中药提取液对鸡传支病毒的效果研究

为筛选抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的中药,我们对麻杏石甘散组方进行了加减,研制形成三个中药组方,并以其为试验药物,观察其在9～15日龄鸡胚上对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒IBV-M41株的作用效果。结果表明,在安全浓度范围内,三个组方对该病毒均有一定的阻断和抑制作用,其中组方1的阻断和抑制作用较为突出。     

荆芥组方对鸡肾型传染性支气管炎防治效果观察

本试验采取随机分组,病理模型复制的方法,试验中将14日龄AA肉雏鸡240只随机分为受试药物组(高、中、低3个剂量)、中药对照组、西药对照组、疫苗对照组、阴性对照组、健康对照组共8个组,每组30只,以验证中药荆芥组方对鸡肾型传染性支气管炎的效果。将试验鸡人工感染肾型传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV),观察中药组方对雏鸡保护作用。结果表明,本组方对肾型传染性支气管炎病毒感染雏鸡具有明显的保护作用,可以用于鸡肾型传染性支气管炎的预防和治疗。     

抗IBV中药的筛选

采用气管环组织培养法通过3种加药方式对贯众、黄芩等10种中药及复方组合进行了抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的筛选试验,并采用滴鼻法对SPF鸡攻毒建立鸡传染性支气管炎感染模型,应用筛选出的中药复方制剂对其进行预防和治疗试验,并进行病毒毒力测定.不同给药方式显示:将中药与病毒体外作用后接种TOC,除黄芪外,各单味中药和复方组合对IBV均具有不同程度的直接灭活作用,最小有效浓度均达到1/128以上,其中贯众达到1/4 096;在接种IBV前2 h以及接种IBV后2 h给药,黄芩、贯众、板蓝根、鱼腥草及复方中药均能明显抑制IBV的繁殖,最小有效浓度均达到1/256以上,其中贯众效果显著,达到1/2 048.人工感染防治试验显示:治疗组和预防组所分离到的病毒毒力均低于感染组,复方中药对感染传染性支气管炎病毒鸡的保护率为93.33%,治愈率为75%.表明该复方中药对鸡传染性支气管炎具有良好的预防作用和治疗作用,且预防效果强于治疗效果.     

鸡传支对蛋鸡的危害及防治技术

(一)鸡传支的几种表现型鸡传支全称鸡传染性支气管炎,致病原为传染性支气管炎病毒,属于冠状病毒科、冠状病毒属的病毒。鸡传染性支气管炎在临床上表现型有肾型传支和腺胃型传支、呼吸型传支,还有鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异毒株表现型,其临床症状有一定差异。鸡传染性支气管炎对蛋鸡的生长性能造成严重影响,在     

中药防治鸡传染性支气管炎的疗效观察

鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)是由IBV引起的一种仅发于鸡的急性、高度接触性呼吸道疾病。以呼吸道症状、产蛋量下降或肾脏病变为主要特征，其发病率可达20％～80％，给养鸡业带来较大的经济损失。该病血清型较多，发病后尚无特效药物治疗。但一些报道认为，中药对于该病有一定的预防和治疗效果。衡阳市自1999年以来，一些养鸡专业户饲养的土杂鸡常发IB，为了探讨该病的防制策略，我们使用大青叶、金银花、鱼腥草等中药组方，进行人工感染鸡传染性支气管炎治疗试验并在大群使用。结果表明，该中药组方对于鸡传染性支气管炎具有较好的防治作用。报告如下。     

5种藏药方剂对传染性支气管炎病毒感染鸡免疫指标的影响

采用滴鼻+点眼法对7日龄艾维因肉鸡攻毒建立传染性支气管炎感染模型,分别用5种藏药组方制剂(组方1、2、3、4、5)进行治疗试验,通过对免疫器官指数、淋巴细胞增殖性指数、抗体水平、γ-干扰素浓度的检测来研究各组方用于防治鸡传染性支气管炎的可能性。结果显示:组方5的所有检测指标均与病毒对照组差异显著(P<0.05),说明组方5能够促进法氏囊、脾脏的生长发育,加快其增重,从而提高免疫器官指数;又能促进淋巴细胞的转化,可使抗体水平升高;还能提高γ-干扰素浓度,增强机体的免疫力。组方1、2、3、4均与病毒对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),但与组方5差异显著(P<0.05)。结果表明:组方5具有促进免疫器官生长发育,加快淋巴细胞转化,提高抗体水平和γ-干扰素浓度,增强机体抗病毒感染的能力,可作为临床用药用于鸡传染性支气管炎的治疗。     

复方中药口服液对鸡传染性支气管炎的临床疗效及急性毒性研究

为研究复方中药口服液对鸡传染性支气管炎的治疗效果,试验选择鸡传染性支气管炎自然感染鸡700羽,分为中药治疗组、西药治疗组、自然感染对照组,观察复方中药口服液对自然感染鸡传染性支气管炎病毒患鸡的治疗效果。结果表明:复方中药口服液治疗组的治愈率为97.33%,肾传速康联合阿莫西林治疗组的治愈率为96.67%,前者略高于后者0.66%,均高于自然感染对照组的治愈率(74.00%);小鼠口服该口服液的最大耐受量为160 000 mg/kg。说明用该复方中药制剂治疗鸡传染性支气管炎效果较好,安全无毒。     

垂花香薷抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的效果分析

为研究中药垂花香薷抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)的作用,采用体外细胞培养的方法,对中药垂花香薷提取物进行抗IBV活性试验。结果表明,在TCID50为10-3.75时,阻断、抑制IBV的最佳浓度分别为3.91 mg/mL、1.96 mg/mL。     

复方板蓝根制剂对人工感染鸡传染性支气管炎的防治效果

鸡传染性支气管炎（Infectious bronchitis,IB）是由传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）引起的一种急性、高度接触性传染病。为了观察复方板监根制剂预防和治疗人工感染鸡传染性支气管炎的有效性,试验采用传染性支气管炎病毒标准株M41人工感染3周龄海兰褐雏鸡致其发病,于接种前后在其饮水中加入不同剂量的复方板蓝根制剂,观察了该药预防和治疗人工感染鸡传染性支气管炎的效果。     

中药对鸡传染性支气管炎防治作用的实验观察

鸡传染性支气管炎是由支气管炎病毒引起的急性、高度接触性传染病,该传染性疾病的分布范围较广,血清型众多,且不同型的病毒无法实现交叉保护,因而给鸡传染性支气管炎的防治增强了难度.而因为鸡传染性支气管炎如果得不到有效治疗,甚至会导致被传染性支气管炎病毒感染的鸡出现呼吸道或肾脏病变的情况,并因此而引发死亡.因此,为了改善这种状况,鸡传染性支气管炎的药物防治一直是临床上研究的一个重要课题.有研究表明中药对鸡传染性支气管炎的防治具有良好的临床效果,是防治鸡传染性支气管炎的不错选择.     

Congenital anorectal abnormalities in six dogs

Congenital anorectal abnormalities were diagnosed in three male and three female dogs. One dog had anal stenosis, three had a persistent anal membrane, and the other two had an imperforate anus associated with a rectovaginal fistula. Five of the dogs were treated surgically, and four of them which were followed up for periods ranging from one to five years continued to pass faeces normally.     

两种牛蛙活性肽结构及体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖作用的研究

试验旨在研究新发现的两种牛蛙活性肽对人肺癌细胞NCI-H446、人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7及小鼠白血病细胞K562 3种肿瘤细胞体外增殖的影响,为新的多肽抗肿瘤药筛选提供依据。本试验利用圆二色谱(CD)法检测两种新牛蛙活性肽的二级结构,通过MTS细胞毒试验测定不同浓度的两种新牛蛙活性肽对人肺癌细胞NCI-H446、人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7及小鼠白血病细胞K562 3种瘤细胞体外增殖的影响。圆二色谱法结果显示,Temporin-Lb的二级空间结构为聚脯氨酸Ⅱ型螺旋(PPⅡ)结构,Catesbeianin-1a的二级空间结构为无规则卷曲。MTS细胞毒试验结果显示,给予Catesbeianin-1a的3种瘤细胞培养24 h后,瘤细胞形态无明显变化,正常增殖,而给予Temporin-Lb的3种瘤细胞培养24 h后,瘤细胞发生皱缩、细胞变圆、脱落甚至死亡,增殖受到抑制,其中对Temporin-Lb在4~40 μmol/L浓度范围内对小鼠白血病细胞K562的抑制效果最为明显。结果表明,新牛蛙活性肽Temporin-Lb具有一定的抑瘤作用,Catesbeianin-1a对瘤细胞的体外增殖没有明显影响。     

Study on the Structure of Two New Bioactive Peptides from Rana catesbeiana and their Antitumor Effects in vitro

The study was aimed to research the growth inhibitory effects of two new bioactive peptides Temporin-Lb and Catesbeianin-1a from Rana catesbeiana on human lung cancer NCI-H446 cells, breast cancer MCF-7 cells and mice leukemia K562 cells, and provide the basis for selecting the new peptide antitumor drugs.The second structures of two bioactive peptides were tested by circular dichroism spectrum (CD), and the effects of the two new bioactive peptides on human lung cancer NCI-H446 cells, breast cancer MCF-7 cells and mice leukemia K562 cells were examined with MTS cytotoxicity assay.The circular dichroism spectrum results showed the secondary structure of Temporin-Lb was PPⅡ, and the secondary structure of Catesbeianin-1a was random coil.Using MTS cytotoxicity assay, it was found that given Catesbeianin-1a, the sharp of the three cancer cells above had little changed after culturing for 24 h, and the three cancer cells promoted normal.Given Temporin-Lb, the cell morphology of three cancer cells had changed after culturing for 24 h, the growth of the three cancer cells above had been inhibited, especially the bioactive peptide Temporin-Lb had a sharp antitumor effect to mice leukemia K562 cells between the concentration of 4 and 40 μmol/L.Bioactive peptide Catesbeianin-1a had no obvious effect on proliferation of the three cancer cells above.Bioactive peptide Temporin-Lb had a certain inhibitory effect to tumor cells.     

Primary and secondary bone tumours in the cat

Both primary and secondary bone tumours are rare in cats. Of the twenty-four cases of primary bone tumour, benign or malignant, in the cats of our study, the most common tumour was osteosarcoma (fifteen cats). The osteosarcomas tended to occur in aged female domestic short-hair cats; nine of the fifteen originated in the long bones of the extremities and three involved the skull. Four juxtacortical osteosarcomas, three chondro-sarcomas, and one example each of oesteoma and osteoid osteoma were found. The four juxtacortical osteosarcomas developed in relation to cranial bones, a location not recorded previously in cats.
Of the five tumour-like lesions of bone simulating primary tumours, three were aneurysmal bone cysts and two were fibrous dysplasias.
Of the twenty-nine cats with soft tissue tumours or tumour-like lesions involving bone, eleven had fibrosarcoma, eight had squamous cell carcinoma, three had lymphosarcoma, two had rhabdomyosarcoma, and one example of each was malignant melanoma, haemangiosarcoma, reticulum-cell sarcoma, meningioma and myositis ossificans.
Osteoid osteoma, fibrous dysplasia and myositis ossificans were not previously recorded in the cat.     

温度胁迫对草地早熟禾苗期生理生化特性的影响

对草地早熟禾2个品种生长在4种不同温度下苗期的根、茎、叶中可溶性糖、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质含量及硝酸还原酶(NR)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化进行研究。结果表明,与适温25℃相比,草地早熟禾各组织中可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量均增加,而可溶性蛋白质含量在叶片中则随温度的降低而升高,在根和茎中则具有波动性;同时发现2个品种对温度胁迫的反应存在差异,且品种间各器官中酶活性的变化不同,说明2个品种间和同一品种的不同器官间的抗寒、耐热能力不同,但在-7℃和40℃时3种酶的活性均较高。     

添加不同青贮菌剂对苜蓿青贮效果的影响

对所筛选的三种青贮菌剂和一种国外青贮菌荆分别添加于苜蓿青贮中,从苜蓿青贮营养成分、微生物数量、有氧稳良陛和瘤胃降解率多方面对这4种青贮菌剂进行综合评价。结果表明：自选青贮菌剂和商品青贮菌剂苜蓿青贮效果相近,各青贮菌剂添加处理的pH值、丁酸含量,酵母菌和霉菌的数量显著低于对照（p〈0．05）,提高了苜蓿青贮品质。添加三种自选青贮菌剂的苜蓿NH3／TN值显著低于对照（p〈0．05）,有效地抑制了蛋白质水解。添加自选青贮菌剂的青贮苜蓿在有氧的条件下,CO2产生量显著小于对照处理和商品青贮菌剂处理（p〈0．05）,可以提高青贮苜蓿的有氧稳定性。添加自选青筘菌剂和商品青贮菌剂对苜蓿青贮NDF、ADF含量没有显著影响,对青贮苜蓿DM和NDF的瘤胃降解率没有显著影响。     

A Retrospective Study of Prosthetic Capsule Technique for the Treatment of Problem Cases of Dislocated Hips

This article describes a technique for stabilizing coxofemoral luxations in dogs that uses placement of nonabsorbable sutures from two screws in the dorsal acetabular rim to a screw in the trochanteric fossa of the femur to create a prosthetic capsule. Twenty-one hips with luxations that were either recurrent or greater than 7 days duration were treated. Owners of 17 dogs were contacted from 4 to 40 months after surgery. Eight dogs were reported as having excellent function, three had good function, three had fair function, and three had poor function. No complications directly related to the technique were reported.     

Models for experimental infection of dogs fed with tissue from fetuses and neonatal cattle naturally infected with Neospora caninum

Three models were designed to investigate the development and enteroepithelial phase of Neospora caninum in dogs, and to induce oocyst production by the parasite. In the first model, three dogs were fed raw fetal bovine tissue on two occasions. The bovine fetal tissue had been stored at 4 °C for 14 days and 16 days, respectively, and had tested positive for neosporosis using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In the second model, nine dogs from the beginning of the experiment until euthanasia were fed portions of tissue from bovine fetuses that been stored at 4 °C for between 1 and 2 days. Three fetuses had tested positive for neosporosis using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In the third model, three dogs were fed pieces of raw tissue from two neonatal calves that had not received colostrum, and which had tested positive for antibodies against N. caninum. The brains of these calves were positive for neosporosis by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In all three models, none of the dogs excreted oocysts of N. caninum, developed intestinal parasites or seroconverted.     

Investigation of the lung flotation technique for determining pulmonary respiration in the Japanese quail

A test of the lung flotation technique was made to confirm that pulmonary respiration had commenced in foetuses of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) which had reached a stage generally considered to indicate lung inflation. The foetuses were taken when they had begun to click and sacrificed in one of three ways—chilling, decapitation or by an overdose of chloroform. The three groups were dissected and compared for various criteria. The lung flotation technique was found to be a reliable indication of lung inflation only when using chloroform or decapitation.