精喹·乙羧氟12．5％水乳剂的研制

本文介绍了精喹·乙羧氟12．5％水乳剂配方的组成和制备方法,并对其产品性能并田间药效进行了测试和试验。表明该水乳剂成本低、药效好、与环境友好,具有良好的于发前景。     

农药微乳剂概念及其生产应用中存在问题辨析

对农药微乳剂的定义及其组成、性质和外观形态进行了论述,并对微乳剂目前存在的诸如药效、表面活性剂用量、添加极性溶剂以及微乳剂质量等一系列问题进行了详细的探讨,从药效、外观、配方组成及稳定性等方面全面比较了微乳剂和水乳剂的优缺点,认为微乳剂具有较好的市场发展前景。     

20%乙氧氟草醚水乳剂的研制

本文介绍了20％乙氧氟草醚水乳荆配方的组成和制备方法，并对其性能和田间药效进行了测试和试验。表明该水乳剂成本较低、药效好、使用安全，具有良好的开发前景。     

阿维菌素3种剂型杀虫活性比较

用1.8%阿维菌素乳油、3%阿维菌素微乳剂、1%阿维菌素水分散粒剂3种剂型对小菜蛾、棉铃虫、棉蚜虫及棉红蜘蛛等4种害虫进行了室内生物活性比较。结果表明,3种药剂对小菜蛾及棉铃虫的致死中浓度无显著性差异,对于棉花蚜虫阿维菌素微乳剂药效明显好于阿维菌素乳油和水分散粒剂,而阿维菌素乳油和水分散粒剂间无显著性差异。对于棉花红蜘蛛,阿维菌素微乳剂和乳油效果好于阿维菌素水分散粒剂,乳油和微乳剂间差异不显著。     

20%丁硫克百威水乳剂的研制

本文介绍了20%丁硫克百威水乳剂配方的组成和制备方法,并测定了冷贮、热贮稳定性等理化性状及生物活性.田间药效试验结果表明对十字花科蔬菜蚜虫有较好的防治效果.     

20%氰戊菊酯水乳剂防治菜青虫田间药效试验

为验证20%氰戊菊酯水乳剂对甘蓝菜青虫的防治效果,进行了田间药效试验。试验结果表明,20%氰戊菊酯水乳剂对菜青虫有较好的防治效果,适宜剂量为6～8ga·i/667m2,持效期为7d以上。     

450g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂防治铁皮石斛黑斑病田间药效评价

田间药效试验表明,在铁皮石斛黑斑病初发期,用450g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂推荐剂量有效成分150~225g/hm~2,连续用2次,间隔7~10d,施药后14d防效可达87%以上,并对铁皮石斛和其它非靶标生物安全。450g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂可以用于防治和控制铁皮石斛黑斑病。     

4.5%绿青兰水乳剂简介

4.5%绿青兰水乳剂(4.5%高效顺反氯氰菊酯水乳剂)是江苏农用股份有限公司与联合国农药剂型开发中心共同开发成功的拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂,为国际上较先进的剂型。与同类品种的乳油剂型相比,其所含原药颗粒直径仅为乳油剂型的1/6,成分中大幅度减少了苯的含量,因此,水乳剂具有很好的扩展性,又减少对环境的污染。绿青兰水乳剂具有触杀和胃毒作用,触杀力强,杀虫谱广,用药量少,药效迅速;对光、热稳定;残效期长。可广泛用于防治为害棉花、蔬菜、果树、茶叶、花生、花卉等作物的害虫。防治对有机磷产生抗性的害虫效果显著。　　4.5%绿青兰水乳剂的使用…     

1%蛇床子素水乳剂防治草莓白粉病药效试验

田间药效试验表明,1%蛇床子素水乳剂对草莓白粉病有较好的防治效果,3次药后7d1%蛇床子素水乳剂400倍液的防效为86.58%,500倍液的防效为76.59%,对照药剂10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂2000倍液的防效为76.45%。从防治效果和使用成本等方面考虑,1%蛇床子素水乳剂400-500倍液防治草莓白粉病,具有较好的推广应用价值。     

二嗪磷60％水乳剂的研制

本文介绍了二嗪磷60％水乳剂的配方筛选,简述了该剂型的特点和贮存稳定性,确定了配制方法和较佳配方组成。试验结果表明,该配方产品质量稳定,热贮（54±2）℃,14d和常温贮存2年,有效成分分解率〈5％,各项指标符合水乳剂的要求。田间药效表明,对水稻二化螟有较好的防治效果。     

土壤拮抗放线菌S-5210-6活性产物抑菌谱及其作用机制

为了明确拮抗性放线菌S-5210-6在植物病害生物防治中的实用价值,并为其后续的生防制剂的研发提供科学依据,在离体条件下采用生长速率法和抑菌圈法和在活体条件下采用盆栽法对其活性产物的抑菌谱进行测定。结果表明,在离体条件下S-5210-6活性产物对病原细菌具有选择性抑制作用,对供试的病原真菌均有较强的抑制作用;在温室条件下,对专性寄生病原菌黄瓜霜霉病菌,不仅能阻止其菌丝的入侵,而且对已侵入的菌丝有很好的治疗作用。采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法对S-5210-6菌株活性产物作用机制进行了研究,结果表明,S-5210-6菌株活性产物不仅能强烈抑制病原菌菌丝的生长和分生孢子的萌发,而且经S-5210-6活性产物处理的病原菌菌丝和初萌发的分生孢子,接种寄主植物后,其致病性明显减弱,病斑的扩展减慢,且致病性的减弱程度与活性产物的浓度呈正相关关系。     

150亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌可湿性粉剂的研发及对西花蓟马的防治应用

为了研发靶标害虫为西花蓟马的球孢白僵菌杀虫剂，我们首先通过筛选、纯化和复壮获得对西花蓟马高效的真菌菌株；其次，对液-固双相发酵条件和发酵工艺进行优化；然后，改良了产品剂型和配方；最后对产品进行环境和毒性评价。结果显示该产品各项指标均符合国家标准。150亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌可湿性粉剂于2018年在国内获审批登记。喷施1800～3000 g/hm²对辣椒上西花蓟马的防效均为74%以上。推荐用量为2400 g/hm²。该产品的研发和获批登记为西花蓟马的生物防治奠定了坚实的基础。     

Extraction and identification of a new degradation product of atrazine in the soil

Gas-chromatographic analyses of extracts of soil samples from plots, treated with a 50% atrazine wettable powder at dose rates of 2 and 4 kg a.i. ha^?1, showed the presence of a new atrazine degradation product. This product was isolated, concentrated and purified by column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The chromatographic properties of this material were identical with those of a product isolated from a 0.02% methanolic solution of 2-amino-4-chloro-6-isopropyl-amino-1,3,5-triazine that had been stored under laboratory conditions. A combined gas-liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric assay identified the new product in soil as 2-isopropylamino-4-methoxy-6-methylamino-1,3,5-triazine.     

“旅游产品无形性”质疑

旅游产品是服务占较大比例的产品 ,学术界将“无形性”列为旅游产品第一大特性 ,笔者就此问题提出质疑。本文首先从旅游产品涵义入手 ,分析了“旅游产品无形性”理论的由来 ,然后对学术界认可的两类旅游产品构成理论进行剖析 ,由此得出旅游产品并非无形 ,它是一种以无形为主 ,兼有有形性的特殊产品。最后分析了由“旅游产品无形性”理论指导实践所带来的危害。     

3.2%甲氨阿维·啶虫脒微乳剂防治蚜虫、小菜蛾和菜青虫田间药效试验

田间药效试验结果表明:3．2％甲氨阿维·啶虫脒微乳剂对莱蚜具有优良的防治效 果,并具有较好的速效性与持效性,50g／667m2对菜蚜的防效在90％以上。该剂同时对鳞翅 目蔬菜害虫——莱青虫和小菜蛾也具有良好的防治效果。     

Determination of residues in apples and pears following treatment with the acaricide fenazaflor II. Method for individual residues of fenazaflor and its hydrolysis product

The occasional need for separation of residues of fenazaflor and its hydrolysis product, instead of determination of the total residue by the routine method, is satisfied by partition of the extract between hexane and acidified aqueous methanol. Both residues are subsequently determined as the hydrolysis product by GLC with electron capture detection, after hydrolysis of fenazaflor.     

Natural products as a source of agrochemicals and leads for chemical synthesis

The use of natural products as a source of new agrochemicals and the procedures that can be undertaken to discover such compounds are reviewed using examples from both the literature and our own experiences. The commercial successes obtained to date show that natural products are a powerful source of new agrochemicals. The results from a survey of the views of the agrochemical industry of natural product work indicated a high level of interest, with 16 of the 19 companies that replied being involved in natural product work either through in-house or external programmes of work. Possible approaches to the key challenges of atural product work, for example choice of sources and screens, avoiding known metabolites and obtaining sufficient compound for biological evaluation, are discussed.     

甲羧除草醚的合成

介绍了甲羧除草醚的合成方法。以间氯苯甲酰氯、异丙醇酯化生成氯苯甲酰异丙酯,然后经硝化、缩合醚化,酯交换共4步反应得到了2,4-二氯苯基-3’-甲氧基甲酰基-4’-硝基苯基醚。该方法避免了其它路线的种种缺点,具有收率高、产品纯度高和成本低等优点,合成总收率为(以间氯苯甲酰氯计)72.4%,产品纯度达到97.6%。最终目标产物结构通过红外IR、核磁共振H’NMR进行了表征。     

Organochlorine pesticide residues - a review of some recent findings

Investigations to determine the optimum timing and placement of a supplementary food spray, Envirofeast® on the abundance of predatory insects on cotton was conducted in irrigated commercial cotton fields at Yarral near Narrabri, New South Wales, Australia, in 1998 v - v 99. Plots treated with the supplementary food product at the four-true leaf stage recorded a significantly higher number of predatory beetles, bugs and lacewings per metre compared with plots treated at two, six and eight-true leaf stages and unsprayed (control) plots. The cumulative total number of predatory beetles, bugs and lacewings recorded throughout the season in both treated and control plots was 23.81 per m. Of this total, plots treated at four true leaf stage recorded the highest (7.15 per v m) (i.e 30.03%), followed by two true leaf (5.81 per m) (24.41%), six true-leaf (4.31 per v m (18.12%), eight true-leaf stage (4.63 per v m) (i.e. 19.44%) and the unsprayed (control) plot recorded the lowest (1.91 per m (8.03%). The number of spiders per metre were not significantly different ( p v > v 0.05) among treatments and the control plots. The number of predators recorded in cotton crops treated with the supplementary food product as a band spray (33 v - v 50% band) or skip row spray (i.e. to every second row) was not significantly different ( p v > v 0.05) from plots where the product was applied as a solid spray to the entire crop (no skip row and/or no banding). Thus, tailoring Envirofeast® treatment in this way will ultimately reduce the quantity of product used, the cost of the product and allow cotton growers to adopt a multiple-use pattern for the product to support integrated pest management programmes in cotton.     

白僵菌可湿性粉剂防治玉米螟田间药效研究

2年药效试验结果表明,在黑龙江省选用白僵菌150亿孢子/g球孢可湿性粉剂防治玉米螟,可明显提高越冬幼虫僵死率。药剂对环境无污染,对人和牲畜安全。施药宜选择春季解冻后,幼虫刚从秸秆中爬出寻找水源的关键时段,进行喷粉封垛防治。推荐剂量以18.75~25g制剂/m3为宜。