绥芬河珠星雅罗鱼溯河生殖群体结构特征研究

珠星雅罗鱼Leuciscus haronensis（Gunther）为鲤科鱼类中少有的溯河洄游类型。本研究采集了880尾2009年度绥芬河溯河洄游生殖群体样本,分析了溯河期、产卵期以及个体的体长、体重组成、年龄与生长、生殖能力、成熟系数、肥满度等主要生态学特征及种群数量。绥芬河珠星雅罗鱼生殖群体分三批溯河繁殖,即3月中...     

绥芬河珠星雅罗鱼溯河生殖群体生态学特征及资源保护

本文报道绥芬河鲤科溯河性洄游鱼类珠星雅罗鱼生殖群体生态学特征。通过890尾样品测定,对溯河期、产卵期、群体的体长体重组成、年龄与生长、生殖力、性比、成熟系数、肥满度等主要生态学特征及种群数量进行研究,并提出了资源增殖保护措施。     

绥芬河滩头雅罗鱼溯河生殖群体结构的探讨

本文报道绥芬河鲤科唯一溯河性洄游鱼类滩头雅罗鱼生殖群体生物学。通过１，７９３尾样品测定，对溯河期，产卵期，群体的年龄生长，体长体重，生殖力，性比，成熟系数，肥满度等主要生态学特征及种群数量作了研究。为开发，增殖这一稀有经济鱼类资源提供重要的生物学资料。     

绥芬河三块鱼属（Tribolodon）鱼类的分类学讨论

绥芬河是注入日本海的水系之一 ,其溯河洄游性鱼类种类较多 ,其中被当地渔民俗称“金滩头、银滩头和黑滩头”的鱼类是鲤科唯有的溯河洄游性鱼类。在分类学上一直都存在着争议。任慕连 ( 1 981 )将其归于三块鱼Ｔｒｉｂｏｌｏｄｏｎｂｒａｎｄｔｉ (Ｄｙｂｏｗｓｋｉ)的三个不同的洄游群体 ;尹家胜 ( 1 991 )认为金滩头和黑滩头为滩头雅罗鱼ＬｅｕｃｉｓｃｕｓｂｒａｎｄｔｉＤｙｂｏｗｓｋｉ的两个不同的洄游群体 ,而银滩头为黑滩头的性不成熟群体 ;董崇智 ( 1 995,1 996 )和张觉民 ( 1 995)认为存在两个种即珠星雅罗鱼Ｌｅｕｃｉｓｃｕｓｈ…     

人工孵化、放流滩头雅罗鱼获成功

中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所于1989年5月中旬至6月上旬向绥芬河水系人工放流滩头雅罗鱼苗1566万尾。滩头雅罗鱼是我国稀有的经济鱼类之一,仅分布绥芬河、图们江流域。每年春暖河开,鱼群从河口溯游而上,在急滩上产卵繁殖,     

绥芬河水系首次放流滩头雅罗鱼苗

中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所于5月中旬至6月上旬首次向绥芬河水系人工放流滩头雅罗鱼苗1566万尾。滩头雅罗鱼为鲤科少有的溯河性洄游鱼类。每年春暖河开,鱼群从河口逆流而上,在急滩上产卵繁殖,故名“滩头雅罗鱼”。是我国稀有的经济鱼类之一,仅分布绥芬河、图们江流域。体重一投在0.5公斤左     

黑龙江乌苏里白鲑生殖群体生态学特征及资源保护

本报道黑龙江流域珍稀经济鱼类乌苏里白鲑生殖群体生态学。1994年秋季对黑龙江抚远江段洄游的乌里白鲑生殖群体的体长、体重组成、年龄组成、肥满度、成熟系数、生殖力、摄食等群体生态学特征进行研究，并提出其资源保护的措施。     

绥芬河三块鱼属鱼类和东北雅罗鱼亲缘关系的RAPD分析

利用RAPD技术对绥芬河水系三块鱼属 (Tribolodon)的金滩头、黑滩头和雅罗鱼属的东北雅罗鱼 (Leucis cuswaleckiiDybowsk)进行属间、种间遗传物质相似性分析。样品取于溯河生殖洄游期 ( 4～ 6月 )。结果表明 ,金滩头和黑滩头种间的RAPD指纹图谱带型差异显著 ,平均带纹相似系数为 0 .3 0 ,遗传距离为 0 .70。东北雅罗鱼与金滩头和黑滩头属间的平均带纹相似系数分别为 0 .13和 0 .16,遗传距离为 0 .87和 0 .84。根据绥芬河水系金滩头和黑滩头间的遗传距离 ( 0 .70 ) ,将二者划分为 2个不同物种 ,即珠星三块鱼 (TribolodonhakonensisG櫣ｎｔｈｅｒ)和三块鱼(T .brandtiDybowski)。     

勃氏雅罗鱼与白鲢、草鱼的混养试验

正勃氏雅罗鱼是鲤科唯一溯河洄游产卵的中下层鱼类,该鱼体型优美,色彩艳丽,肉味鲜美,不饱和脂肪酸含量高。喜食人工颗粒饲料,抢食凶猛。自然江河中生长的勃氏雅罗鱼3龄成熟,人工养殖的勃氏雅罗鱼2龄成熟,成熟个体一般体重500g左右。     

勃氏雅罗鱼养殖技术

勃氏雅罗鱼[Leuciscus brandti（Dybowski）]又名高丽细鳞、大红线、金滩头、银滩头，是鲤科唯一溯河洄游产卵的鱼类，主要分布于我国图们江及绥芬河下游的纯淡水和河口的半咸水中。2006年，我市从吉林延边引进了该鱼进行了养殖试验，获得了初步成功。     

乌苏里江大麻哈鱼（♀）婚姻色差异的生态指征意义

黑龙江大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus keta）繁殖群体由鄂霍次克海经俄罗斯境内的黑龙江干流洄游至我国境内即分成黑龙江和乌苏里江两个地理群体。过去大麻哈鱼洄游至我国时婚姻色均较浓艳,但近十年来发现洄游至乌苏里江的大麻哈鱼部分个体婚姻色浓艳,部分婚姻色很浅或无色。为了揭示婚姻色浓淡差异的原因及其对大麻哈鱼繁殖适应性的指征作用,笔者于2011年9月20～29日,对乌苏里江大麻哈鱼回归繁殖群体进行了调查,共采集样品94尾,将其划分为婚姻色浓艳个体组（红色度a＋值〉13）和浅淡个体组（红色度a赤〈7）,进行了两群组间的繁殖生态学参数比较分析。结果表明,浅淡个体的成熟系数（CSI）、卵径、卵重、年龄、体长和体质量均小于浓艳个体,且差异极显著（P〈0．01）;婚姻色浅淡个体的绝对繁殖力显著小于浓艳个体（P〈0．05）;但二者的肥满度指数差异不显著。两群组间各繁殖生态参数间相关关系的差异分析表明,婚姻色浅淡个体性腺发育落后于浓艳个体,表明婚姻色浅淡个体的繁殖适合度低于婚姻色浓艳个体。     

中国北方野生雄绒螯蟹成蟹可食率和生化成分分析

比较了2017年10月由我国绥芬河、图们江和辽河采集的质量为80~160 g的野生雄绒螯蟹成蟹的组织系数、总可食率、可食组织中一般化学组成及脂肪酸组成。试验结果显示:(1)3个种群雄体性腺指数、肝胰腺指数和出肉率差异显著,但3个种群总可食率无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)就性腺而言,图们江种群水分含量最高,绥芬河种群脂肪含量最高,辽河种群蛋白质和灰分含量最高(P<0.05);辽河种群肝胰腺水分含量显著高于其他2个种群,但灰分含量显著低于其他2个种群,绥芬河种群肝胰腺中的脂肪含量最高(P<0.05);绥芬河种群肌肉的水分最低,蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量最高,图们江种群肌肉中的脂肪含量最低,辽河种群肌肉的蛋白质和灰分含量最低。(3)绥芬河种群雄体性腺总长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,图们江种群绒螯蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中总长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量最低(P<0.05);辽河种群的可食组织中n-3/n-6的值最低,图们江种群可食组织n-3/n-6的值最高。综上,绥芬河、图们江和辽河3个种群绒螯蟹野生雄体的总可食率无显著差异,但是可食部位的常规生化和脂肪酸含量存在显著差异。     

异齿裂腹鱼人工规模化繁殖技术研究

2010年4～6月,对野生异齿裂腹鱼(Schizothorax o' connori)人工规模化繁殖技术进行研究,并初步进行产后亲鱼恢复培养技术研究.对108尾雌鱼进行干法人工授精,共采卵104万多粒,孵出仔鱼62万多尾.其中45尾雌亲鱼自然成熟,共采卵46.8万多粒,平均受精率和孵化率低于人工催产雌鱼卵.人工催产83...     

Multiple spawning and related variations in female reproductive parameters of amphidromous type ayu

Adult ayu Plecoglossus altivelis were sampled from the Nezugaseki River, Yamagata Prefecture to investigate the reproductive parameters and analyze their variations related to multiple spawning. Ovarian histology (mainly based on the occurrence of postovulatory follicles) indicated that female ayu can be divided into four groups, which are considered to correspond with unspawned, once spawned, twice spawned, and three (or more) times spawned individuals. Comprehensive analysis of the ovarian state with field surveys revealed that most of the female ayu achieve second spawning and that third spawning is very common in this river. Mean relative batch fecundity (RBF) for the second, third, and fourth spawning indicated 69, 42, and 22%, respectively, of the value for the first spawning, showing a decline with the number of spawning batches. Mean gonadosomatic index (GSI) values of non-ovulating fish showed a similar decline during the main spawning period (October). Condition factor (without gonads) during autumn also decreased with the number of batches spawned, suggesting that multiple spawning is achieved partly by transfer of body mass nutrients to the ovary. Size dependency in reproductive parameters such as occurrence of the multiple spawning, RBF values, and GSI values of the unspawned fish, was not evident except for GSI values in early September (generally during the early phases of ovarian development), when larger fish had larger GSI.     

Conservation of spawning time between years in lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus and potential impacts from the temporal distribution of fishing effort

Lumpfish, Cyclopterus lumpus L., has an extended ovary development period and a relatively long spawning season. It therefore seems unlikely that individuals spawning later in the season would be able to recover from spawning and develop their gonads in time to spawn during the early part of the season the following year. The hypothesis that individuals spawning early or late in a spawning season would spawn early or late the following year was tested using fish tagged in Iceland between 2008 and 2017. The tagging date and recapture date the following year were positively correlated with an average of 356 days at large (DAL). Fish sampled from the fishery indicate that tagging/recapture date gives an indication of spawning time. From this, it was concluded that spawning time in the current year can be used to predict spawning time the following year. As fishing effort was greatest at the end of April/beginning of May, it seems likely that fish that come to spawn at this time will be subject to a higher fishing mortality. Therefore, they will be less likely to spawn successfully than fish spawning earlier or later in the year. If spawning time is under genetic control, then this could have consequences for the spawning phenology of lumpfish.     

The critical importance of an undammed river segment to the reproductive cycle of a migratory Neotropical fish

Biotelemetry, ichthyoplankton and genetic data can provide detailed information about the migratory dynamics and reproductive cycle of freshwater fishes. However, few studies have combined these techniques in Neotropical systems. The objective of this study was to examine the migratory and reproductive dynamics of Prochilodus costatus in the São Francisco River watershed, south‐east Brazil, by comparing the ecological importance of two rivers to the species, an undammed segment of the São Francisco River and a dammed segment of one of its main tributaries, the Pará River. In total, 215 fish were radio‐tagged over three years (2014–16). Eggs and larvae were sampled at seven locations and analysed by PCR to identify Prochilodus spp. ichthyoplankton. Most radio‐tagged individuals (97%) used the undammed segment of the São Francisco River as spawning migration route, even those captured and released in the Pará River. Fish migrated to spawn from late September to late November with the arrival of the rains and returned to feeding sites from December to May after spawning. The highest densities of fish eggs and larvae were recorded in the upper reaches of the São Francisco River during months of peak river discharge. Returning fish showed high fidelity to sites occupied before spawning migration. Fish spent roughly 71% of the year at feeding sites, 25% at spawning sites and 4% moving between them. This study provides novel information about the migratory dynamics of Neotropical fishes and underscores the key role of undammed river segments for the conservation of Neotropical migratory fish species.     

绥芬河滩头雅罗鱼孵化放流的初步试验

本文首次报道绥芬河滩头雅罗鱼大批量人工孵化放流。1989年5～6月,在绥芬河东宁河段采捕、利用(?)河亲鱼3037尾,采卵1867万粒,利用自然产卵场生态条件孵化放流的雅鱼1323万尾(全长6.5mm)。     

金沙江下游宜宾段产漂流性卵鱼类早期资源动态变化

为探讨金沙江下游溪洛渡、向家坝水电站蓄水运行对下游江段鱼类早期资源群聚动态的影响,本文基于2016-2020年宜宾江段鱼类早期资源调查数据,对鱼类早期资源种群结构和年际变化趋势进行了研究。宜宾江段共计采集鱼卵20种,主要优势种为吻鮈和寡鳞飘鱼；估算出鱼卵年平均径流量为15.07×10⁶粒,漂流性卵为9.89×10⁶粒,年际间总体呈增加趋势；推算采样点以上分布有产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场3处；从多样性指数和相似度指数看,宜宾江段鱼卵种类组成结构较为稳定,年际间变化不大。尽管受到金沙江下游水电工程开发的影响,宜宾江段作为长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区的重要组成部分,仍是产漂流性卵鱼类产卵繁殖的重要分布区,但主要以产漂流性卵小型鱼类为主,圆口铜鱼、长鳍吻鮈等长距离洄游性鱼类鱼卵没有监测到。建议继续加强圆口铜鱼、长鳍吻鮈等鱼类的增殖放流,同时,针对产漂流性卵小型鱼类的生态需求,开展金沙江下游梯级水电开发对其生态效应影响的监测研究。