猪霉菌毒素中毒的防治措施

霉菌毒素中毒症是指与污染了霉菌毒素的食物或饲料接触而引发的疾病。产毒霉菌有数百种,主要的霉菌毒素有黄曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、单端孢霉烯族毒素、烟曲霉毒素、赫曲毒素和麦角生物碱六大类。作物上的霉菌可在田间及在加工和贮存期间均能产生霉菌毒素。通常情况下,人或动物是通过食用受霉菌毒素污染的食品或饲料而发生中毒的。霉菌毒素在动物体内可产生多种生理作用：肝毒、肾毒、对中枢神经系统的作用以及类似雌激素效应等。     

饲料中常见的霉菌毒素及防制

针对当前饲料中存在的4种主要霉菌毒素(黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇)分别进行探讨,包括毒素的理化性质、产生条件、对动物的危害作用及在食品和饲料中的允许量标准,介绍饲料中霉菌毒素的各种防毒和去毒措施,对生产实践中霉菌毒素的研究和防制有一定的指导意义.     

蒙脱石及其改性产品控制霉菌毒素毒性的研究进展

<正>近年来全球气候异常,加重了饲料及其原料霉菌的污染。霉菌在繁殖生长的过程中会产生有毒的次级代谢物即霉菌毒素。一直以来,人们对饲料及其原料中霉菌毒素的污染焦点集中在有强致癌作用的黄曲霉毒素,然而近几年来其他霉菌毒素,如单端孢霉烯类霉菌毒素的污染情况日益加重,随之引起的动物中毒问题也大大增加。动物疾病的爆发,免疫功能的低     

预防猪只霉菌毒素中毒

正霉菌毒素(Mycotoxin)是某些丝状霉菌在适宜温、湿度条件下产生的次级代谢产物。现已查明的霉菌毒素有300多种,主要污染粮油食品和动物饲料。当前霉菌毒素污染问题在饲料原材料、青贮饲料和成品饲料中变得更加普遍(霉菌毒素当前在80%以上的农产品中都存在)。所有的农作物在生长、采后贮藏以及加工时期,都可能会被产毒霉菌产生的霉菌毒素污染。许多霉菌毒素是在引起动物尤其是农场动物发病后被检测出来的。只要有一种主要的霉菌毒素含量超标就会影响猪只的健康生长。     

山东地区2013年饲料原料霉菌毒素污染情况调查

<正>霉菌毒素是产毒霉菌在谷物的田间生长、收获和储藏时或饲料加工过程中产生的次生代谢产物,它是一种天然的生物性污染物,通过污染饲料、垫料对动物造成极大的危害。饲料霉变是畜牧业生产中不可忽视的问题。饲料中各种霉菌在适宜的温度、湿度和营养环境下迅速生长而使饲料发热、结块、发霉,甚至改变颜色并产生霉菌毒素。动物饲喂含霉菌毒素的饲料后会引起中毒、致癌、致畸等,甚至可通过多种途径污染食品和饲料,直接或间接进入人类食物链,威胁     

饲料污染的因素及处理方法

1饲料的污染因素1．1生物性污染 生物污染是指由微生物,包括细菌与细菌毒素及霉菌和霉菌毒素、寄生虫及虫卵、昆虫等引起的饲料污染。饲料在微生物作用下,将蛋白质分解为氨、硫化氢、硫醇、粪臭素等,脂肪分解产生酸、醛,霉菌污染饲料后,可产生多种毒索,这些物质对动物机体都是有害的。     

霉菌毒素的毒害作用及其互作效应

<正>饲料霉变的典型特征是产生霉菌毒素,可造成高达10%的经济损失,是饲料工业和畜牧业生产中不可忽视的问题。霉菌毒素不但对动物产生毒害作用,而且可通过食物链危及人类健康。动物对霉菌毒素的临     

霉菌与霉菌毒素的认识与防制

霉菌是指在形态上有细胞壁 ,不含叶绿素 ,无根、茎之分 ,营寄生或腐生方式生存的生物。其种类繁多 ,其中绝大多数为非致病性的 ,只有少数有致病作用。霉菌毒素是产毒霉菌在基质生长繁殖过程中产生的代谢产物。动物一旦摄食含有霉菌毒素的饲料 ,将会造成轻重不同的伤害 ,统称为霉菌毒素中毒症。1　霉菌毒素中毒症的类型霉菌毒素中毒症依动物伤害情况分为三种类型 :急性原发性霉菌毒素中毒症　　动物采食中至高量的霉菌毒素 ,产生明显而特异的症状。慢性原发性霉菌毒素中毒症　　动物摄入低量或中等量的霉菌毒素 ,使其生长或繁殖能力降低 ,但…     

不能用发霉的饲料喂鸡喂猪

<正> 畜禽吃了发霉变质的饲料,会发生急性或慢性中毒症状;幼畜、雏鸡对毒素敏感性强,死亡率较高。动物一旦中毒,毒素很难中和或排除。对动物产毒的霉菌常见的有曲霉菌、青霉菌、镰刀菌。它们不但在外界自然环境中可以产生毒素,而且在动物机体内也能生长、繁殖、产毒。影响家禽健康的有黄曲霉毒素、镰刀菌毒素。新出壳幼雏对黄曲霉毒素和烟曲霉菌毒素极易感,而日龄较大     

奶牛业中霉菌和霉菌毒素的问题(一)

<正>霉菌毒素是由真菌(霉菌)产生的毒性次级代谢产物,当动物采食了被污染的饲料,或者接触或吸入霉菌时,可引起不良影响(霉菌中毒),其生物学影响包括肝和肾的中毒、中枢神经系统与雌激素的影响等。只有部分霉菌产生霉菌毒素,称为产毒霉菌。霉菌毒素的化学变化多,这也代表化学家族的多样     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记与牦牛遗传育种研究

在归纳总结RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记技术的原理、优缺点的基础上,系统论述了其在牦牛遗传育种研究中的应用现状,并提出了个人的建议和看法。