中国北方野生雄绒螯蟹成蟹可食率和生化成分分析

比较了2017年10月由我国绥芬河、图们江和辽河采集的质量为80~160 g的野生雄绒螯蟹成蟹的组织系数、总可食率、可食组织中一般化学组成及脂肪酸组成。试验结果显示:(1)3个种群雄体性腺指数、肝胰腺指数和出肉率差异显著,但3个种群总可食率无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)就性腺而言,图们江种群水分含量最高,绥芬河种群脂肪含量最高,辽河种群蛋白质和灰分含量最高(P<0.05);辽河种群肝胰腺水分含量显著高于其他2个种群,但灰分含量显著低于其他2个种群,绥芬河种群肝胰腺中的脂肪含量最高(P<0.05);绥芬河种群肌肉的水分最低,蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量最高,图们江种群肌肉中的脂肪含量最低,辽河种群肌肉的蛋白质和灰分含量最低。(3)绥芬河种群雄体性腺总长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,图们江种群绒螯蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中总长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量最低(P<0.05);辽河种群的可食组织中n-3/n-6的值最低,图们江种群可食组织n-3/n-6的值最高。综上,绥芬河、图们江和辽河3个种群绒螯蟹野生雄体的总可食率无显著差异,但是可食部位的常规生化和脂肪酸含量存在显著差异。

Edible Yield and Proximate Composition Analysis of Wild Male Adult Mitten Crab,Eriocheir sp.in Northern China

The tissue coefficient,total edible yield(TEY),proximate composition and fatty acid composition of the edible tissues were investigated in wild male adult mitten handed crab,Eriocheir sp with body weight of 80—160 g collected from Suifen River,Tumen River and Liaohe River in October 2017.Results showed that there were significantly differences in gonadosomatic index(GSI),hepatosomatic index(HIS)and meat yield(MY)among the three wild populations(P<0.05),without significant difference in TEY among the three geographical populations(P>0.05).There was the maximal moisture in the gonads,in the Tumen River population,maximal lipid content in the Suifen River population,and the maximal protein and ash content in the Liaohe River population(P<0.05).The crab in the Liaohe River population had significantly higher hepatopancreatic moisture than the other two geographical populations did,and significantly lower ash content than the crab in the other two populations did(P<0.05).There was significantly higher lipid content in the hepatopancreas in the Suifen River population than that in the other two populations(P<0.05).The crab in the Suifen River population had the minimal moisture and the maximal protein,lipid and ash contents in the muscle.The minimal lipid content was observed in the muscle in the crab in the Tumen River population,and the minimal protein and ash contents in muscle tissues was found in the Liaohe River population.There was the maximal total long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(∑LC-PUFA)content in the testis in the Suifen River population,while there were the minimal∑LC-PUFA contents in both hepatopancreas and muscle tissues in the Tumen River population(P<0.05).The minimal n-3/n-6 value in edible tissues was found in the Liaohe River population,and the maximal n-3/n-6 value in edible tissues in the Tumen River population.In conclusion,there is no significant difference in the mean TEY of the males among the three wild populations,with significant differences in proximate composition and fatty acid contents in edible tissues among the three different geographical populations.