翘嘴鲌苗种批量化生产技术(Ⅰ)——翘嘴鲌人工催产和产卵

为了调整湖泊增养殖的品种结构,开发和增加新的增、养殖对象,充分挖掘湖泊生产潜力,提高经济效益,湖南洞庭鱼类良种场进行了规模化批量生产翘嘴鲌苗种技术开发、研究。在2003年取得翘嘴鲌鱼苗繁殖和苗种培育初步成功的基础上,2004年已进入了批量化生产翘嘴鲌苗种阶段,共产苗158万尾。催产率达100%,受精率、孵化率和苗种培育成活率都达到90%左右,苗种批量达百万尾。1亲鱼引种和培育2003年元月,从华容东湖(面积2000km2)引入体重700~1000g翘嘴红鲌亲鱼99尾,2004年元月从王家厂水库(面积16667km2)引进体重1kg以上翘嘴红鲌亲鱼100尾。亲鱼运回后,…     

翘嘴红鲌网箱人工繁殖技术

对翘嘴红鲌网箱人工繁殖技术以及夏花鱼种池塘培育技术进行了研究。在常规养鱼池塘设置小面积网箱人工催产，经池塘孵化出苗培育夏花鱼种(3—5cm)5．4万尾。     

网箱培育大规格翘嘴红鲌鱼种技术

<正>翘嘴红鲌为网箱养殖的名优淡水品种之一。我们于2013年1月10日至2014年3月10日在百色水库进行大水面高密度网箱养殖翘嘴红鲌试验,共消耗饲料68000千克,产鱼31450千克、77000尾,苗种成活率77%,饵料系数2.1,网箱平均产量60千克/米2,尾均重0.4千克。     

池塘主养翘嘴红鲌成鱼试验

2010年开展池塘主养翘嘴红鲌成鱼试验,试验塘1口,面积2400m2,投放全长为13cm的翘嘴红鲌冬片鱼种4000尾,经320d养殖,收获尾均重0.45kg的成鱼3850尾,成活率96%,每667m2产翘嘴红鲌481kg;每667m2收益4680元,投入产出比为1：1.65。     

翘嘴红鲌生物学特性及人工繁殖技术

翘嘴红鲌广泛分布于我国诸多水系。是我国名贵鱼类之一，深受消费者喜欢。然而由于过度捕捞等原因，其天然资源量日益减少，天然捕捞能留作亲鱼的数量很有限，亲鱼的来源不能得到保证，且会进一步破坏翘嘴红鲌的自然资源。要使翘嘴红鲌能够进行规模化人工养殖，主要应解决大批量鱼苗的来源和苗种培育的技术，因此翘嘴红鲌的人工繁殖技术也就起到尤为关键的作用。     

翘嘴红鲌苗种培育技术

翘嘴红铂又称大白鱼，是深受消费者欢迎的名优鱼类，具有很高的经济价值。翘嘴红鲌也是受欢迎的养殖鱼类，养殖前景看好。苗种培育是翘嘴红鲌生产的关键技术环节，以下分别介绍翘嘴红鲌鱼苗培育和鱼种培育技术要点。     

人工繁殖翘嘴红鲌试验

我们于2004年初,引进翘嘴红鲌夏花,经三冬龄培育和筛选,共选出亲鱼1000尾、400余组,于2007年在山东省淡水水产研究所的技术指导和帮助下,对翘嘴红鲌进行了人工繁殖技术试验,现报告如下:     

翘嘴红鲌全人工繁殖与夏花培育技术

翘嘴红鲌．俗称白条、太湖白鱼，在分类学上隶属鲤科、鲌亚科、红鲌属，是长江流域的优质经济鱼类。其个体大，生长快，肉质细嫩，味道鲜美，为鱼中之上品。由于自然资源日趋减少，市场需求量大，人工养殖具有广阔的前景。盐城市盐都区水产养殖场2004年进行了翘嘴红鲌的苗种繁育试验，对其性腺发育、人工繁殖、夏花培育进行了研究总结．旨在探索翘嘴红鲌苗种规模化繁育技术，使之得以推广。     

千岛湖网箱养殖翘嘴红鲌疾病调查分析

淳安县境内的千岛湖风景优美,水域宽广,饵料生物丰富,非常适合鱼类的网箱养殖。2005年翘嘴红鲌网箱养殖面积500余亩,放养量达到660余万尾,并初步形成了翘嘴红鲌的养殖、加工、销售产业链。但同时,翘嘴红鲌网箱养殖也一直受到病害的困扰,特别是2004年的指环虫病和2004、2005年秋季的小瓜虫病极大地影响了该产业的正常发展。笔者旨在通过对翘嘴红鲌疾病情况的调查分析,了解翘嘴红鲌疾病发生的季节、种类、病原、症状、危害,掌握病害的诊断方法,探索出网箱养殖病害防治的科学方法和主要药物,从而进一步推动淳安渔业持续、健康、快速发展。一、…     

网箱三级分养培育翘嘴红鲌冬片鱼种技术

翘嘴红鲌(Erythroculter ilishaeformis)属鲤科、鲌亚科、红鲌属,为长江流域的优质经济鱼类之一,是淡水水产品中较高档的鱼类,其肉质细嫩、味道鲜美,深受消费者的欢迎. 翘嘴红鲌具有食性广、生长速度快、水温适应范围广、成活率高等特点.目前已在江浙一带广泛养殖,并收到良好的经济效益.2003年,我们在浙江省千岛湖东南湖区的坪山养鱼区,采用网箱三级分养方法培育翘嘴红鲌冬片鱼种,收到了良好的效果,现总结如下,供广大网箱养殖户参考.     

翘嘴红鱼白人工繁殖及其夏花鱼种培育技术研究

对翘嘴红鱼白亲鱼的池塘驯化培育和人工繁殖技术以及夏花鱼种的培育技术进行了研究。在池塘对亲鱼进行人工培育,使其性腺发育达到成熟,经催产繁殖鱼苗获得成功,再对鱼苗进行池塘培育后获得夏花鱼种２１．５万尾。     

兴凯湖翘嘴红鱼 白同工酶的研究

用水平淀粉电泳技术 ,对兴凯湖翘嘴红鱼白的肌、肝、眼、心 4种不同组织的 8种同工酶 (LDH、EST、MDH、IDH、SOD、ME、G - 6-PDH、ADH)进行了研究。分析了各种同工酶的基因表达谱式。其中 ,在所检测到的 2 0个基因座位中只有EST同工酶中的一个座位 (Est - 2 )表现为多态。兴凯湖翘嘴红鱼白的多态率 (P)为 0 0 50 0 ,平均杂合度 (H)为 0 0 139。与其它鲤科硬骨鱼类相比 ,兴凯湖翘嘴红鱼白在蛋白质水平上的遗传变异表现比较贫乏     

7种鱼类仔鱼的形态观察

本文介绍了人工授精，孵化获得的麦穗鱼、蛇鮈、兴凯刺螃鮍、红鳍鲐、翘嘴红鮊、青鳉和翘嘴鳜鱼7种鱼类仔鱼的形态并作了详细描述。     

7个不同翘嘴红鲌群体的形态差异分析

应用聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析三种多元分析方法,比较研究了翘嘴红鲌(Erythroculter ilishaefor-mis)7个不同群体间的形态差异。聚类分析结果表明,7个群体分为三支,南湾、兴凯湖、太湖和养殖群体之间的形态最为接近,首先聚为一支,梁子湖和三溪口群体聚为另一支,而浮桥河群体则相对独立为一支。三个分支中浮桥河群体与其他群体的亲缘关系相对较远。主成分分析显示,可量数据和框架数据等31项形态特征中头部和尾部的长度对各群体间的差异贡献率最大,其中,太湖、梁子湖和三溪口群体间的差异最为显著。以判别分析建立的判别函数,对7个不同群体的综合判别率为90%。分析结果显示翘嘴红鲌7个不同群体在形态上已产生一定程度的差异,应用三种多元分析方法可以将各群体有效地区分开来。     

Investment analysis of marine cage culture by applying bioeconomic reference points: A case study of the spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) in Mexico

In Mexico, marine finfish cage culture is envisioned as an economic alternative for coastal fishermen. Because research and outreach have not yet proved that this is profitable, assessing the investment through financial risk assessment and setting reference points for expected outcomes is useful. For Lutjanus guttatus, this research reports on a 10-year investment analysis of a pilot-scale, ongrowing four-cage module tested in Mazatlán, Mexico that incorporated a) hatchery-reared fry, b) species-specific feed and c) a second-generation prototype cage, all of them results of almost a decade of research. Two production scenarios were examined: Scenario I, with a high survival rate (90%–95%) and a low feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.4–1.7), and Scenario II, with a low survival rate (67%–75%) and a high FCR (1.8–2.0). The net present value results are positive for Scenario I (mean?=?US$134,709, and a 95% probability interval (PI) [US$91,621; US$176,436]) and negative for Scenario II (mean?=?US-$79,082, 95% PI [US-$116,140; US-$42,054]). To identify feasibility improvement, reference points (threshold values) for survival, FCR, fry and feed costs were determined.     

杂交鳢人工繁殖和苗种培育技术研究

本文研究了杂交鳢(Channa maculate♀×C.argus♂)的亲鱼斑鳢(C.maculata)培育、杂交鳢人工繁殖、孵化和鱼苗培育等技术。结果显示:斑鳢在杭州地区池塘条件下经人工培育可达性成熟,但无法在自然条件下过冬,需进行保温越冬。杂交鳢人工催产繁殖的适宜水温在22℃以上,以25～28℃为宜。25～30℃水温条件下,分二次注射LHRH-A2、HCG和DOM混合催产剂,其效应时间在32 h以内;采用自然受精,泡沫箱或网箱孵化,其平均催产率为93.3%,平均受精率为72.9%,孵化率为64.1%,孵化时间18～45 h;通过定时过筛、分级分养、适时驯食等技术培育20 d左右,鱼种全长可达3.3～3.8 cm,平均成活率56.5%。     

Effects of sex ratio and feed quality on mass production of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), fry

Two experiments were conducted on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), in laboratory fibreglass tanks. The first experiment aimed to test the effects of four different sex ratios, which ranged from two to five females to one male, on mass production of fry. The lowest sex ratio (two females to one male) gave significantly the highest production, while the highest sex ratio (five females to one male) gave the lowest. The objective of the second experiment was to compare the effects of different diets which varied with regard to feed components (natural versus artificial). The diet composed of animal-plant protein (the standard artificial diet) in addition to natural food (65% phytoplankton and 35% zooplankton) gave significantly the highest fry production and the highest breeders’growth. Exclusively standard artificial diet gave significantly better fry production and better breeders’growth over the rest of tested diets except the above-mentioned one. The addition of natural food to the artificial diet enhanced fry production as well as the breeders’growth, and the better the quality of the artificial feed, the better the results obtained.     

Comparison of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis as a choice of live feed with dry feed in rearing Coregonus lavaretus fry

This experiment, designed for the first time in the Middle East region to sustain Coregonus lavaretus production, examined the efficacy of a live organism ( Brachionus plicatilis ), an artificial diet (48% crude protein) and a mixed feed for the first 3 month of rearing fry. Nine rearing cages were floated on the surface of a natural pond supplied with hyporheic-zone river water, each containing 150 numbers of white fish fry, where they were treated with each of the three diets in triplicates. The fry were fed eight times daily starting at the onset of exogenous feeding. Results showed that fry utilized live organisms more efficiently than the artificial and mixed diets. Rotifer-fed group consistently showed higher growth rate during the entire experiment. Length increment (29.6 mm), weight gain (572.3 mg) after 12 weeks of feeding were higher ( P  < 0.05) in this group. Also, their mean weekly specific growth rate (4.97% day⁻¹) was the highest and feed conversion rate (2.97) was the lowest among all treatments. Survival rates of the fry declined from 75% to 61.4%, from 74.3 to 45.8% and from 72.7 to 54.5% for live feed, mixed diet and artificial diet, respectively.     

Test of size-specific mass selection for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., cage farming in the Philippines

One generation of mass selection based on the collimation procedure (early culling of large fry) was applied on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., in net cages set in Laguna de Bay, Philippines. The objective was to test the effectiveness of a low-cost, small-scale broodstock improvement procedure in this culture environment. Directional selection was performed in two steps after initial removal of large fry at 21 days. Selection of parents and testing of the offspring were also conducted in hapa net cages set up in Laguna de Bay. The selection resulted in a significant positive response of 3% relative to the control, which represents a projected 34% gain over 5 years in Laguna cage culture. The realized heritability is ≈16%.     

巢湖翘嘴红鲌的繁殖

本文是多年对巢湖翘嘴红鲌Erythroculter ilishaeformis (Bleeker)繁殖研究的总结。不仅积累和丰富了有关资料,而且重点论证了该鱼具有产漂流性卵和进行溯何生殖回游的习性。从而为增殖资源提供了科学依据。