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干扰素研究进展及在兽医临床上的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
干扰素(IFN)是动物淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞等在诱导因子的作用下分泌的一种具有调节机体免疫功能、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等多种生物活性的分泌性蛋白质,是机体防御系统的重要组成部分。干扰素于1957年被Isaacs和Lindenmann两人发现,由于其独特的功能,掀起了一场研究干扰素的热潮。干扰素现已被广泛应用于兽医临床治疗。 相似文献
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干扰素(Interferon)是一类由病毒诱导机体产生的,具有干扰病毒在感染和非感染组织中复制的一类小分子蛋白。它具有广谱、高效和非特异性的作用特点。与其它细胞因子的作用相似,皮克或发克量级的干扰素即可激活机体的免疫系统,包括协同增强特异性的免疫保护和非特异性的细胞吞噬,发挥广谱的抗肿瘤和抗病毒作用。不仅可以有效抑制诱导干扰素产生的病毒的复制,而且可以抑制其它无关病毒对机体的损伤。 相似文献
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干扰素是一组具有多种功能的免疫活性蛋白质,有抗病毒、抗肿瘤和免疫调节的作用。免疫-神经-内分泌网络中有许多活性物质,如神经递质、神经调质、激素和干扰素彼此相互作用,以调节机体生理功能,维持内环境的稳定,干扰素在网络中起一定作用。 相似文献
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Culture of macrophages from bovine bone marrow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Macrophages perform important immunoregulatory and host defense functions. Examination of this cell type in the bovine has been restricted because of lack of a means to obtain pure bovine macrophage populations reproducibly. We have developed a system for production of large numbers of macrophages from this species with greater than 99% purity. Stem cells were obtained from the bone marrow of neonatal calves and cultured in vitro in the presence of macrophage-colony-stimulating factor. Bovine bone marrow culture-derived macrophages were esterase-positive, expressed Fc receptors for aggregated IgG, and bovine macrophage differentiation markers. In addition, they displayed class I and class II major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens. The level of MHC antigen expressed could be further enhanced by treatment with recombinant bovine interferons. The macrophages exhibited expected functions, for example, Fc-mediated ingestion of opsonized sheep red blood cells. Augmentation of phagocytic capacity by either alpha or gamma interferon could also be demonstrated. The data reported here confirm that bone marrow culture is a convenient, reliable source of macrophages for investigations of this bovine cell type. 相似文献
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动植物miRNA实现跨物种基因调控的研究进展 《畜牧与饲料科学》2022,43(2):7-13
近年来,有研究发现动物体内存在一类非自身的miRNA,这类miRNA主要是随着食物进入,并在动物体内发挥一定的调控功能,这一研究发现可为从植物中提取特殊物质作为添加剂或是为探究中草药治疗疾病的作用机理提供一定的理论支持,拓宽了外源性动植物miRNA的研究方向。从动植物miRNA的形成过程、结构特点、跨物种后稳定性、组织特异性表达、靶基因结合方式、生物学功能以及跨物种调控等方面,系统阐述了动植物miRNA进行跨物种调控的作用机制及研究进展,对动植物miRNA未来的研究方向和应用进行了展望,以期为miRNA在疾病治疗和营养补充方面的开发利用提供参考。 相似文献
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支链氨基酸是体内最丰富的必需氨基酸,包括亮氨酸﹑异亮氨酸和缬氨酸。支链氨基酸具有促进蛋白质合成、提高机体免疫力和促进胚胎发育等生理功能。支链氨基酸在机体糖代谢调节中发挥着重要作用,其可以通过调控机体胰岛素的分泌﹑胰岛素的敏感性以及葡萄糖转运载体的表达和易位等方式调控糖代谢。本文对支链氨基酸在体内的代谢途径及其调控机体糖代谢的途径进行综述。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌在畜禽生产中的应用效果 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
乳酸杆菌是动物自身肠道中的正常菌株之一,可以通过生物拮抗作用、改善肠道微生物的生态环境、增强肠道上皮细胞的屏障层及提高动物的免疫功能等机制而在畜禽生产中发挥其益生素的作用。许多试验及实际应用都表明了乳酸杆菌作为单一制剂或复合制剂中的一种可以提高畜禽生产性能、发挥预防及治疗腹泻的作用,被国内外公认为有效的益生素。 相似文献
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D P Gustafson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1986,16(6):1181-1189
Antiviral therapy is gradually coming of age. More agents including interferons as well as combinations of agents can be anticipated in the marketplace. Five antivirals are now approved for use, and there are at least seven that have a strong chance of becoming available. 相似文献
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Pichlmair A Pollak M Bergthaler A 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2004,117(7-8):252-265
The interferon system is part of the innate immune system in vertebrates. It represents the first line of host defence against viral infections. Virus entry triggers intracellular signalling pathways which lead to the secretion of soluble factors such as interferons and other cytokines. Interferons signal to neighbouring cells that a viral infection has occurred and induce an "antiviral state" resulting in inhibition of virus replication. The first recombinant interferons were produced in the 1980ies and were considered to be a major breakthrough. At present, interferons are routinely used in the therapy of certain viral and autoimmune diseases as well as for neoplastic disorders in man. In 2001 the first interferon preparation for veterinary use was licensed in the European Union. This review summarises the molecular mechanisms of the interferon system and the viral counteractions. The current type I interferon therapies in humans are described and an overview of recent clinical studies in veterinary medicine, including cat, dog, horse, cow, sheep, pig, and poultry, is given. We review the potential application of interferons and arguments in favor or against its therapeutic use in veterinary medicine. 相似文献
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Interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-γ positive cells were revealed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) pigs. A low prevalence of IFN-γ positive cells was also detected in PBMC of some Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus-infected pigs and uninfected, control pigs. IFN-α positive cells showed phenotypes of both monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The presence of IFN-α in PBMC was also confirmed by Western blotting. By immunoprecipitation, IFN-α was detected as 32 and 55-57 kDa bands in PBMC of healthy SPF piglets. These samples were also IFN-γ positive; the cytokine was revealed as 24, 37 and 54 kDa bands. The unusual molecular mass values of intracellular interferons were probably due to oligomerization, as previously described for human IFN-α. Swine intracellular IFN-α displayed the expected antiviral activity on bovine MDBK cells. The results indicate that interferons are constitutively expressed in swine leukocytes with peculiar molecular features. 相似文献
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猪肺Ⅱ型上皮细胞的分离和培养研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞具有重要的生理功能,并与肺内其他细胞之间存在着复杂的关系。研究Ⅱ型细胞的体外培养,为科学评价Ⅱ型细胞在多种生物机制中所起的作用提供了有效的途径。上皮细胞的提取技术经过近30 年的发展,日渐成熟,呈现多样化的特点。总的说来,肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞的分离、纯化、原代培养和鉴定,操作复杂,时间长,损伤较大,且细胞形态功能易发生变化,因此仍然有必要改进分离和培养技术。文章主要概述了猪肺泡上皮细胞提取,以及原代培养技术的进展与存在的问题。 相似文献