 ,有关场所的空气及环境也受到炭疽芽胞的污染 ,从而引发恐怖主义分子散播的炭疽病。根据科学证实的材料 ,发病最少2 2人 ,其中吸入性炭疽及皮肤炭疽各 1 1人 ,患者除一老 (94岁在家老人 )一少 (7个月大婴儿 )外 ,均为 2 3~ 61岁的工作人员。受害者… 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1 材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5~ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2 结果和讨论2 .1 睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果 见表 1。表 1 獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标 μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process. 相似文献