核糖体蛋白S5（RPS5）基因对羊驼毛色调控的研究

本研究利用southern blotting技术从羊驼皮肤cDNA文库中筛选出核糖体蛋白S5（Ribosomal proteinS5，RPSS）基因，测序后利用生物信息学方法对该基因进行了相关分析。经分析发现羊驼RPS5基因序列中存在CCGG位点，推测羊驼RPS5基因在此位点发生甲基化。RPS5基因通过调节处于不同凋亡方式的黑色素细胞，保证黑色素数量的产生，从而对羊驼毛色产生调控作用。     

羊驼核糖体蛋白S5(RPS5)全长基因的筛选及其序列分析

本研究利用southernblotting技术从羊驼皮肤cDNA文库中筛选出核糖体蛋白S5(RibosomalproteinS5,RPS5)基因,测序结果表明该片断大小为436bp,含有一个完整的ORF。并利用生物信息学方法对该基因进行了分析,发现该基因编码的氨基酸在第1到88位之间含有一个典型的CARD结构域,即六个反平行的螺旋结构形成的结构域,该结构域对RPS5基因功能的体现起决定作用。     

核糖体蛋白S5(RPS5)基因研究进展

核糖体蛋白S5(ribosomal protein S5,RPS5)是真核生物核糖体的重要组成部分,目前对RPS5功能的研究主要侧重于以下几方面:RPS5的晶体结构及其在核糖体结构上的分布特点;RPS5与蛋白质的翻译;RPS5具有DNA连接蛋白Ⅱ的功能;RPS5具有转录延伸因子3(EF-3)的功能;RPS5与物种进化;RPS5突变体的研究。本文对RPS5基因的研究概况及功能进行综述。     

团头鲂PGPHα亚基基因5’端侧翼序列克隆及其表达载体的构建

首先运用PCR-末端加尾法克隆了团头鲂（Megalobrama amblycephala）脑下垂体糖蛋白激素α亚基（Pituitary glycoprotein hormone α subunit,PGPH α）基因5’端侧翼序列;然后利用生物信息学理论对该序列进行了序列分析;最后在序列分析结果的基础上,构建了荧光素酶质粒表达载体。序列分析结果显示,克隆所得到的团头鲂PGPH α亚基基因5’端侧翼序列长1399bp;其序列中包含潜在的TATA盒、GC盒,以及ERE、TRE、CRE、PGBE等对PGPH α亚基基因转录调控起重要作用的转录因子结合位点;启动子区域位于-40-10bp处。利用PCR方法扩增得到了全长1439bp以及1120bp、532bp、173bp均包含转录起始位点下游40bp序列的缺失片段,并将其连接至pGL3-Basic报告基因载体,成功构建了团头鲂PGPH α亚基基因5’端侧翼序列的表达载体,为进一步研究、分析其转录调控机制提供了基础。     

牙鲆和半滑舌鳎5S rDNA基因的染色体定位及鲽形目5种鱼类的分子系统学分析

利用荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术将5S rDNA基因定位在牙鲆和半滑舌鳎染色体上,结果表明,5S rDNA基因在雌、雄性半滑舌鳎的一对同源染色体上分别存在2个杂交信号位点;在二、三倍体牙鲆的同源染色体上分别存在2个和3个杂交信号位点,杂交信号明显且特异。本研究首次将5S rDNA基因定位在半滑舌鳎和三倍体牙鲆的染色体上,为牙鲆及半滑舌鳎倍性鉴定、染色体鉴别提供了有效方法。此外,根据牙鲆5S rDNA基因编码区序列设计引物,扩增出大菱鲆和半滑舌鳎5S rDNA基因编码区序列,与鲽、塞内加尔鳎、大口黑鲈、七鳃鳗的5SrDNA基因序列进行同源性比较后发现,5种鲽形目鱼类5S rDNA基因序列同源性高达98.3%,系统发生分析结果显示5种鲽形目鱼类聚为一支;各序列中GC含量均显著高于AT含量。     

菲律宾蛤仔不同发育时期及成体不同组织中内参基因筛选

为筛选出菲律宾蛤仔17个发育时期及成体7个组织中的最适内参基因,实验采用3个内参基因筛选方法ge Norm、Norm Finder及ΔCt对菲律宾蛤仔不同发育时期和成体不同组织中的12个候选内参基因延伸因子1α基因(EF1A)、TATA盒结合蛋白基因(TBP)、组蛋白H3基因(HIS)、细胞色素b5基因(CYTB5)、泛素缀合酶基因(UCE)、核糖体蛋白L8基因(RPL8)、核糖体蛋白S23基因(RPS23)、核糖体蛋白L2基因(RPL2)、细胞色素C基因(CYTC)、生长因子受体结合蛋白2基因(GFRP2)、肌动蛋白基因(ACT)和微管蛋白基因(TUB)进行表达稳定性分析。结果显示,菲律宾蛤仔不同发育时期q RT-PCR分析需要3个内参基因,分别为CYTC、CYTB5和RPS23;菲律宾蛤仔成体不同组织q RT-PCR分析需要2个内参基因,分别为CYTB5和GFRP2。ACT在菲律宾蛤仔不同发育阶段和不同组织中表达最不稳定。     

齐兴肉兔和伊拉兔MSTN、Myf5基因重要单核苷酸多态性比较

目的探索兔MSTN、Myf5基因的部分单核苷酸多态性(SNP)及其与不同兔品种生长速度之间的关联。方法试验采用Chelex 100树脂从齐兴肉兔(n=30)和伊拉兔(n=30)血液中快速提取基因组DNA,用PCR扩增MSTN和Myf5基因部分片段并直接测序。结果仅在3只齐兴肉兔MSTN基因中检测到1个SNP位点c.108CT,有CC和CT 2种基因型,其余样品及伊拉兔中全部为CC型;在齐兴肉兔Myf5基因中检测到5种SNP,其SNP较丰富,但在伊拉兔中,仅在c.577+9AG位点发现1种突变率低的SNP。另外,2个品种兔的Myf5基因内含子中均存在高比例的碱基缺失突变。结论推测这些SNP位点及差异可能与兔的生长速度关联。     

草鱼α-淀粉酶基因5＇侧翼序列克隆与分析

应用PCR和Genome Walking技术克隆获得长度为168 bp的草鱼（ Ctenopharyngodon idellus）α-淀粉酶基因外显子Ⅰ序列和2063 bp的5＇侧翼序列。将草鱼α-淀粉酶基因外显子Ⅰ序列与已知几种鱼类α-淀粉酶基因外显子Ⅰ序列比对,相似度为68%~86%。将草鱼α-淀粉酶基因5＇侧翼序列进行生物信息学分析,确定了其转录起始区域及转录起始位点（ TSS）;在TSS上游30 bp处有1个TATA-box,-58 bp处有CCAAT-box;在5＇侧翼序列中还发现有GATA-1、OCT-1、GR、HNF-3、AP1和SP1等转录因子结合位点。草鱼α-淀粉酶基因5＇侧翼序列的克隆,为进一步研究不同食性鱼类α-淀粉酶基因侧翼序列的差异、鱼类α-淀粉酶基因的表达、功能及调控机理奠定基础。     

红笛鲷MAPKK5基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

利用本实验室构建红笛鲷头肾cDNA文库中的MAPKK5基因EST序列,通过RACE PCR技术克隆红笛鲷MAPKK5基因cDNA全长(Ls-MAPKK5,登录号为KM657202)。序列分析结果显示,Ls-MAPKK5cDNA全长2632bp,其中开放阅读框1317bp,可编码438个氨基酸,预测其编码蛋白的分子量为49.29ku,理论等电点为6.12。SignalP 4.0、TMHMM Server 2.0和SoftBerry-Psite预测结果显示,Ls-MAPKK5没有信号肽和跨膜结构,含有22个磷酸化位点。氨基酸序列分析显示LsMAPKK5具有保守的PB1与S_TKc结构域。利用MEGA5.0软件,根据邻位相连法构建MAPKK5系统进化树,结果显示Ls-MAPKK5与雀鲷、吉富罗非鱼该蛋白有较近的亲缘关系。     

坛紫菜核糖体蛋白S7基因的克隆与表达分析

为了研究坛紫菜在高温胁迫条件下的分子应答机制,应用引物退火控制(ACP)技术对耐高温型纯系(Z-61)叶状体在高温胁迫条件下的差异表达基因进行筛选时,获得了一条核糖体蛋白S7基因的全长序列,命名为Phrps7(GenBank登录号:JF719273).该基因序列全长702 bp,包含一个585 bp的开放阅读框,其编码195个氨基酸的核糖体S7蛋白( PhRPS7),蛋白分子式为C984H1604N294O283S2,由5条α螺旋,6个片层及6个环状连接组成,与多个物种的RPS7蛋白具有较高的序列一致性(＞55％).系统进化树分析表明,PhRPS7蛋白与真菌的亲缘关系较近,而与其它物种的亲缘关系较远.实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,Phrps7基因的表达水平与高温胁迫密切相关,在高温胁迫刚开始时(0 ～6d),Phrps7基因的表达水平极显著上调,而随着胁迫的继续(＞6 d),表达量又有所下调,但仍显著高于胁迫开始前.     

罗非鱼源无乳链球菌溶血素基因体外表达及其免疫原性

为研究罗非鱼源无乳链球菌溶血素(Hemolysin,Hly)对鱼体的免疫保护作用,根据已获得的无乳链球菌ZQ0910全基因组序列设计引物扩增hly基因,定向克隆于原核表达载体p ET-28a中,构建原核重组质粒p ET-28a-hly,经IPTG诱导表达后,制成亚单位疫苗免疫吉富罗非鱼,并分析疫苗的免疫保护力。结果显示,hly基因产物大小1335 bp,编码444个氨基酸,经测序与Gen Bank报道的链球菌属Hly氨基酸序列同源性可达99%。经IPTG诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE分析可见一条51.7 k D的特异条带;Western blotting分析结果说明表达的Hly蛋白能与His-Tag单抗特异性结合;制备的亚单位疫苗免疫鱼体后第14天即可检测到抗体产生,并在第28天达到峰值,抗体效价为1∶4096,免疫保护率为70%。由此证实,该亚单位疫苗有望成为预防由无乳链球菌引起的罗非鱼链球菌病的基因工程类疫苗。     

Identification of a S6 kinase transcript in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis and its molting-related expression in muscle tissues

Fisheries Science - Ribosomal protein S6 kinases (S6Ks) are key targets downstream of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway that are activated by mTOR complex 1...     

Utilization of different raw and pre-gelatinized starch sources by juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus

Raw corn starch (RCS), raw tapioca starch (RTS), raw potato starch (RPS), pre‐gelatinized corn starch (PCS), pre‐gelatinized tapioca starch (PTS) and pre‐gelatinized potato starch (PPS) were evaluated as starch sources in diets for yellowfin seabream Sparus latus in a 56‐day growth trial. Seven isonitrogenous semi‐purified diets comprising a non‐starch cellulose control diet and the six different starch sources holding 200 g kg⁻¹ starch each were prepared and fed to triplicate groups of juvenile yellowfin seabream S. latus. Fish were fed for 8 weeks. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) for fish fed RCS, RTS and RPS diets were equal, as well as for fish fed PCS, PTS and PPS diets, but values in groups fed the raw starch sources were significantly higher compared with fish fed the pre‐gelatinized starches. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio in fish fed different starch source diets showed no significant differences but were significantly higher than those fed a non‐starch control diet. Protein productive value was improved by starch incorporation to diets. PCS, PTS or PPS groups showed lower feed intake compared with RCS, RTS or RPS groups, and the differences were significant between PCS, PPS and RCS, RPS groups. Whole‐body protein and ash contents and muscle compositions were not affected by different starch sources. Whole‐body and liver lipid contents, liver moisture and glycogen contents were significantly affected by starch source. Values of hepatosomatic index, intraperitoneal fat ratio, viscerosomatic index and condition factor did not vary between experimental treatments. Plasma total protein concentration for RCS, RTS or RPS fed fish was significantly higher than that for PCS, PTS or PPS fed fish, but significantly lower than that for non‐starch fed fish. Plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were unaffected by starch source, but were significantly higher in fish fed the non‐starch control diets. Plasma glucose concentrations in all dietary groups were relatively stable. In conclusion, raw corn, tapioca and potato starches at a 200 g kg⁻¹ inclusion level were well utilized as energy sources by yellowfin seabream, which was evidenced by better WG and SGR. Pre‐gelatinization of the starches had no positive effect on starch utilization.     

Species identification method for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scombrops boops</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scombrops gilberti</Emphasis> based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of mitochondrial DNA

ABSTRACT:   Gnomefish Scombrops boops and Scombrops gilberti are commercially important fishes in Japan, but these species are often confused in the markets because of their morphological similarity. To identify these two species, we performed nucleotide sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and the control region in mitochondrial DNA. Five and 12 nucleotide substitutions were observed between species in the 777-bp 16S rRNA gene and 471-bp control region, respectively. Diagnostic restriction sites for discriminating between S. boops and S. gilberti were found in the 16S rRNA gene, but not in the control region. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–RFLP analysis using two enzymes, Eco NI and Mva I, clearly discriminated between S. boops and S. gilberti identified by meristic characters. The PCR–RFLP analysis identified most of the 168 Scombrops young caught in the coastal waters of the Izu and Miura peninsulas as S. boops , suggesting that S. gilberti juveniles are rare in this area.     

斑点叉尾TLR5和TLR5S基因在不同病原诱导下的表达特征

分别用迟钝爱德华氏菌Edwardsiella tarda、嗜水气单胞菌Aeromonas hydrophila、链球菌Streptococcus iniae和斑点叉尾(鱼回)呼肠孤病毒(channel catfish hemorrhage reovirus,CCRV)对斑点叉尾(鱼回)Ictalurus punctatus进行感染实验,取感染后0h、12h、24h、48h、72h和7d的头肾、肠、肝脏和脾脏,采用实时定量PCR方法检测了TLR5和TLR5S基因在这4种免疫相关组织中的时空表达特征,探讨它们与斑点叉尾(鱼回)先天免疫反应的关系.结果表明,链球菌和迟钝爱德华氏菌能够引起TLR5和TLR5S强烈的上调表达,其中以感染链球菌12h后TLR5S在头肾中的表达上调量最为显著,与对照组相比提高了132倍(P＜0.01).在感染嗜水气单胞菌后的24h内TLR5和TLR5S基因的表达量上升,但随后却显示出了明显的下调趋势,而斑点叉尾(鱼回)呼肠孤病毒在TLR5和TLR5S基因表达中起到了明显的抑制作用,于大部分组织中表达下调.在感染12h的脾脏中,TLR5基因的表达量仅为对照组的0.017倍(P＜0.01),而TLR5S基因表达量达到最低,仅为对照组的0.01倍(P＜0.01).从不同的组织来看,TLR5在肠中的表达上调幅度最大,而TLR5S在头肾中的表达增幅最明显,如感染链球菌和迟钝爱德华氏菌12h后,TLR5在肠中的表达量分别增加了50.4倍(P＜0.01)和14.8倍(P＜0.01),TLR5S在头肾中的表达量分别上升了52.8倍(P＜0.01)和132倍(P＜0.01).以上结果进一步证明了TLR5和TLR5S基因在斑点叉尾(鱼回)先天免疫反应过程中发挥着非常重要的作用,同时在抗病原侵袭过程中表现出了一定的组织特异性和病原特异性.