‘紫金四季’草莓组培快繁技术研究

以‘紫金四季’的叶片为外植体,对愈伤组织诱导、不定芽诱导、增殖培养、生根培养等组培快繁关键环节进行了研究,建立了‘紫金四季’草莓组织培养快繁技术。结果表明：‘紫金四季’幼叶较叶柄更适宜作为组培外植体,培养时叶片正面朝上放置更有利于愈伤的产生;诱导不定芽培养基以 MS 2.0mg/L TDZ 0.1mg /L NAA为佳,诱导率为50%;继代增殖培养基为 MS 1.0mg /L 6-BA 0.2 mg /L NAA,其增殖系数为6.17;生根培养基为 1 /4MS,生根率达 100% ,平均生根数达 6.6条。     

维多利亚菠萝组培快繁技术研究

以“维多利亚”菠萝品种的冠芽为外植体,采用6－BA、NAA、IBA等激素配比对芽诱导、愈伤诱导、继代增殖和生根培养。结果表明, 愈伤组织诱导率最高的为MS BA2.0 mg/L NAA0.2 mg/L。愈伤诱导不定芽最理想配比为MS 6-BA3 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L。芽的继代增殖系数较高和芽较粗壮的培养基配比为MS 6-BA2.0 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/ L,适宜生根培养基为MS＋IBA0.5 mg/L＋NAA 1 mg/L。生根率达100%。     

火龙果愈伤组织诱导及再生体系的建立

为建立稳定、快速、高效的火龙果再生体系,以金都1号火龙果不同成熟度的茎段为外植体,探讨不同激素浓度配比、培养条件等对其愈伤组织及不定芽发生的影响。结果表明: 幼芽茎段和幼嫩茎段较适宜作为火龙果的诱导外植体。诱导率明显高于成熟茎段的诱导率。幼嫩茎段诱导愈伤组织最适合的培养基是MS +TDZ 0.6 mg/L + KT 0.8 mg/L +2,4-D 1.0 mg/L,诱导率是81.7%,不定芽再生率达到36%,幼芽茎段诱导的愈伤组织培养基为MS +6BA2.0mg/L +2,4-D 1.0 mg/L,诱导率高达91.7% 愈伤组织诱导不定芽的培养基为MS+NAA 0.2mg/L+6-BA 2.0 mg/L,生根诱导最适培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg/L     

狐狸尾兰原球茎快速繁殖问题研究

[目的]为狐狸尾兰的组培快繁提供依据。[方法]以狐狸尾兰种子作外植体,研究了不同诱导培养基、增殖培养基、生根培养基在狐狸尾兰组培快繁中的效果。[结果]诱导类原球茎体以MS附加6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L的激素配比较好,分化时间短。增殖培养基为MS+6-BA0-3.0mg/L+NAA0-0.2mg/L,以MS+6-BA3.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L效果最好,平均增殖系数为3-8,把生长健壮并具有2-3片真叶的单个小芽,转接到生根培养基1/2MS+NAA1.0mg/L上,经60d培养,即可获得生长健壮的完整植株。狐狸尾兰试管苗的移栽基质以粗椰糠∶河沙=1∶1的比例混合较好,湿度80%-90%,移栽成活率达90%以上。[结论]狐狸尾兰种子在温度(25±2)℃,光照强度1500-2000lx,光照时间12h/d的条件下,最适诱导培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L;最适增殖培养基为MS+6-BA3.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA1.0mg/L。     

中华猕猴桃‘红阳’外植体不定芽诱导及生根培养基筛选

红阳’猕猴桃以其香甜味浓,口感佳,受到广大消费者的喜爱。传统种子繁殖技术存在生长周期长,性状分离且不易获得大批雌株群体等问题;而利用扦插、嫁接的方法具有成活率较低的缺点。采用组织培养技术能够保持猕猴桃的优良性状并提高其繁殖效率,是目前重要的研究方法。本文以‘红阳’猕猴桃茎段萌发的嫩芽为材料,经外植体消毒后进行离体培养,通过对培养基中的多种植物生长调节剂浓度进行调节测试,探索适合‘红阳’外植体不定芽诱导与生根培养的培养基配方。结果表明,‘红阳’叶片最适宜的不定芽诱导培养基为MS + 6-BA 3 mg/L + NAA 0.1 mg/L,‘红阳’叶柄最适宜的不定芽诱导培养基为MS + 6-BA 1 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L,‘红阳’最适宜的生根培养基为1/2MS + IBA 0.7 mg/L。使用该配方组合进行组培,可缩短‘红阳’组培育苗周期且植株长势健康良好,为生产优质‘红阳’猕猴桃苗木奠定基础。     

甜叶菊种子丛生芽诱导和植株再生

以甜叶菊种子为外植体,成功建立了快繁再生体系。基本培养基为MS,在添加了6-BA1.0mg/L和NAA0.5 mg/L的培养基上最适于丛生芽诱导,诱导率为98.6%;最佳壮苗培养基为MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L+KT0.5 mg/L+GA0.2 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L;试管苗最佳生根培养基为MS+NAA0.2 mg/L,生根率达到99.5%;生根的试管苗移栽到装有田园土的土盆中,其存活率达到82.4%。本试验为甜叶菊快速繁殖工作奠定了良好的实验基础。     

铁皮石斛的组织培养和快速无性繁殖

为了提高铁皮石斛在快速繁殖中的繁殖系数,缩短育苗的周期。以铁皮石斛的带节茎段为外植体,以MS培养基为基本培养基,采用正交实验的设计方法筛选出铁皮石斛在不定芽的诱导和不定芽增殖过程中6-BA、NAA、GA的最佳浓度配比,还研究了不同浓度NAA和IBA对铁皮石斛生根的影响。结果表明:不定芽诱导最佳的激素浓度配比为2 mg/L+6-BA 0.2 mg/LNAA+0.2 mg/LGA,不定芽增殖最佳的激素浓度配比为1 mg/L6-BA+0.5 mg/LNAA+0.2 mg/LGA,只添加NAA对不定芽生根有促进作用,当NAA浓度为0.3 mg/L时,不定芽生根效果最好。     

‘白雪公主’草莓茎尖组培快繁体系研究

以草莓品种‘白雪公主’茎尖为外植体,以MS为基础培养基,对培养前暗处理、不定芽诱导、增殖培养、生根培养等组培快繁环节进行研究,并建立了其组织培养快速繁殖体系。结果表明：暗处理3 d能够促进茎尖萌发,提高萌发速度;MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖25 g/L为适宜的诱导培养基,诱导率达82 %以上;MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖25 g/L为适宜的增殖培养基,增殖系数为8.00;1/2 MS+蔗糖20 g/L作为生根培养基为适宜的生根培养基,培养5 d后生根率达100 %,平均生根数为10条,平均根长为5.00 cm。     

单花橐吾愈伤组织诱导及分化培养条件研究

分别以单花橐吾无菌苗的子叶、真叶、叶柄、根为外植体,进行组织培养的初步研究.结果表明:单花橐吾愈伤组织诱导的最佳外植体是叶柄,最佳诱导培养基配方是MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L+蔗糖35g/L(})琼脂8.6g/L,出愈率可达99.5％,诱导效果较好;在MS+6-BA 1.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂8.6g/L中进行增殖培养可诱导出大量不定芽,成苗率可高达98.7％,每块愈伤组织平均可产生7.8个不定芽,且不定芽生长健壮;在1/2MS+NAA 0.5mg/L+ IBA 0.2mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂8.6g/L中进行生根培养,生根率可达99.7％,根白色粗壮,有细绒毛,苗生长健壮.     

早开堇菜组织培养及植株再生体系的建立

以野生早开堇菜为材料,研究了不同外植体类型(子叶节、叶片、叶柄)和不同激素配比对其不定芽诱导、愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响,成功建立了早开堇菜组织培养植株再生体系。结果表明,1) 诱导子叶节和叶柄不定芽诱导的最适培养基为 MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,叶片不适合作为直接诱导不定芽的外植体。2) 3种外植体均能诱导愈伤组织,子叶节愈伤组织诱导的时间最短,其次为叶柄,叶片最晚。子叶节和叶柄愈伤组织诱导的最适培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D,诱导率分别为98.3%和96.7%;叶片愈伤组织诱导的最适培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D+0.05 mg/L NAA,诱导率可达88.3%。3) 最适愈伤组织分化培养基为:MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,分化率为100%。4)不定芽增殖的最佳培养基为:MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.075 mg/L NAA,增殖率为4.68。 5)再生苗移植到添加1.0 mg/L 6-BA的1/2 MS培养基上,生根率92.3%。6)组培苗移栽到珍珠岩∶河沙∶腐殖质(1∶2∶2)的混合基质时,100%成活,且植株长势好。     

影响桑子叶不定芽形成的因素

用正交设计法对影响桑子叶不定芽形成的诸因素进行了比较研究。结果得出：（１）诱导培养基采用ＭＳ无机盐加即维生素、６－苄氨基嘌呤３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、吲跺乙酸０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ、果糖或葡萄糖３０ｇ／Ｌ、水解乳蛋白５００ｍｇ／Ｌ和琼脂粉６ｇ／Ｌ最为适合，不定芽诱导率达到８０％以上；（２）子叶初期培养中，光照以５００～１０００ｌｘ较为适宜；（３）预培养４～６ｄ的桑种子，其子叶不定芽诱导率较其余子叶为高。不定芽经继代培养后能在生根培养基中形成完整根系，移植到土壤后可成苗。     

秋水仙素处理桑树杂种实生苗诱导四倍体植株的研究

应用秋水仙素处理桑杂种实生苗诱导获得四倍体植株56份,诱导率为4.28％。试验结果表明,浓度0.2％的药液,处理2天即可;处理时期以5月和10月效果较优,经处理后的幼苗,一个半月后,苗株生长出现四个形态类型:(1)生长点分裂,出现顶端两枝同步生长。(2)叶片仍绉缩变型。(3)茎粗、节密或侧枝早发。(4)枝叶正形生长。从四个形态类型中选择叶肉厚、手感粗糙、生长势强的单株。经培育后抽样镜检,于处理当代选株中获得四倍体株达68—85％。其中出现于第一类型占33.73％,第二类型占41.07％,第三类型占1.79％,第四类型占23.21％,我们重视从四个类型中选择,对提高诱导率是有实用意义的。     

紫花苜蓿花药愈伤组织和幼苗诱导技术的研究

在不同时期、不同花药低温预处理时间及热激处理、不同培养基、不同激素浓度组合、不同培养条件下对苜蓿花药进行了培养,结果表明：9月份较7月、8月份选取的花药愈伤组织诱导率高;花药低温预处理24～48h较72h处理对愈伤组织诱导的效果好,低温预处理与热激处理相结合比单用低温预处理其花药愈伤组织诱导率高;NB培养基对愈伤组织的诱导效果比B5培养基好,2,4-D浓度0.5～2.0mg/L、NAA浓度0.1～1.0mg/L、6-BA浓度0.5～1.0mg/L、KT浓度1.0～3.0mg/L都能诱导出愈伤组织,其最佳的浓度组合为NB＋2,4-D 0.5mg/L＋NAA 0.2mg/L＋ 6-BA 0.5 mg/L＋KT 3mg/L;暗培养结合光照培养较直接光照培养愈伤组织诱导率低,但绿苗率较高.     

紫花苜蓿花药愈伤组织和幼苗诱导技术的研究

在不同时期、不同花药低温预处理时间及热激处理、不同培养基、不同激素浓度组合、不同培养条件下对苜蓿花药进行了培养,结果表明:9月份较7月、8月份选取的花药愈伤组织诱导率高;花药低温预处理24~48h较72h处理对愈伤组织诱导的效果好,低温预处理与热激处理相结合比单用低温预处理其花药愈伤组织诱导率高;NB培养基对愈伤组织的诱导效果比B5培养基好,2,4-D浓度0.5~2.0mg/L、NAA浓度0.1~1.0mg/L、6-BA浓度0.5~1.0mg/L、KT浓度1.0~3.0mg/L都能诱导出愈伤组织,其最佳的浓度组合为NB 2,4-D 0.5mg/L NAA 0.2mg/L 6-BA 0.5mg/L KT 3mg/L;暗培养结合光照培养较直接光照培养愈伤组织诱导率低,但绿苗率较高。     

Comparison of Compounded Deslorelin and hCG for Induction of Ovulation in Mares

Ovulation-inducing agents are routinely used in broodmare practice. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of two compounded deslorelin products and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in inducing ovulation in a clinical reproduction program. Breeding records of 203 mares administered an ovulation-inducing agent during the 2006 breeding season were reviewed. Estrous cycles were included for comparison if agents were administered when the largest follicle was 35 to 45 mm in diameter and endometrial edema was present. There was no significant difference (P > .05) in interval to ovulation for mares receiving deslorelin (1.9 ± 0.7 days) or hCG (2.0 ± 0.7 days). The percentage of mares that ovulated within 48 hours after treatment was also not significantly different between the agents (90.1% and 88.3%, respectively). In summary, clinical efficacy at inducing a timed ovulation in estrual mares with follicles 35 to 45 mm was similar between compounded deslorelin and hCG.     

禽源大肠杆菌L型诱导及对常用抗菌药物敏感性研究

为了研究大肠杆菌L型,以氨苄青霉素作为诱导剂,采用药物纸片法对细菌进行反复传代,革兰氏染色及细胞壁染色、镜检,观察菌落及菌体形态,对稳定的L型菌进行致病性及药物敏感性试验。结果表明,大肠杆菌经11次传代可形成稳定的L型菌,且该L菌具有致病性;L型菌对氨苄西林、头孢他啶、头孢唑啉具有一定的耐药性。本研究为开展L型菌检测及指导临床用药提供理论依据。     

柞蚕蛹溶菌酶的诱导与提取

本文报道热空气、大肠杆菌K_(12)D_(31)诱导柞蚕蛹(Antheraea pernyi)血淋巴溶菌酶活力提高的最适条件以及从柞蚕蛹免疫血淋巴中提取溶菌酶.以Sephadex G-50和CM-Sepharose柱层析法从柞蚕蛹免疫血淋巴中提取溶菌酶,并首次获得柞蚕蛹溶菌酶结晶,溶菌酶制剂比活力达到57353单位/mg蛋白,提高了257倍,总活力回收79.2%.首次应用选择性热变性,等电点沉淀、DEAE-纤维素离子交换层析、包被甲壳素-纤维素亲和层析等分离技术从柞蚕蛹免疫血淋巴中提取溶菌酶.溶菌酸制剂比活力达25 375单位/mg蛋白,提高了140倍,活力回收51%.用15%、pH4.0聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)和3.0-100%.pH6.7-8.9SDS-PAGE鉴定了酶制剂的纯度,并测定了柞蚕蛹溶菌酶的部分氨基酸组成.     

Does l‐Asparaginase Influence Efficacy or Toxicity When Added to a Standard CHOP Protocol for Dogs with Lymphoma?

The purpose of this study was to evaluate response rates, 1st remission duration (FRD), and toxicity in dogs with previously untreated lymphoma receiving an identical CHOP-based combination chemotherapy protocol with or without L-asparaginase (LASP). One hundred fifteen dogs with lymphoma were scheduled to receive an identical CHOP-based chemotherapy protocol that included L-ASP. However, because of manufacturer-imposed random rationing, 31 dogs did not receive L-ASP as scheduled. The 2 treatment groups were statistically similar with respect to signalment and presence of historical negative prognostic factors. No difference was observed in the median FRD whether dogs did or did not receive L-ASP (206 versus 217 days, respectively; P = .67). No difference was observed in the median overall survival times between dogs receiving or not receiving L-ASP (310 versus 308 days, respectively; P = .84). No statistical difference was observed with respect to overall response rate between dogs that did or did not receive L-ASP (89.3% versus 87.1%, respectively; P = .75). Complete response rates between the groups also were no different (83.3% and 77.4% for L-ASP and non-L-ASP groups, respectively; P = .59). Prevalence of toxicity (neutropenia, diarrhea, or vomiting) and treatment delays (P = .80) also were similar between groups. The results of this study suggest that exclusion of L-ASP in this multidrug protocol does not significantly impact outcome. Therefore, it may be more appropriate to reserve the use of L-ASP for treating relapse in dogs with lymphoma that have failed induction therapy.