免疫增强剂硒对雏鸡免疫功能的影响

300只1日龄南海黄雏鸡随机分为5组，Ⅰ－Ⅳ组为加硒试验组，Ⅴ组为不加硒对照组。全部试验鸡均饲喂不缺硒饲料（含硒0．18mg/kg)，并以饮水方式进行新城疫首免和2免。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别于2次免疫前2d起连续3d以亚硒酸钠饮水给硒0．25、0．5、0．75、1．0mg/kg。结果表明，各组平均血清硒含量变化与饮水给硒剂量一致；Ⅰ－Ⅳ组的新城疫HI抗体滴度显著或极显著地高于Ⅴ组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；Ⅲ、Ⅳ组体重显著或极显著地高于Ⅴ组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；各加硒试验组特别是Ⅲ组在红细胞Ⅰ型补体受体（CR1）活性较Ⅴ组高；各组免疫器官指数未出现显著性差异。     

亚硒酸钠饮水对新城疫免疫雏鸡血清中红细胞免疫调节因子的影响

通过饮水给予亚硒酸钠的方式，测定了硒对新城设免疫雏鸡血清中红细胞免疫调节因子的影响及血清因子变化规律。结果，加硒组与不加硒组相比，血清红细胞免疫促进因子活性显著升高，而抑制因子活性无显著变化，表明硒对红细胞免疫促进因子起刺激作用；不加硒组雏鸡红细胞免疫促进因子活性随日龄增加而升高，红细胞免疫功能逐步增强；硒在促进雏鸡红细胞免疫功能上存在一个最佳剂量范围，给硒剂量过大或过小均不能有效的增强红细胞免疫     

微生态制剂对新城疫免疫雏鸡红细胞免疫粘附功能及生产性能的影响

150只1日龄雏鸡随机分成5组，第2～5组为加不同微生态制剂组．第1组为不加微生态制剂对照组。全部鸡饲喂基础日粮，并以滴鼻、点眼方式进行新城疫两次免疫。其中第2～5组分别在日粮中添加不同微生态制剂。试验结果表明：各试验组生产性能均高于对照组：第2、3、5组雏鸡的增重显著或极显著地高于第1组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）：各微生态制剂组红细胞免疫粘附功能均较对照组为高，其中以第5组最为明显。     

大豆黄酮与低聚木糖对蛋用雏鸡生长性能及免疫器官指数的影响

将1日龄海兰褐蛋用母雏鸡400只随机分为5个处理组,每组设4个重复,每重复20只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,不添加任何药物。试验组为Ⅱ～Ⅴ组,在基础日粮中分别添加10mg/kg大豆黄酮、200mg/kg低聚木糖、10mg/kg大豆黄酮+200mg/kg的低聚木糖,抗生素组每1kg饮水中添加0.5g盐酸恩诺沙星混饮。试验期5周。结果表明,在蛋用雏鸡日粮中添加一定比例的低聚木糖与大豆黄酮对提高蛋雏鸡生长性能和免疫器官指数具有显著的效果。     

核黄素对肉仔鸡免疫功能和生产性能的影响

100只1日龄肉仔鸡随机分成4组，每组25只，I－Ⅲ组为试验组，第Ⅳ组为对照组。对照组喂以基础日粮，其他3组分别喂以含核黄素3．6、7．2、14．4mg/kg的日粮，饲喂6周后观察它们对肉仔鸡外周血细胞、免疫器官及生产性能的影响，结果表明：各试验组鸡血浆中白细胞及异嗜细胞数目均高于对照组，其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ组异嗜细胞数与对照组差异显著（P＜0．05）；脾体比试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与对照组有显著差异，I组与对照组无差异；各试验组生产性能也均高于对照组。试验结果表明，核黄素可提高机体的抗感染能力及和免疫力，并可提高肉仔鸡生产性能。     

圆葱寡糖对肉鸡生长发育及免疫功能的影响

将 114只肉鸡随机分为 3组 ,4个重复。第 2组为试验组 ,在饲料中添加圆葱寡糖 (5mg/kg) ,第 1、3组为对照组 ,分别在饲料中添加免疫多糖 (1.0 3mg/kg)和维吉尼霉素 (5mg/kg)。添加圆葱寡糖后 ,观察鸡的生长状况、免疫器官及免疫性能的变化。结果表明 ,试验组与对照组在增加肉鸡体重和提高饲料报酬方面无显著性差异。 31日龄脾脏重及相对重 (脾脏重 /体重 ) ,试验组高于对照组 ,与抗生素组比较差异极显著 ,与免疫多糖组比较差异显著。 31日龄胸腺重及相对重无显著性差异。 10日龄抗体水平、白细胞数与对照组比较差异不显著。     

不同硒源及添加水平对断奶仔猪血清免疫指标的影响

为研究饲粮中添加不同来源、不同水平的硒对断奶仔猪血清免疫指标的影响,选择35日龄断奶的杜长大仔猪60头为研究对象,按体重相近、性别一致的原则随机分为5个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,4个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加亚硒酸钠0.3 mg/kg、亚硒酸钠0.5 mg/kg、酵母硒0.3 mg/kg、酵母硒0.5 mg/kg。结果表明,与对照组相比,4个试验组IgG含量分别提高7.55%（P＜0.05）、2.81%（P＞0.05）、19.49%（P＜0.05）、9.06%（P＜0.05）,IgA含量分别显著提高28.20%、9.81%、38.58%、22.61%,IgM 含量分别显著提高55.17%、43.84%、84.73%、78.82%,C3含量分别显著提高37.99%、25.00%、46.10%、22.73%,C4含量分别显著提高56.52%、26.09%、91.30%、41.30%。说明在饲粮中添加硒对断奶仔猪免疫指标有提高的作用,以0.3 mg/kg的添加量作用效果更好;不同硒源作用不尽相同,酵母硒的作用效果相对更明显一些。     

蛋氨酸螯合锌对绿头野鸭免疫器官指数及血液指标的影响

本试验研究蛋氨酸螯合锌对绿头野鸭免疫器官指数及血液指标的影响,探讨蛋氧酸螯合锌的最佳添加剂量.试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计,1日龄供试野鸭54只,分为3个处理组,每个处理3个重复,第1组为对照组,添加150 ms/kg硫酸锌;第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组,分别添加75 mg/kg硫酸锌 150 mg/kg蛋氨酸螯合锌、300 mg/kg蛋氨酸螯合锌.研究结果表明,各试验组的免疫器官指数均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);尿素氮水平显著降低(P＜0.05).其他血液指标均无显著变化.     

硫酸粘杆菌素对雏鸡红细胞的影响

通过测定红细胞C3b受体(C3bR)花环率和免疫复合物(IC)花环率,研究了不同添加剂量的硫酸粘杆菌素对雏鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响。试验分为5组,分别为I组(基础日粮对照组)、II组(基础日粮+20mg/kg硫酸粘杆菌素试验组)、III组(基础日粮+40mg/kg硫酸粘杆菌素试验组)、IV组(基础日粮+60mg/kg硫酸粘杆菌素试验组)和V组(基础日粮+80mg/kg硫酸粘杆菌素试验组),结果表明,随日龄和剂量增加,雏鸡红细胞C3b受体花环率和免疫复合物花环率下降,说明不同剂量硫酸粘杆菌素均可不同程度导致雏鸡免疫功能受损,其中80mg/kg添加组最为明显。     

糖萜素对仔猪免疫功能的影响研究

本试验研究了饲料中添加糖萜素对早期断奶仔猪免疫机能的影响。采用完全随机试验设计将试验分为5组，第Ⅰ组为对照组；第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别添加250 mg/kg糖萜素、500 mg/kg糖萜素、250 mg/kg糖萜素+4 mg/kg黄霉素、4 mg/kg黄霉素。研究结果表明：糖萜素单独使用及与黄霉素合用均能提高仔猪血清中TP、GLO和G/A的值，以第Ⅲ组的效果最好；糖萜素单独使用及与黄霉素合用能显著提高血清IgA水平（P<0.05）,各试验组比对照组分别提高43.21%、104.89%、73.21%、27.74%；IgG各试验组比对照组分别提高10.50%、12.07%、11.05%、10.26%；血清中BUN各试验组比对照组分别增加2.67%、2.96%、2.81%、2.52%，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；血清中GLU各组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；血清中AST、ALT和ALP第Ⅲ组显著（P<0.05）高于其他组，而LDH活性各试验组与对照组相比分别下降2.71%、4.02%、2.96%、1.65%。     

Monensin toxicosis in swine: potentiation by tiamulin administration and ameliorative effect of treatment with selenium and/or vitamin E

Modulation of acute monensin toxicosis in swine was evaluated in 2 studies. In study 1, 56 weanling male pigs were allotted to 14 groups of 4 each. Pigs in 7 groups were given tiamulin in the drinking water (to supply 7.7 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 3 days before and for 2 days after monensin administration. Monensin was given as a single oral dose (at 0, 7.5, 15, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg) to pigs in groups with or without tiamulin exposure. Prominent acute clinical signs of monensin toxicosis (hypermetria, hind limb ataxia, paresis, knuckling of hind limbs, and recumbency) developed by 2 to 6 hours after dosing in pigs given 15 or 25 mg of monensin/kg with tiamulin exposure, but not in pigs given the 15 or 25 mg of monensin/kg without tiamulin exposure. Also, the extent of monensin-induced skeletal muscle damage at 4 days after monensin dosing was enhanced in pigs given 7.5, 15, or 25 mg of monensin/kg and exposed to tiamulin. In study 2, 48 weanling male pigs were allotted to 8 groups of 6 each. Four groups of pigs were given 20 mg of monensin/kg orally, and 4 groups were given 100 mg of monensin/kg orally. For each monensin dose, a group was treated 24 hours before monensin administration with (i) selenium (Se)-vitamin E preparation, 0.25 mg of Se and 68 IU of d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E)/kg, IM; (ii) vitamin E only, 68 IU of d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg; (iii) Se only, 0.25 mg of Se/kg; or (iv) vehicle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Effect of selenium supplementation on semen characteristics of Brazil's ram

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of oral supplementation with selenium (Se) upon ram sperm parameters. Thirty rams managed in stall under intensive system were used and divided into five groups (six animals per group) as follows: control group (G1) mineral mixture supplementation without Se, group 2 (G2) mineral mixture supplemented with 5 mg/kg Se, group 3 (G3) supplemented with 10 mg/kg Se, group 4 (G4) supplemented with 15 mg/kg Se and group 5 (G5) supplemented with 20 mg/kg Se. For each group, there was an adjustment period of 14 days. The experimental period was 350 days. Every 56 days, the animals were weighed and semen samples were collected by electroejaculation. Semen analysis included volume, mass moviment, total motility, vigour, concentration and morphology. For plasmatic and acrosomal membrane integrity evaluation and mitochondrial membrane potential were used a combination of fluorescent probes. Differences between means values obtained by analysis of variance were verified by Tukey test with 5% probability. There was no statistical difference between treatment groups in relation to volume, mass moviment, total motility, vigour, concentration, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity (p > .05). Sperm morphology was different between treatment groups, the G1 (0 mg of selenium) had the highest percentage of major defects (11.11 ± 1.11^a; p < .05). It was concluded that selenium decrease the percentage of sperm defects and did not directly influence on ram sperm volume, mass moviment, total motility, vigour, concentration and membrane integrity.     

酵母硒和纳米硒对育肥后期乳鸽生长性能、肉中微量元素含量及血清抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究酵母硒和纳米硒对育肥后期乳鸽生长性能、肉中微量元素含量及血清抗氧化指标的影响。将210只21日龄健康的美国王鸽随机分成7组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只。试验采用2(硒源)×4(硒水平)双因素随机试验设计,饲粮硒源分别为酵母硒和纳米硒,硒添加水平分别为0(对照,饲喂硒含量为0.08 mg/kg的基础饲粮)、0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg(以硒计)。预试期3 d,正试期7 d。结果表明:1)各组乳鸽平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比无显著差异(P0.05)。2)各加硒组乳鸽肉中硒含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05),且随着硒添加水平的升高而增加,硒源和添加水平之间存在显著交互作用(P0.05);与对照组相比,0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的酵母硒组肉中硒含量分别显著提高了28.72%、62.09%、106.05%(P0.05),0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的纳米硒组分别显著提高了19.83%、26.12%、45.65%(P0.05),且酵母硒组肉中硒的含量显著高于纳米硒组(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,0.3、0.5 mg/kg硒的酵母硒和纳米硒组乳鸽血清总超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性及总抗氧化能力均显著提高(P0.05),血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.05);与对照组、0.1 mg/kg组相比,0.3、0.5 mg/kg组血清过氧化氢酶活性、总抗氧化能力显著提高(P0.05),血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加酵母硒和纳米硒均能显著增强育肥后期乳鸽血清抗氧化性能,显著提高鸽肉中硒的含量。     

大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受性研究

本试验旨在通过研究酵母硒对大口黑鲈生长性能、血浆生化指标、组织抗氧化指标及肝脏组织结构的影响,评价大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受性。在基础饲料中分别添加0(Y0)、0.5(Y0.5)、2.5(Y2.5)、5.0 mg/kg(Y5.0)(以硒计)酵母硒,其中0.5 mg/kg是硒的最高推荐剂量,2.5和5.0 mg/kg分别是最高推荐剂量(0.5 mg/kg)的5和10倍。基础饲料本底硒含量为0.76 mg/kg。选用初始体重为(12.99±0.01)g大口黑鲈,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20尾,试验期为10周。结果表明:Y0组增重率和摄食率最低,同时其饲料系数也最低,均显著低于其余各组(P0.05)。Y0组血浆中碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y0.5组血浆中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y2.5组血浆中尿素氮含量显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y2.5组、Y5.0组血浆中免疫球蛋白M含量显著高于Y0组、Y0.5组(P0.05)。与Y0组相比,酵母硒的添加显著降低了血浆中丙二醛的含量(P0.05),且显著提高了血浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性(P0.05)。Y5.0组肝脏硒含量显著高于Y0组、Y 0.5组(P0.05),与Y2.5组无显著差异(P0.05)。硒日摄入量和肝脏硒含量呈显著线性相关(P0.05),肝脏硒含量随硒日摄入量的提高呈线性增加。各组大口黑鲈的肝脏都有不同程度的损伤,但添加0.5 mg/kg酵母硒对肝脏损伤有缓减作用。由上述结果可知,饲料中添加0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(总硒含量为1.29 mg/kg)对大口黑鲈具有一定的脂肪代谢促进作用和抗氧化保护功能,且对大口黑鲈是安全的。本试验条件下,综合生长性能、血浆生化指标、组织抗氧化指标及肝脏组织结构,饲料本底硒含量为0.76 mg/kg时,大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受剂量为0.5 mg/kg(以硒计),即为硒的最高推荐剂量,安全系数为1。鱼粉、磷虾粉等动物蛋白质源中含有较高水平的硒元素,因此在高鱼粉水产动物饲料中补充硒要慎重。     

不同硒源及水平对肉鸡组织硒含量及抗氧化功能的影响

本文旨在研究和比较不同硒源及水平对爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡生长性能、组织硒含量和抗氧化功能的影响,并探讨在生产中应用较低水平(0.20 mg/kg)有机硒替代较高水平(0.30 mg/kg)无机硒的可行性.选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡600只,随机分为5组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)及在基础饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg硒(以亚硒酸钠形式)(SS组)、0.20 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SY Ⅰ组)、0.30 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SYⅡ组)和0.30 mg/kg混合硒(亚硒酸钠和酵母硒形式硒各0.15mg/kg)(MS组)的试验饲粮,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡.试验期42 d.结果表明:1)SYⅡ组肉鸡前期平均日采食量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),饲粮添加各水平有机硒均显著降低了肉鸡全期平均日采食量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).2)与对照组和SS组相比,添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了肉鸡胸肌中的硒含量(P＜0.01),且以SYⅡ组最高,显著高于其他各组(P＜0.01);SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆中的硒含量显著高于对照组(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01);添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了42 d肉鸡肝脏中的硒含量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).3)在试验前期(1 ～21 d),较SS组,SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05);较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡肝脏T-SOD的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).在试验后期(22 ～42 d),较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆和肝脏GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),各添加有机硒组肉鸡的血浆丙二醛含量均显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与对照组相比,MS组肉鸡肝脏过氧化氢酶(P＜0.05)和GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.01).由此可知,饲粮添加0.30 mg/kg酵母硒能够提高肉鸡组织硒沉积量,对其生长性能和抗氧化功能的改善效果最佳;饲粮添加0.20 mg/kg的酵母硒替代0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠,在改善肉鸡的生长性能、提高组织硒含量和抗氧化功能方面是可行的.     

The role of selenium in cadmium toxicity: interactions with essential and toxic elements

1. The study was part of a project designed to investigate if organic selenium (Se) can ameliorate the toxic effects of cadmium (Cd). The main objective of the present study was to investigate, in the chicken, the interactions between Se, Cd and the following elements: Sb, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V and Zn.

2. A total of 300 1-d-old chickens (broilers) were randomly distributed among 4 dietary treatments with 5 replicate pens per treatment. In T1, chickens were fed on a diet with 0·3?mg/kg added Se, without added Cd. In T2, chickens were fed on a diet with 0·3?mg/kg Se and 10?mg/kg Cd. In T3, chickens were fed on a diet with 0·3?mg/kg Se and 100?mg/kg of Cd added and in T4 treatment, chickens were fed on a diet with 3?mg/kg Se and 100?mg/kg Cd added. Se was added as Se-yeast. Cd was added as cadmium chloride (CdCl₂). On d 28 and 42, two chickens per replicate pen were killed for collection of whole blood, liver, kidney and breast muscle samples. Samples were analysed by ICP-MS. The data were analysed using a multivariate linear model.

3. While low Cd concentrations in the diet led only to an increase of Cd concentration in the examined tissues, addition of high concentrations of Cd increased the concentration of Cd, Cu, Sb and V and decreased that of Se, Mn and Fe. Addition of high Se concentrations did not significantly reduce Cd concentration.

4. Prior to model application, correlations of 78 elements were noted, while after model application 39 correlations were noted. Most notably, Cd was correlated with Ca, Co, Cu and Mg, while Se was correlated with Mn.

5. The present study revealed several correlations between essential, probably essential and toxic elements illustrating the importance of the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants.     

Effects of excessive selenium supplementation to diet contaminated with deoxynivalenol on blood phagocytic activity and antioxidative status of broilers

This study examined the effects of excessive dietary supplementation with organic selenium on phagocytic activity and antioxidative status of chickens for fattening fed diet contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON). Sixty chickens of Ross 308 hybrids were at day of hatching divided into four groups with 15 birds in each. The background DON dietary levels in both negative and positive control groups were 0.2 mg/kg. The complete feed for positive control group was supplemented with Se dose 1 mg/kg in the form of Se-yeast. Group 3 was fed diet with DON level 3 mg/kg while diet for group 4 combined DON level 3 mg/kg with a excessive supplement of Se-yeast (Se dose 1 mg/kg). After 6 weeks of dietary intake, six randomly-chosen chickens from each group were sampled. Feeding of contaminated diet resulted in significantly reduced blood phagocytic activity (19.5 ± 1.1% in the negative control vs. 12.8 ± 0.8% in the DON-treated group, p < 0.05). Se-yeast supplemented to the DON contaminated diet prevented suppression of phagocytic activity. Dietary intake of DON at levels 3 mg/kg did not influence the plasma α-tocopherol level while excessive dietary Se dose reduced it in both Se supplemented groups. Neither the birds of DON-treated group nor the birds from group 4 with DON and Se-yeast showed any response in plasma γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. Subtoxic dietary level of DON significantly increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the duodenal mucosa, while additional Se supplementation prevented such a response to mycotoxin. On the other hand, both Se supplemented groups showed significantly elevated GPx activities in blood, liver and kidney, (p < 0.05). The results suggest a potential ability of excessive supplementation of organic selenium to prevent the blood phagocytic activity suppression and changes in GPx activity in duodenal tissue induced in broilers by subtoxic dietary levels of DON.     

Vitamin E and organic selenium enhances the antioxidative status and quality of chicken semen under high ambient temperature

1. The effects of supplemental dietary vitamin E and organic selenium (Se), and their combination, on improving semen quality characteristics and antioxidative status were investigated in cockerels exposed to high ambient temperature.

2. A total of 36 Egyptian local cross males, 40 weeks old, were housed individually in cages in an open-sided building (average daily temperature ranged from 33 to 36°C and relative humidity from 60 to 70%). Birds were divided randomly into 4 experimental treatments (n?=?9 each): (1) control (basal diet without any supplementation with vitamin E or Se); (2) vitamin E (basal diet +200?mg α-tocopherol acetate/kg diet); (3) Se (basal diet +0·3?mg organic Se/kg diet); and (4) vitamin E?+?Se (basal diet +200?mg α-tocopherol acetate/kg diet +0·3?mg organic Se/kg diet).

3. Under heat stress conditions, inclusion of vitamin E and/or organic Se in the diets enhanced the semen quality traits, including the spermatozoa count and motility, and reduced the percentage of dead spermatozoa.

4. A combination of 200?mg/kg vitamin E with 0·3?mg/kg organic Se reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance concentration in seminal plasma samples to about 28% of the controls; and also enhanced the seminal plasma glutathione peroxidase activity by two-fold compared with controls.

5. It was concluded that dietary vitamin E in combination with organic Se has a synergistic effect in minimising lipid peroxidation and improving the antioxidative status in seminal plasma of the domestic fowl, which probably translated into enhanced spermatozoa count, motility and reduced percentage of dead spermatozoa under heat stress conditions.     

Effect of higher levels of dietary selenium on production performance and immune responses in growing Japanese quail

1. The effect of increasing dietary selenium (Se) on production performance and immune responses in growing (0 to 6 weeks) Japanese quail was investigated. 2. One-day-old chicks (240) were randomly selected and divided into 12 groups with 20 chicks in each group (3 dietary treatments x 4 replicates). The basal diet contained 0.2 mg Se/kg and the two experimental diets were supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 mg Se/kg. 3. Body weight gain, food intake and food conversion ratio and mortality were not affected by Se supplementation. 4. On d 28, antibody responses to inoculated sheep red blood cells were determined. Antibody titres were significantly higher after feeding the two Se-supplemented diets. 5. During week 4, the response to intradermally injected phytohaemagglutinin, an index of the in vivo cell-mediated immune response, was shown to be increased in the groups fed on the Se-supplemented diets. 6. After 6 weeks, the relative weights of the bursa of Fabricius and thymus were greater in the chicks given the Se-supplemented diets but there was no effect on the relative weight of spleen and liver. 7. It is concluded that supplementing the diet with Se has a beneficial effect on immune responses but does not affect production performance in growing Japanese quail.     

饲粮添加维生素E和酵母硒对黄羽肉种鸡产蛋性能、孵化性能及蛋中维生素E和硒沉积量的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加维生素E和酵母硒对黄羽肉种鸡产蛋性能、孵化性能及蛋中维生素E和硒(Se)沉积量的影响。试验采用3×3双因子设计,设3个维生素E添加水平(0、20、40 IU/kg)和3个Se添加水平(0、0.15、0.30 mg/kg)。选用32周龄快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡父母代种母鸡864只,根据产蛋率和体重一致性原则随机分成9个组,分别为VE_0Se_0组、VE_0Se_(0.15)组、VE_0Se_(0.30)组、VE_(20)Se_0组、VE_(20)Se_(0.15)组、VE_(20)Se_(0.30)组、VE_(40)Se_0组、VE_(40)Se_0.15组和VE_(40)Se_0.30组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。试验期8周。结果表明:1)饲粮中维生素E和Se添加水平对黄羽肉种鸡的体增重、平均日产蛋量、料蛋比、平均蛋重、产蛋率、破蛋率和不合格蛋率均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)饲粮中维生素E和Se添加水平对黄羽肉种鸡的蛋长径、蛋短径、蛋白高度、蛋黄颜色、哈氏单位、蛋黄重、蛋壳重和蛋壳厚度均无显著影响(P0.05)。3)饲粮中维生素E和Se添加水平对黄羽肉种鸡的健雏出壳重、孵化率、弱雏率和受精率均无显著影响(P0.05)。4)饲粮中维生素E添加水平对黄羽肉种鸡血浆MDA含量有显著影响(P0.05),随饲粮中维生素E添加水平的升高血浆MDA含量呈降低趋势,其中维生素E添加水平为40 IU/kg时血浆MDA含量显著低于0 IU/kg时(P0.05);饲粮中维生素E和Se添加水平对血浆MDA含量有显著交互作用(P0.05),其中VE_(40)Se_0组的血浆MDA含量显著低于VE_0Se_(0.15)和VE_0Se_(0.30)组(P0.05)。5)随饲粮中维生素E和Se添加水平的升高,黄羽肉种鸡蛋中维生素E和Se含量显著增加(P0.05);饲粮中维生素E和Se添加水平对蛋中维生素E和Se含量有显著交互作用(P0.05)。结果提示,维生素E可以提高黄羽肉种鸡的抗氧化水平,饲粮中维生素E和Se添加水平可以显著影响蛋中维生素E和Se的含量;建议在无任何应激因素刺激和不使用Se缺乏地区饲料原料的情况下,黄羽肉种鸡玉米-豆粕型饲粮可以不用额外添加维生素E和Se。