一例肉用仔兔魏氏梭菌病的诊治

兔魏氏梭菌病又称魏氏梭菌性肠炎,是由魏氏梭菌毒素引起的中毒性传染病,各品种的兔均可感染,以1～3月龄仔兔发病率最高.冬春季节发病较多,此时青饲料减少,谷类饲料过多,从而引起肠道正常菌群平衡失调及厌氧状态,使魏氏梭菌大量繁殖,产生毒素引起本病的暴发,其特征是急性腹泻,排出腥臭、带血、呈胶冻样或黑褐色粪便.笔者最近遇到一例魏氏梭菌感染的病例,现将发病过程和诊治情况报告如下.     

初产母猪发生魏氏梭菌病的诊治

猪魏氏梭菌病又叫猪梭菌性肠炎、猪传染性坏死性肠炎。魏氏梭菌是一种革兰氏阳性，有荚膜，不运动的厌氧大杆菌。C型菌株主要产生仪和P毒素，其毒素引起猪肠毒血症、坏死性肠炎。该病发病期短、死亡快、死亡率高，以排出红褐色带血稀粪，全身实质器官及消化道出血，小肠节段坏死为特征。本病主要发生在1～3日龄初生仔猪，初产母猪很少发病。笔者在临床上曾诊治过4例发病初产母猪，现介绍如下。     

兔魏氏梭菌病的防治

兔魏氏梭菌病又称魏氏梭菌性肠炎,是由魏氏梭菌毒素引起的一种中毒性传染病,其特征是急性腹泻,排出腥臭、带血、呈胶冻样或黑褐色粪便,给畜牧业带来损失,严重影响了养兔业的发展。     

D型魏氏梭菌毒素研究进展

魏氏梭菌病是由魏氏梭菌引起的一种重要的人兽共患传染病。可导致各种动物的肠毒血症或坏死性肠炎,D型魏氏梭菌病包括牛、羔羊、绵羊、山羊以及灰鼠的肠毒血症等。D型魏氏梭菌所产的毒素是引起动物死亡的重要因素之一,本文综述了D型魏氏梭菌毒素的结构、功能以及检测方法的研究进展。     

雏鸡魏氏梭菌病的诊断和防治

感染禽类的魏氏梭菌主要是A型魏氏梭菌,其次是C型魏氏梭菌,可分为临床型疾病和亚临床型疾病两种.临床型坏死性肠炎主要危害2~5周龄的雏鸡,临床特征为急性死亡和高死亡率,给养禽业带来巨大的经济损失.亚临床型疾病主要表现为肠黏膜局灶性坏死、肝炎或胆管性肝炎.同时,魏氏梭菌还能引起人类和其他动物发病.因此,对魏氏梭菌病的防治就显得尤为重要.本文主要讨论了雏鸡魏氏梭菌病的临床症状及病理剖检变化、发病原因,并提出有效防治措施,为该病的防治提供参考.     

獭兔魏氏梭菌病的诊断及防治

兔魏氏梭菌病又称为兔魏氏梭菌性肠炎或兔肠毒血症，它是由A型魏氏梭菌及其毒素引起的急性传染病，以急性水样腹泻和高死亡率为特征。我校兔场饲养400余只獭兔。2005年6月发生一种以急性下痢，高传染性、高死亡率为特征的疾病，死亡40余只，兔龄均在3月龄左右。病兔一旦出现腹泻，1～2d内即死亡。开始误诊为兔球虫病，并立即用抗球虫药治疗，同时用庆大霉素按每公斤体重4万IU肌肉注射，每天注射两次，连用3d。结果，疫情非但没有得到控制，     

兔的魏氏梭菌病

兔魏氏梭菌病(又称兔魏氏梭菌性肠炎或兔肠毒血症)。是由魏氏梭菌所引起的以急性下痢为特征的家兔消化道疾病。 魏氏梭菌有6个菌型,可分泌12种毒素。家兔魏氏梭菌病是由A型(我国1979年才发现)或E型及其所产生的外毒毒所引起的。该致病菌广泛存在于动物的肠道、粪便及土壤中,在正常情况下,增殖缓慢,产毒量少。当气候和饲料突变,动物胃肠道环     

兔大肠杆菌与魏氏梭菌混合感染的诊治

兔大肠杆菌病是由致病性埃希氏大肠杆菌及其毒素引起的一种暴发性、死亡率很高的传染病，主要侵害断乳前后的仔兔，成年兔很少发病。兔魏氏梭菌病也称梭菌性下痢，是由A型魏氏梭菌及其毒素引起的以消化道为主的全身性疾病，以泻下大量水样粪便和脱水死亡为特征。在临床中，常见两者混合感染。现将一起兔大肠杆菌与魏氏梭菌混合感染的病例报告如下。     

肉鸡坏死性肠炎的诊治

肉鸡坏死性肠炎是由C型魏氏梭菌产生α、β毒素感染后导致肠粘膜坏死的一种急性传染病，以1—4月龄鸡感染多见，对育成鸡、产蛋鸡均能构成一定危害。     

一起兔魏氏梭菌病的诊治

兔魏氏梭菌病又称兔魏氏梭菌性肠炎,是由A型魏氏梭菌所产毒素引起的肠毒血症。以急性腹泻、排黑色水样粪便、盲肠浆膜出血斑和胃黏膜出血、溃疡为主要特征。     

一种A型魏氏梭状芽孢杆菌氢氧化铝灭活疫苗及其控制猪“猝死症”的效果

Ａ型魏氏梭状芽孢杆菌ＸＰ５株分离自典型猝死症病猪，将其制成氢氧化铝灭活疫苗。疫苗０．６ｍｌ、２ｍｌ和４ｍｌ的剂量可以分别保护小鼠、兔和猪抵抗标准Ａ型魏氏梭状芽孢杆菌毒素１ＭＬＤ的攻击。在两个疫病流行区应用了疫苗，１２１５头接种疫苗猪中死于猝死症的有１２头，死亡率０．９９％，８１５２头未接种疫苗的对照猪中，死于猝死症的有２８４头，死亡率３．４８％，二者显著差异（Ｘ２＝１２．２３，Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

产气荚膜梭菌ε毒素及其疫苗研究进展

产气荚膜梭菌病是由产气荚膜梭菌引起的一种重要的人兽共患传染病,可导致山羊、绵羊等动物的肠毒血症或坏死性肠炎,并且可引起动物脑、心、肺和肾组织的水肿.B型和D 型产气荚膜梭菌所产生的ε毒素是引起动物上述病理变化和死亡的重要因素之一.虽然甲醛灭活的毒素疫苗能对动物产生保护性抗体,但是,灭活苗潜在的安全性原因使其在应用上受到限制.因此,基于ε毒素基因的重组疫苗和弱毒疫苗就成为人们研究的目标.     

渭南市部分地区牛猝死症的调查与诊断

为了探讨2006年-2009年期间渭南市部分地区发生猝死症病牛的发病状况和发病原因,应用流行病学调查、临床症状检查、病理学检查及细菌学检验等方法,对该地的病牛进行调查和诊断.结果表明,该地区牛猝死症多呈地方性散发流行,但发病急、致死率高,危害较为严重;病理学特征主要表现为多个组织器官出血性变化;常见有毒农药检验为阴性;...     

CONTROL OF BLUETONGUE IN AN EPIZOOTIC SITUATION: AUSTRALIAN PLANS

Epizootics of BT outside Africa have occurred in the Middle East, Indian subcontinent, Spain and Portugal, and the United States of America. The disease has only been eradicated from a major region once, this being Spain and Portugal in 1956-60 when it was achieved by quarantine, compulsory vaccination and slaughter of some infected animals. Because of the serious economic effect that BT would have on the Australian sheep industry the policy in this country is to attempt eradication, if at all feasible. The prospects of eradication will be greatly enhanced if the disease can be diagnosed quickly, when the outbreak is still localised. The laboratory diagnosis of BT involves inoculation of blood samples, collected from febrile animals on the suspect property, into groups of susceptible sheep in insect-proof quarters. The diagnosis would be confirmed at the reference laboratory in South Africa by serological and other identity tests. The diagnosis of an outbreak that originated in the northern cattle areas might be very difficult, because of the probable mild clinical nature of the disease in cattle. It is suggested that sentinel sheep flocks be maintained in these areas in strategic places near likely points of entry. Control measures, based on current knowledge of the epizootiology and pathogenesis of bluetongue; are discussed. The disease is transmitted by Culicoides that ingest infected blood from viraemic ruminants. Control is based on reducing the number of viraemic ruminants in the infected area, reducing the population density of Culicoides, and reducing the availability of susceptible ruminants. It is vital to prevent the movement of potentially infected ruminants to new localities. Contingent plans for the eradication of an epizootic of BT in Australia have been prepared. These call for the creation of two control zones. In the inner infected area, which extends for about five miles around known infected farms, there would be an intensive disinsection programme with aerial and ground spraying. Ruminants in the infected area would probably be slaughtered. The quarantine zone would extend for another 50 miles and in this area there would be prohibition of the movement of ruminants from farms. Regular clinical inspections and serological surveys would be carried out to detect secondary outbreaks. If control measures failed, it might be necessary to mount urgently a massive vaccination campaign to prevent disastrous losses to the Australian sheep industry. The difficulties in obtaining sufficient quantities of monovalent vaccine from overseas at short notice are discussed. Plans have been made to produce BT vaccine in Australia, in a specially designed high security laboratory, should the need arise.     

Vaccination of sheep against Aujeszky's disease with a gI-deleted mutant]

The use of gl deleted live vaccines against Aujeszky's disease (AD) facilitates to differentiate vaccinated from field-virus infected animals. In this study different modes of vaccination were tried to find out how sheep can be protected from a lethal infection with ADV. It could clearly be demonstrated that Aujeszky disease virus (ADV) is spread by horizontal transmission from infected pigs to sheep. The nasal discharges of infected pigs contained a maximum of 10(8.75)TCID50/g mucus at days 3 and 4 p.i. and those of the contact-pigs 10(8.5)TCID50/g mucus at days 6 and 7 after contact. Non-vaccinated contact sheep were infected horizontally by the pigs. The highest titres ranged from 10(6.25) to 10(7.5)TCID50/g mucus. These animals were sacrificed at day 5 p.i. exhibiting acute symptoms of AD. The nasal discharge of vaccinated sheep contained much lower amounts of ADV (maximum: 10(4.25)TCID50/g mucus). All surviving animals had developed antibodies. Following challenge with the ADV-strain NIA3, no febrile response or virus-shedding was observed in sheep vaccinated 2x s.c. or 2x i.m. with a gl deleted live vaccine, whereas sheep, vaccinated only 1x i.m. (4 out of 4 animals) or 1x i.m. (3 out of 4 animals) or 1x i.n. and 1x i.m. (1 out of 4 animals) had to be sacrificed after showing acute symptoms of AD. In conclusion it can be stated that a double parental vaccination with a gl deleted live vaccine protects sheep against a field-virus AD infection.     

Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens type A isolated from intestinal contents of cattle, sheep and chickens.

One hundred and fourteen strains of Clostridium perfringens, isolated from the intestinal contents of cattle, sheep, and chickens with enteritis or other disease conditions were studied for their ability to produce enterotoxin. Reversed passive hemagglutination, fluorescent antibody and immunodiffusion tests were used. On the basis of the reversed passive hemagglutination titres, supported by the other two tests, enterotoxigenicity of the strains was arbitrarily classified into two categories: highly enterotoxigenic and potentially enterotoxigenic, with 12% falling into each category. All the highly enterotoxigenic strains originated from cases of enteritis and included all three animal species. Apart from enterotoxigenicity, one C. perfringens strain produced beta toxin (type C) and 21 strains produced large amounts of alpha-toxin. The latter strains were predominantly associated with necrotic enteritis in chickens.     

绵羊腐败梭菌与魏氏梭菌混合感染的调查与诊断

近几年,零散发生于兽医临床上羊只突然死亡的病例,经笔者深入调查及实验室病原分离,将其确诊为此病是由腐败梭菌和魏氏梭菌所引起。     

牛羊魏氏梭菌病的诊断及综合防治

由产气荚膜梭菌引起的牛羊魏氏梭菌病是一种急性传染病,常引起羊肠毒血症、羊猝狙、羔羊痢疾、牛猝死症等疾病,该病发病急、死亡快、死亡率高,给牛羊养殖业造成重大经济损失。对牛羊常见的魏氏梭菌病的诊断与综合防治措施进行综述,以期为牛羊魏氏梭菌病的防治提供参考。