提高夏季蛋鸡产蛋性能的技术措施

夏季蛋鸡产蛋性能降低的原因。高温导致采食量下降。鸡的皮肤没有汗腺，体躯又被羽毛覆盖，因此鸡不耐高温。高温下，由于鸡体热增高，鸡本能地减少饲料摄取量，实验表明：对产蛋鸡，当温度超过18℃-22℃基线后，温度每升高1℃，采食量就下降15％。由于采食量减少，导致营养物质摄入不足，使产蛋率，蛋重降低。     

蛋鸡热应激的防制

高温季节,随着产蛋鸡采食量的减少,营养物质的摄入量明显降低,鸡体抵抗力降低,死淘率升高,产蛋率下降,严重影响着蛋鸡的生产效益。因此如何防止热应激、仍保持蛋鸡高产,采取合理有效的饲养管理措施     

夏季蛋鸡日粮中添加鲜葱的使用效果

夏季高温，笔者近年来在养鸡生产实践中经过反复探索与研究，通过在夏季蛋鸡日粮中添加鲜葱，诱导蛋鸡采食饲料，取得了较高产蛋率的良好效果。其一是由于葱含有丰富的营养物质，据测定，在每 100 g鲜葱含 VA0.05 mg、 Vc20 mg、蛋白质 2.4 g、脂肪 0.3 g、总糖 8.6 g、碳水化合物 9.8 g、钙 4.6 mg、磷 39 mg、铁 0.1 mg、多 种氨基酸 0.0298 mg；其二鲜 葱是鸡的一种优质青绿饲料和诱食剂，日粮中添加鲜葱能明显提高饲料的适口性，增加采食量。现将该试验情况报告如下： 1材料与方法 1.1鲜葱来源及饲喂方法 均由供试养鸡户从当地菜农那…     

蛋鸡热应激的防治

<正>高温季节,随着产蛋鸡采食量的减少,营养物质的摄入量明显降低,鸡体抵抗力降低,死淘率升高,产蛋率下降,严重影响着蛋鸡的生产效益。因此如何防止热应激、仍保持蛋鸡高产,采取合理有效的饲养管理措施至关重要,也是广大蛋鸡养殖户亟待解决的一个问题,     

夏冬采取早饲延长光照法对提高蛋鸡产蛋性能的效果

夏冬采取早饲延长光照法对提高蛋鸡产蛋性能的效果张文建山东省章丘市畜牧局（２５０２００）夏季热应激，轻者影响产蛋鸡的采食量和产蛋率，重者还能造成大批死鸡，而严冬低温虽不至于死鸡，但可导致鸡体消耗大量体内热能而使产蛋量减少。高温和低温严重影响着养鸡经济效...     

夏季蛋鸡养殖饲料供应六注意

在夏季,当环境温度超过25℃时,鸡的采食量就会相应地降低,营养物质的摄取量也相应减少,导致蛋鸡产蛋性能下降,鸡蛋的质量也较差,这就需要用含较高营养浓度的日粮予以补偿。高温季节,蛋鸡的能量需要比平常的饲养标准减少0．966MJ／kg饲料。于是,有些专家认为,夏季应适当降低饲料的能量浓度。但是,蛋鸡开产后,能量是决定产蛋率的关键,高温时常因采食量减少而使能量摄入不足,影响产蛋率。试验证明,在夏季高温期间饲料中添加1．5％的熟豆油后,其产蛋率可显著提高。为此,要适当减少谷物类饲料（如玉米）的用量,使其不超过50％~55％,同时适当增加饲料的营养浓度,以确保其生产性能的正常发挥。     

夏季产蛋鸡的饲养管理

夏季养鸡由于天气炎热，致使鸡的采食量下降，鸡群生产性能下降，机体的抗病力降低，严重时会导致中暑死亡，死淘率增加。为降低死淘率，增加采食量，改善饲料报酬，提高产蛋鸡的产蛋率，应做好以下工作。     

盛夏喂脂肪 母鸡多产蛋

在盛夏高温季节里养鸡，一是热应激易造成鸡的死亡，二是鸡的日摄食量会明显减少，致使盛夏期间，肉仔鸡增重慢，产蛋鸡则产蛋率低。因此，在盛夏配制鸡的日粮时，配制的日粮所含能量要满足鸡的需要。根据近年来国内外的大量试验资料证实，鸡的日粮消耗与日粮中所含能量成反比。为此，在盛夏高温期间，在鸡的日粮中，增加2％的动物脂肪或植物脂肪后，不但使鸡在不增加摄食量的情况下，能弥补因鸡摄食量减少所造成的能量不足，而且可改善饲料的适口性，从而增加鸡的采食量，提高产蛋量。     

夏季谨防笼养蛋鸡产蛋疲劳症的发生

笼养蛋鸡产蛋疲劳症（CLF）又称笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症、笼养鸡瘫痪症,是与笼养特定环境密切相关的现代集约化蛋鸡养殖中严重的骨骼代谢病之一。该病主要危害进笼不久的初产蛋鸡和产蛋高峰期鸡群,可引起产蛋率和蛋品质下降,蛋鸡瘫痪,死亡。该病一年四季均可发生,尤其是夏季的高温引发鸡群热应激、采食量下降更可诱发此病,使发病率提高到15％～20％。     

夏季蛋鸡的饲养与管理

蛋鸡的饲养不仅是我市发展农村畜牧经济的支撑点,也是广大农民家庭收入的重要来源。随着夏季高温季节的来临,产蛋鸡采食量的减少,营养物质的摄入量明显降低,机体抵抗力降低,死淘率升高,产蛋率下降,给正常生产带来较大的负面影响,因此必须加强高温季节产蛋鸡的饲养管理。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.