养殖场粪便及污水无害化处理

<正>1粪便无害化处理沼气法:畜禽粪便可利用沼气或沼气罐产生沼气。此法可以处理大量的粪便、污水,且最适用于阴雨天多、晒干较困难的地方。这是养殖场解决环境污染的一种良性循环机制,也是生态农业发展的一部分。腐熟堆肥法:粪便经腐熟处理后外观呈暗褐色,松软无臭。烘干法:较大规模的养殖场,采用烘干法较理想。首先对粪便进行固液分离,分离后的固体成分烘干后,添加其他成分制     

湖南省不同区域生猪发酵床养殖的适宜性评价

本研究构建了生猪发酵床养殖的区域适宜性评价指标体系,以湖南省为例采用主成分分析法进行了综合分析。结果表明,影响生猪发酵床养殖的第一主成分为地方财政收入和人均地方财政收入,生猪发酵床养殖适宜在地方财政状况较好的地区率先推进。     

基于主成分分析的生猪发酵床养殖适宜性评价

本研究构建了生猪发酵床养殖的区域适宜性评价指标体系,以湖南省为例采用主成分分析法进行了综合分析.结果表明,影响生猪发酵床养殖的第一主成分为地方财政收入和人均地方财政收入,生猪发酵床养殖适宜在地方财政状况较好的地区率先推进.     

科学选择粪污治理技术

本研究构建了生猪发酵床养殖的区域适宜性评价指标体系,以湖南省为例采用主成分分析法进行了综合分析.结果表明,影响生猪发酵床养殖的第一主成分为地方财政收入和人均地方财政收入,生猪发酵床养殖适宜在地方财政状况较好的地区率先推进.     

科学选择粪污治理技术

本研究构建了生猪发酵床养殖的区域适宜性评价指标体系，以湖南省为例采用主成分分析法进行了综合分析。结果表明，影响生猪发酵床养殖的第一主成分为地方财政收入和人均地方财政收入，生猪发酵床养殖适宜在地方财政状况较好的地区率先推进。     

怀化市畜禽粪便排放及环境承载能力分析

笔者根据怀化市畜禽养殖数据,估算了畜禽粪便产生量,并以单位耕地面积猪粪当量负荷、TN负荷和TP负荷为指标评价畜禽粪便区域环境风险。结果表明,2017年全市畜禽粪便产生量为1207.01万t,单位耕地面积猪粪当量负荷量为29.12 t/hm2,没有超过30.00 t/hm2的限值,而洪江区、新晃县、靖州县、麻阳县、芷江县超过了限值,存在局部环境污染风险。全市单位面积耕地畜禽粪便TN负荷量为144.41 kg/hm2,没有超过225.00 kg/hm2的限值,而洪江区、新晃县、靖州县超过了限值,存在局部环境污染风险。全市单位面积耕地畜禽粪便TP负荷量为38.24 kg/hm2,没有超过40.00 kg/hm2的限值,而洪江区、新晃县、靖州县、芷江县、麻阳县超过了限值,存在局部环境污染风险。     

宜兴畜禽粪便污染负荷时空变化研究

江苏省宜兴市濒临太湖,是太湖流域水污染控制的重点区域.论文以镇区为单位,研究了宜兴市1990～2011年间畜禽粪便污染负荷的时空变化规律.结果表明,宜兴市的耕地畜禽粪便负荷由1990年的9.0 t/hm2上升至2006年的14.0 t/hm2,后下降至2011年的13.3t/hm2.2011年,宜兴市的畜禽粪便处理警报值为0.22,对环境尚不构成威胁.然而,宜兴各镇的畜禽粪便污染负荷差异明显,并日趋呈现空间集聚之势.2011年,在宜兴的西北部形成一个畜禽养殖密集的带状区域,其畜禽粪便处理警报值已超过了0.4的警戒值.在该区域,除推行粪便还田以外,可建立区域畜禽粪便收集处理中心,利用规模效应,降低利用粪便生产生物质能的成本,促进畜禽粪便的高效利用.     

畜禽粪便的无害化处理

随着昆山市生态健康养殖工程的实施,为规范畜禽养殖行为,保障畜禽产品质量安全,防治畜禽养殖污染,推动种养结合农牧循环发展,实施养殖业废弃物资源化利用,促进畜牧业可持续发展。本地畜禽粪便的无害化处理将成为重头戏。文章重点介绍畜禽粪便的无害化处理方法,介绍利用禽畜粪便生产沼气、处理禽畜粪便做饲喂饲料、加工禽畜粪便作生产肥料、禽畜粪便经水生植物利用处理等措施,以供参考和借鉴。     

应积极发展生态畜牧型沼气

改革开放以来,随着畜牧业的快速发展,畜禽养殖产生的粪便对环境的污染问题日益明显,实践证明,因地制宜地发展生态畜牧型沼气,既可以解决畜禽粪便污染问题,促进畜牧业发展,又可以改善农村生活、生态环境,不断提高农村生活质量。1发展生态畜牧型沼气的现实意义畜禽养殖造成环境污染的主要原因是畜禽粪便处理利用不当。畜禽粪便中含有大量的有机质和植物营养素,是极其宝贵的资源,如果经过生态畜牧型沼气等手段无害化处理后加以资源化利用,不仅可防止环境污染,同时,对促进农牧结合、物质良性循环和生态平衡也具有重要意义。所谓生态畜牧型沼气,…     

畜禽粪便污染的危害性及防治对策

随着我国畜牧业的飞速发展,畜禽粪便污染情况严重,造成对大气、水体、土壤的多重污染.本文结合国内外的先进经验,提出畜禽粪便处理需要从提升治理、应用沼气技术、政府主导沼气补贴、畅通种养殖对接渠道、推动科研攻关等多个方面着手,以期有效解决畜禽粪便污染问题.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.