浅析国际马术比赛期间进境赛马检疫监管的关键点

为提高对进境赛马的检疫监管水平,保障赛马健康和赛事顺利举办,对进境赛马的特点、检疫监管要求和主要工作环节进行了简述、分析,指出了赛马检疫监管工作的重点和难点,提出了比赛期间应加强赛马临床检疫、训练和赛时监管以及饲草、饲料使用监管等方面的建议。     

日本进境动物检疫监管制度及对我国的借鉴

日本是目前世界上最大的农产品进口国之一,不仅国内动物卫生体系完善,而且高度重视进境动物及产品检疫工作。日本建立了以《家畜传染病预防法》为主的动物防疫法律法规体系,建立并应用了进口动物及产品风险分析、检疫准入、检疫监管等制度。本文概述了日本进境动物及其产品基本情况、检疫监管相关法律法规和检疫监管体系等内容,并基于此对比了中日两国进境动物检疫制度的区别,最终借鉴日本进境动物监管制度,提出了围绕“正面清单”发布禁令和解禁令,科学设定隔离检疫期限,强化海关部门与农业农村部门合作的建议,为我国进境动物检疫监管工作提供了借鉴。     

人工饲养野生动物现状调查及检疫监管思考

为了解我国人工饲养野生动物的现状,分析了当前野生动物养殖的种类、规模、分布以及关注热点,探讨了《野生动物保护法》《动物防疫法》规定的应当附有检疫证明的野生动物范围,产地检疫过程中判断可开展检疫的野生动物品种、调查野生动物的来源、实施详细具体检疫的步骤,养殖、运输、流通环节的监管等问题,提出了推动完善法律法规,加大野生动物疫病的研究与监测力度,加强部门监管与协作的对策,为完善人工饲养野生动物疫病防控和检疫监管提供参考。     

2006—2018年动物屠宰相关WTO/TBT-SPS通报分析

野生动物的检疫监管是保护野生动物,维护生物多样性,促进生态平衡的重要内容,也是有效防控人兽共患病,保障公共卫生安全的重要举措。本文梳理了《野生动物保护法》《动物防疫法》有关野生动物检疫监管的相关条款,分析了野生动物检疫范围、检疫规程、监督执法等内容,指出了当前野生动物监管存在检疫对象和检疫范围不一致,检疫规程覆盖动物种类有限,监督执法依据操作性不强等难题。提出应通过完善立法以禁止滥食野生动物,强化普法宣贯以明确食用野生动物风险,科学制定检疫规程,明确检疫主体等检疫,以期对优化野生动物检疫监管措施提供支持。     

关于野生动物防疫检疫管理的思考

随着《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》的修订颁布,检疫证明成为野生动物经检疫合格的唯一法律凭证,没有检疫证明的动物不得经营和运输。为了加强对野生动物的保护,明晰动物防疫检疫工作职责,本文从野生动物监管涉及的部门、名录、防疫、检疫等方面进行阐述,为兽医主管部门提供思路和建议,以促进国家建立内检与外检、陆生动物与水生动物、养殖动物与野生动物协调统一的管理体制。     

澳大利亚进口宠物检疫政策及对我国的启示

澳大利亚作为世界上少数的无狂犬病的国家之一,其对进口宠物的检疫要求非常严格,一直以来被公认为进口宠物检疫措施最严格的国家之一。笔者通过对澳大利亚进口宠物检疫政策进行研究,着重介绍了澳大利亚进口宠物的检疫程序及要求,总结其检疫监管特色,并针对我国进境宠物检疫监管存在的问题与不足,结合我国实际情况,提出完善我国进境宠物检疫监管工作的几点建议。     

对进境动物产品贮藏后分销检疫的思考

针对进入冷库贮藏后再销售的进境动物产品及经过简单物理分割包装销售的进境动物产品,仓储企业在向当地动物卫生监督机构申报检疫时,被告知因没有检疫权限,不予检疫出证;向口岸出入境检验检疫机构申报重新检疫,又被告知检疫后的进境动物产品不再检疫。因此,应当完善我国进境动物产品全流程的监管,填补监管空白,作者提出相关的建议,供商榷。     

以“互联网+”思维打造进境动物检疫监管新体系

随着经济全球化推进和国内畜牧业发展,中国进境动物总量不断攀升,2019年中国仅进境种用动物就超过15万头。随着大量优质动物资源的输入,动物疫病传入风险加大,同时口岸一线检疫监管人力紧张、动物溯源难等问题日渐凸显。为有效防止国外动物疫情传入,海关不断优化进境动物检疫监管模式,利用信息化手段做好口岸动物检疫与疫情防控,减轻动物检疫监管一线工作压力,提升口岸监管效能。     

关于野生动物检疫的几点思考

本文通过梳理野生动物检疫有关的法律法规,结合实际工作中野生动物检疫面临的检疫范围不明确、缺少野生动物检疫规程、野生动物持证流通难等问题,提出明确野生动物检疫范围、及时出台野生动物检疫规程、对野生动物检疫实行分类管理、建立健全野生动物检疫监管机制等建议,以期为当前《动物检疫管理办法》修订完善提供参考意见.     

新西兰进境动物卫生标准体系研究与应用

目前应用进口动物卫生标准来管控国门生物安全的国家极少。我国进境动物卫生标准体系建设尚属空白。新西兰是全球制定进境动物卫生标准最早最全的国家。本文研究了新西兰进境动物卫生标准体系的科学管理、核心内容和主要特征,进口许可、动物及安全要求、出口前隔离检疫、入境口岸检疫和隔离检疫清关、兽医证书和随动物同行的证单要求等构成标准的核心内容,标准有强制性、法定性和权威性、系统性、可操性、及时性、易获取等特征。在比较分析我国进境动物检疫监管特征及问题基础上,创新提出借鉴新西兰进境动物卫生标准体系,制订我国进境动物卫生标准的建议并明确其法律地位,阐述了我国进境动物标准的编制原则、体系构成、基本框架、核心内容和主要措施。     

高致病性禽流感免疫的管理环节

一 严管疫苗生产环节 兽用生物制品生产厂家多,品种较多,质量不一,免疫效果各异,特别是高致病性禽流感疫苗,由于生产时间较短,疫苗质量不够稳定,副作用较为严重,包装规格单一,技术服务滞后．严重地影响了高致病性禽流感的免疫效果。如有的厂家疫苗生产的批准文号和疫苗产品不相符。有的中试产品或有临时批准文号的疫苗,不按规定范围随意大面积推广,有的同一厂家生产的疫苗,不同批次质量不一,免疫效果差异较大。     

猪胴体分级标准初探

<正>猪胴体分级的目的是确定屠体某些特性,并根据这些特性指标决定屠体及其产品的价值,使产销双方有共同标准可以遵循,在公平合理交易原则下,防止产生纷争。良好的分级标准和制度能确实反映市场需要,进而敦促生产者谋求改进肉猪屠体品质。我国原有的猪胴体品质分级标准已经不适合使     

Strategies for Using eFSH for Superovulating Mares

The standard treatment for superovulation of mares is to administer equine follicle-stimulating hormone (eFSH) for 4 to 5 days to stimulate multiple follicles and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce synchronous ovulations. Objectives of this study were: (1) to determine whether a short-term (3-day) eFSH treatment protocol would result in similar ovulation and embryo recovery rates compared with the standard eFSH protocol; (2) to determine the efficacy of a decreasing dose of eFSH (step-down protocol) on ovulation rate and embryo recovery; (3) to compare the efficacy of hCG and recombinant equine luteinizing hormone (reLH) for inducing ovulation in FSH-treated mares; and (4) to compare embryo recovery rates and embryo size when mares are flushed at 6.5 or 7.0 days after ovulation. Forty light-horse mares were used in 2005 (experiment 1) and 20 different mares were used in 2006 (experiment 2). In experiment 1, mares were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) untreated controls, (2) standard eFSH treatment (12.5 mg intramuscularly twice daily), and (3) 3-day eFSH treatment. In experiment 2, mares were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: (1) untreated controls, (2) standard eFSH protocol, (3) 3-day eFSH treatment, and (4) step-down eFSH treatment (12.5 mg twice daily day 1, 8.0 mg twice daily day 2, 4.0 mg twice daily day 3). Within each treatment, mares were given either hCG (2,500 IU) or equine LH (750 mg, EquiPure LH; reLH) to induce synchronized ovulations. Embryo recovery was performed either 6.5 or 7.0 days after ovulation. In experiment 1, numbers of preovulatory follicles and ovulations were less for mares in the 3-day treatment group than the standard group, but were greater than for controls. Embryo recovery per flush was higher in the standard group (2.6) than the 3-day eFSH treatment (0.8) or control groups (0.8). In experiment 2, the number of preovulatory follicles and number of ovulations were greater in the standard and 3-day treatment groups than in control and step-down groups. The percent embryo recovery per ovulation and mean embryo grade were similar for all groups; however, the embryo recovery per flush was higher for mares in the standard treatment than controls (1.3 vs 0.6) but was similar to the 3-day (1.1) and step-down (0.8) treatments. Embryo recovery was similar for flushes performed on days 6.5 and 7.0 post-ovulation. The percentage of control mares ovulating within 48 hours in response to hCG or reLH was similar. In contrast, a higher percentage of eFSH-treated mares ovulated within 48 hours in response to reLH than hCG (92% vs 71%). In both years, the 3-day eFSH treatment protocol resulted in a greater number of preovulatory follicles and a greater number of ovulations than untreated controls. Unfortunately, the increased ovulation rate for mares administered eFSH for 3 days did not result in a greater number of embryos recovered per flush in either year. Use of a step-down eFSH treatment protocol resulted in fewer preovulatory follicles, fewer ovulations, and fewer embryos as compared with the standard eFSH treatment. In conclusion, the standard eFSH treatment resulted in a greater embryo recovery rate per cycle than either the 3-day or step-down treatment protocols. Recombinant equine LH was more effective than hCG in causing ovulation in eFSH-treated mares.     

服务农业服务社会

在迎接新世纪,庆贺新千年的时候,饲料行业如同其他行业一样,也在筹划今后的发展问题。研究任何产业的发展,都要研究自身的特点,还要研究与其他产业的关联。饲料工业,是个关联性很强的产业。最明显的是,依托于农业,又服务于农业。饲料工业的原料,绝大部分直接来源于农业,没有农业作基础,就没有饲料工业;没有发达的农业,也就没有发达的饲料工业。因此,服务农业,是发展饲料工业的题中应有之义。民以食为天。服务于农业,服务于“菜篮子”工程,也就是服务于社会。我国饲料工业的发展,为农业,为养殖业,为人民生活的改善,做出了巨大的贡献。据国家…     

Transgenic pigs for xenotransplantation for humans]

Transgenic livestock have been generated via microinjection of DNA-constructs into pronuclei of zygotes. However, efficiency is low and only 1-3% transgenic offspring are to be obtained. Integration of the transgene occurs at random and expression is independent from the number of integrated copies but can be affected by the integration site. To overcome the shortage of human organs, transgenic pigs have been generated that express human complement regulatory genes. This approach enables to overcome the hyperacute rejection response as shown by an average survival rate (40-90 days) of the immunosuppressed primate recipients receiving a heart from a transgenic pig. It is expected that transgenic pigs would be available as organ donors in the next 5-10 years. A major prerequisite, however, is the prevention of the potential transfer of pathogenic microorganisms, in particular porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV). Improvements of the efficiency in the generation of transgenic pigs will be achieved by the use of genetically modified donor cells in nuclear transfer technology (cloning).