灌水方式和水平与施肥方式对糯玉米产量和水肥利用的影响

根区局部灌溉是通过人为控制作物部分根区湿润和干燥,刺激根系吸水功能和调节气孔开度,减少蒸发蒸腾耗水的节水灌溉技术。为揭示玉米根区局部灌溉水肥利用及其最佳供应模式,通过盆栽试验,研究了在不同灌水水平和施肥方式下玉米苗期-拔节期根区局部灌溉对糯玉米产量、水分利用和NK含量和吸收量的影响。试验设3种灌水方式,即常规灌溉CI、分根区交替灌溉AI和部分根区固定灌溉FI,3种灌水水平,即充分灌水W1、轻度亏水W2和中度亏水W3,和2种施肥方式,即1/2土壤50%施肥量+1/2土壤50%施肥量F1和1/2土壤70%施肥量+1/2土壤30%施肥量F2。F1W1时,与CI相比,AI耗水量减少12.9%,而鲜穗产量、水分利用效率和地上部K含量分别增加15.7%、32.9%和16.6%,但是地上部N含量和总N、K吸收量增加不明显。与F1相比,AIW1时,F2鲜穗产量、水分利用效率、地上部K含量和总K吸收量均有所降低。因此,苗期-拔节期分根区交替灌溉AI在充分灌水W1且均匀施肥F1情况下表现最佳。     

不同灌溉模式下光合有效辐射与水稻叶片水分利用效率关系研究

根据江西省示范区晚稻节水灌溉试验资料,研究了不同灌溉模式下叶片水分利用效率随光合有效辐射的变化规律,分析了光合有效辐射与叶片水分利用效率的主要影响因子,气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度以及叶气温差的关系。结果表明:水稻叶片水分利用效率随光合有效辐射的增大表现出先增大后下降的变化趋势,二者之间表现出较好的二次曲线关系;光合有效辐射在500~900μmol/(m2.s)范围内,叶片水分利用效率均大于7.0μmolCO2/mmolH2O;控制灌溉模式下,水稻叶片水分利用效率略大于常规灌溉模式下的单叶水分利用效率,但无明显差异;光合有效辐射与气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度之间表现出较好的多项式关系,与叶气温差呈明显的直线关系,它们的关系从一定程度上揭示了光合有效辐射影响水稻叶片水分利用效率的生理机制。     

不同沟灌方式对玉米光合速率和蒸腾速率的影响

交替隔沟灌溉和固定隔沟灌溉玉米的蒸腾速率较常规灌溉明显下降,光合速率有降低但降幅不大。交替隔沟灌溉玉米的叶片水分利用效率最高。随着土壤含水率的增大,不同处理玉米的光合速率和蒸腾速率都趋于增大。交替方式和固定方式玉米的光合速率增幅比常规灌溉大,叶片水分利用效率大于常规灌溉。     

不同灌溉模式对水稻生长、水分和辐射利用效率的影响

为研究不同灌溉模式对寒地黑土水稻农艺性状、光合特性、水分利用效率以及辐射利用效率的影响,设置了控制灌溉、浅湿灌溉和全面淹灌3种灌溉模式,于2017—2018年在黑龙江省庆安灌溉试验站进行了试验。结果表明：两个生长季内,控制灌溉水稻各生育时期叶面积指数比全面淹灌分别增加了7.94%～23.67%和5%～14.47%,控制灌溉下地上部干物质量的积累量比全面淹灌增加了12.13%和7.98%,控制灌溉和浅湿灌溉的冠层光合有效辐射截获总量较全面淹灌分别增加了74.05、23.65μmol/（m2·s）和63.35、16.85μmol/（m2·s）;除乳熟期外,其余生育期控制灌溉叶片叶绿素含量（SPAD）显著高于浅湿灌溉与全面灌溉;3种灌溉模式下最大初始转换效率从分蘖期开始上升,拔节期和抽穗期达到最大值,在乳熟期开始下降,非光化学荧光淬灭系数、光化学荧光淬灭系数前期略有波动,在乳熟期迅速下降,光合电子传递速率从分蘖期到乳熟期逐渐下降。两个生长季内,控制灌溉下产量略高于全面淹灌,但灌溉用水量较全面灌溉分别减少了31.45%和31.67%,水分利用效率比全面淹灌提高了46.45%和46.20%,辐射利用效率分别较全面淹灌增加了1.042%和1.036%,表明控制灌溉为黑龙江省半湿润区最佳灌溉模式。     

分根区交替灌溉对北疆加工番茄生理生长及产量的影响

分根区交替灌溉被广泛应用于园艺作物和农作物中,以达到高效节水的目的.采用桶栽试验,供试加工番茄为当地主栽品种"金番3166",研究了3种灌溉方式(AI,FI,CI)与滴灌覆膜结合,在3个灌水水平(W1:5 850 m~3/hm~2,W2:4 500 m~3/hm~2,W3:3 150 m~3/hm~2)下的加工番茄生理生长及产量变化.结果表明:W1条件下,AI较CI加工番茄生育期末根系干物质质量、产量及水分利用效率分别提高5.95%,16.87%及17.29%;较FI分别提高14.62%,19.77%及8.33%.叶绿素SPAD,F_v/F_m,Q_p,P_n,叶片iWUE最大值均在AIW1处理,Npq最大值在FIW3处理.产量与Pn、根冠比有较好的相关关系.分根区交替灌溉在适宜的灌溉定额下不仅能提高水分利用效率,还能提高叶片叶绿素含量以提高净光合能力,达到增产的目的.综上,AIW1处理是加工番茄高效节水增产的最佳灌溉模式.     

冬小麦节水灌溉的适宜土壤水分上,下限指标研究

利用田间试验结果研究了冬小麦拔节～灌浆期间叶片光合速率、蒸腾达率、气孔阻力与土壤水分变化之间的关系,并从叶片水平探讨提高光合水分利用效率指导大田灌溉的适宜上壤水分上、下限指标。结果表明,冬小麦叶片光合速率的高值区域所对应的土壤水分为18％～19．2％（相当于田间持水率的75％～80％）;当土壤水分超过19．2％时,光合速率开始缓慢降低,而蒸腾速率则仍在增加,导致光合水分利用效率急剧降低。据此可将冬小麦节水灌溉的适宜土壤水分上限指标定为田间持水率的80％。冬小麦叶片的气孔阻力对土壤水分的变动有一阈值反应,当土壤水分不低于14％（相当于田间持水率的58．3％）时,土壤水分对气孔阻力的影响几乎等效,同时不会对叶片光合作用引起破坏性影响,故可将此值定为冬小麦节水灌溉的适宜土壤水分下限指标。     

水分胁迫对冬小麦冠层结构及光合特性的研究

冬小麦在不同的水分条件下有不同的表现形式,主要利用CI110植物冠层结构分析仪研究在不同时期的水分胁迫条件下,冬小麦的冠层结构形状的变化。研究结果表明:不同时期进行水分胁迫的处理在冠层光分布中有明显的差异,干旱处理和水分胁迫的处理的叶面积指数小于其它处理,消光系数、叶倾角、散射辐射的穿透系数和直接辐射的穿透系数则大于其它处理;随着时间的变化,冬小麦冠层内的光分布参数在不同水分处理间的差异变的越来越小;光合特性也有明显的差异,干旱处理和水分胁迫处理的光合特性明显低于其它处理的水平;不同时期水分胁迫处理对植株叶片的影响主要集中在植株的中部。     

冬小麦冠气温差及其相关影响因素关系研究

在冬小麦主要生育期(2002年的4月初到5月底),对3个不同水分处理测定了冠层温度、气温以及土壤含水率和叶面积指数,并进一步计算了冠气温差并分析了冠气温差与土壤含水率和叶面积指数间的关系。结果表明:不同的灌溉措施对冠气温差的影响是有差异的;中午14:00左右在H2高度处(冠层之上)的冠气温差能反映作物的水分特征,可以用此时刻的实验结果来检验遥感数据反演冠气温差的精度;在60～80cm土层的土壤体积含水率能较好地反映中午14:00冠层之上冬小麦冠气温差的变化情况,不同水分处理二者的相关系数(R2)分别为0.60361(节水灌溉),0.95668(充分灌溉),0.84597(不灌溉);不同水分处理下的冬小麦主要生育期的叶面积指数与冠气温差也有一定的相关性,冠层之上二者的相关系数分别为:0.76082(节水灌溉),0.40548(充分灌溉),0.99499(不灌溉),这为区域上遥感反演作物冠气温差来监测土壤含水率及作物估产提供了依据。     

盐胁迫条件下不同水量交替灌溉对小桐子生长和水分利用的影响

为了研究盐胁迫条件下,不同水量交替灌溉对小桐子幼树生长和水分利用效率的影响,采取盆栽试验,设置3种供水水平［W1: 19.8 mm,W2: 19.8/39.6 mm(对2种灌溉定额进行交替灌溉),W3: 39.6 mm］和3种施盐水平(每kg风干土中加入NaCl分析纯的质量分别为S0: 0 g,S1: 3 g,S2: 6 g),对小桐子幼树进行处理.结果表明:与处理W3相比,W2节水19.72%,其平均茎粗、叶面积及叶片数仅分别下降了4.10%,6.14%,1.32%,总蒸散量和干物质质量分别减少19.68%和10.14%,从而水分利用效率提高了11.61%.在处理W2下,与处理S0相比,S1的小桐子总干物质质量和水分利用效率分别显著增加17.49%和20.30%,表明在处理W2下,处理S1对提高小桐子的生长和水分利用效率具有一定的促进作用.盐分S2胁迫时,与处理W3相比,W2的株高和茎粗分别提高44.99%和3.47%,总蒸散量显著降低20.30%,总干物质质量和水分利用效率分别显著增加30.90%和65.38%,表明在盐胁迫程度较高的处理S2下,采用处理W2具有提高小桐子抗盐胁迫的能力.可见,在盐胁迫条件下采取不同水量交替灌溉处理,不仅可促进小桐子生长和水分利用效率提高,而且提高了小桐子的抗盐胁迫能力.     

管渠灌溉对夏玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响

为探讨不同灌溉方式对夏玉米生长及水分利用效率的影响,以夏玉米为研究对象,设定传统连续灌溉(T)、管渠灌溉(P)、波涌流灌溉(S)和固定隔畦波涌灌溉(G)4种灌溉方式,对比分析4种不同灌溉方式下对夏玉米的叶面积指数、株高、地上部干物质积累量、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果显示:①夏玉米生育期内4种不同灌溉方式下株高相差不显著,基本不受灌溉方式的影响;②全生育期内P处理叶面积指数最大,且在不同畦段的叶面积指数变化不大。T处理叶面积指数在畦中段与畦尾段上的叶面积指数相差较大;③P处理的地上部干物质积累量最高,总体表现为PSTG;④在夏玉米产量上,P处理比T处理提高了7.64%,且P处理水分利用效率最高,对比T处理、S处理和G处理分别提高了17.5%、9.3%和11.9%。因此,管渠灌溉能提高水分利用效率,在山东泰安对夏玉米采用管渠灌溉可以取得较好的节水和增产效果。     

Partial root-zone irrigation enhanced soil enzyme activities and water use of maize under different ratios of inorganic to organic nitrogen fertilizers

Partial root-zone irrigation (PRI) is an effective water-saving irrigation method but the heterogeneous soil moisture distribution that may affect soil enzymatic activities and crop water use. With pot-grown maize, we investigated the dry mass accumulation, crop water-use efficiency and the activities of four major soil enzymes from jointing to grain filling stages of maize plants subjected to PRI and also different ratios of inorganic to organic N fertilizers. Three irrigation methods, i.e. conventional irrigation (CI), alternate PRI (APRI) and fixed PRI (FPRI) and three ratios of inorganic to organic N, i.e. 100% inorganic (F₁), 70% inorganic + 30% organic (F₂) and 40% inorganic + 60% organic (F₃), were applied. Compared to CI, PRI reduced total dry mass and water consumption of maize by 9.5 and 15.7%, respectively, which led to an increase of canopy water-use efficiency by 7.4%. Within the same irrigation method (CI, APRI or FPRI), added organic N increased total dry mass and canopy WUE. During the whole period, maximal soil catalase, urease and acid-phosphatase activities occurred in the wet root-zone of PRI, but maximal invertase activity occurred in the dry root-zone of PRI. When organic N was the most (F₃), APRI increased soil catalase, urease and invertase activities at jointing stage if compared to CI, but PRI reduced the acid-phosphatase activity from jointing to filling stages. Soil catalase, urease and invertase activities generally increased with more organic manure, but the maximal acid-phosphatase activities occurred under moderate amount of organic N (F₂). Our results indicate that APRI increases canopy WUE and the catalase, urease and invertase activities in its wet zone and organic N plays a major role in enhancing canopy WUE and soil enzymatic activities.     

Water-use efficiency and physiological responses of maize under partial root-zone irrigation

Alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) is a water-saving irrigation method but also can regulate crop physiological responses. This study investigated how water-use efficiency (WUE) and other physiological responses were regulated at different growth stages when maize plants were applied with APRI and how these responses were recovered to control levels when full irrigation was resumed. A pot experiment was carried out at two fertilization levels and with three irrigation methods at the jointing stage (29-38 days after sowing) or during the jointing and tasselling stages (29-77 days after sowing). The irrigation methods included the conventional irrigation (CI), APRI and fixed PRI (FPRI, watering was fixed to one side). Compared to the CI, APRI at the jointing stage for 10 days or during the jointing and tasselling stages for 49 days reduced water consumption by 10.6-12.9 and 31.7-32.4%, respectively, but did not reduce total dry mass accumulation significantly, thus increased canopy WUE by 10.4-13.6 and 41.2-41.8%, respectively. FPRI reduced the total dry mass significantly even though it also improved canopy WUE. APRI had slight effect on the leaf relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoid (CAR), proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities from jointing to tasselling stages but recovery to the levels of CI was rapid after receiving full watering. In comparison, FPRI treatment significantly reduced leaf RWC, Chl and CAR contents and SOD and POD activities and increased the Pro and MAD contents. After receiving full watering, the above-mentioned physiological indexes in FPRI could not recover fully to the levels of CI. High fertilization treatment only increased leaf Chl content significantly and contributed little to the total dry mass accumulation. Our result suggests that APRI can make plants use water and nutrients more efficiently with better drought tolerance.     

分根区交替灌溉下水分亏缺对夏玉米生长和水分利用效率的影响

为探讨玉米节水灌溉方式的理论依据,通过桶栽试验研究了分根区交替灌溉(APRI)方式下,不同生育期水分亏缺对夏玉米生长、干物质累积质量、籽粒产量、总耗水量和水分利用效率(WUE)的影响.结果表明:常规灌溉(CI)方式下,苗期和全生育期水分亏缺的株高、叶面积和总耗水量均显著低于充分灌溉,但苗期水分亏缺可以提高WUE.相同的灌水方式和亏缺时期,中度亏缺的根干物质质量、地上和总干物质质量以及籽粒产量均显著高于重度亏缺;相同的灌水方式和灌水水平,苗期水分亏缺的株高、叶面积、根干物质质量、地上和总干物质质量以及总耗水量均显著的低于灌浆期,但籽粒产量和WUE均显著高于灌浆期;相同的灌水水平和亏缺时期,APRI的根干物质质量和总耗水量均显著低于CI的,但APRI的籽粒产量和水分利用效率均显著高于CI的.本研究结果表明,APRI在苗期进行中度亏缺有利于营养生长的调控,并达到节水高产,提高WUE的目的.     

Antioxidation responses of maize roots and leaves to partial root-zone irrigation

Antioxidation responses of maize roots and leaves to water deficit and rewatering under partial root-zone irrigation (PRI) were investigated using a pot system. Plants were cultured using three irrigation methods, i.e. conventional irrigation (CI), alternate PRI (APRI) and fixed PRI (FPRI) with three different water regimes including W₁ (70% field capacity, FC), W₂ (50% FC) and W₃ (35% FC). Compared to CI, root peroxidases (POD) activity was enhanced in the irrigated root zone of FPRI and both root zones of APRI during mild water deficit. After rewatering, POD activity was increased in the dry root zone under FPRI but reduced in the roots under APRI. Roots in the dry zone and leaves under FPRI remained high superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after rewatering. In contrast, SOD activity decreased in the roots and leaves under CI and APRI. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were increased in leaves and two sub-roots under FPRI during water deficit and remained higher after rewatering compared to those under CI and APRI. MDA contents in the tissues under APRI showed similar levels to those under CI. Compared to CI, APRI showed the same biomass production, achieving significantly higher water use efficiency under mild water deficit. The results suggested that plants under APRI experienced less oxidative stress or damage induced by water deficit.     

干旱区分根交替膜下滴灌对棉花生长和水分利用效率的影响

为探讨干旱区农业节水的途径,以棉花为供试作物,采用2种不同的灌水方式,研究了干旱区分根交替膜下滴灌对棉花生长和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,在大田条件下,交替滴灌与常规滴灌的光合速率相比差异未达到显著水平,棉花株高在交替滴灌处理下均大于常规滴灌处理,而交替滴灌处理下蒸腾速率在整个生育期均低于常规滴灌处理。交替滴灌使棉花根系经受一定程度的水分胁迫锻炼,从而刺激根系的生长发育,因此交替滴灌对棉花根系生长有显著促进作用。相比常规滴灌,交替滴灌抑制了棉花蒸腾速率,即交替滴灌通过减少棵间蒸发和作物蒸腾耗水来提高了棉花的水分利用效率。同等产量水平下与常规滴灌相比,干旱区棉花交替滴灌可节省20.3%的灌水量,节水效果明显。     

不同种植方式和亏缺灌溉对设施黄瓜生理特性及WUE的影响

【目的】揭示滴灌水分亏缺和种植方式对设施黄瓜叶片光合特性、物质积累与水分利用效率的调控效应,筛选适宜的亏缺灌溉栽培模式。【方法】以"津优316"黄瓜为试材,在定植密度相同时,设置了"等行距+70%灌溉量"(T1)、"宽窄行+70%灌溉量"(T2)、"等行距+常规灌溉量"(T3)、"宽窄行+常规灌溉量"(T4)4个处理,定植后第5天开始不同灌溉量处理,分析了定植后6周内黄瓜叶片生理特性、光合作用、水分利用率(WUE)、形态指标和物质积累、以及全生育期黄瓜总产量对滴灌水分亏缺和种植方式的响应规律。【结果】不同种植方式对黄瓜生理特征、光合作用、形态指标、物质积累、水分利用效率的影响均不显著。亏缺灌溉黄瓜植株受到不同程度水分胁迫,可溶性物质量和脱落酸量显著增加;由于气孔限制值(Ls)增加,净光合速率(Pn)降低了10.75%,蒸腾速率(Tr)降低了15.03%,物质积累减少了15.46%,总产量降低了12.60%,但水分利用效率提高了20.97%。不同处理中,T4处理产量最高,作物水分利用效率(WUEET)最低,与T4处理相比,T1处理的黄瓜植株受到一定程度的水分胁迫,Pn显著降低了13.68%,干物质积累显著降低了9.41%,黄瓜总产量降低了9.30%,但WUEET提高了23.96%;T2处理黄瓜叶片过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)量、可溶性蛋白量、脱落酸(ABA)量显著增加,植株受到水分胁迫,Pn显著降低了10.52%,干物质积累显著降低了23.55%,总产量显著降低了12.37%,但WUEET显著提高了23.96%;T3处理黄瓜植株未受到水分胁迫,Pn、干物质积累、总产量、WUEET差异不显著。【结论】亏缺灌溉黄瓜虽然产量降低,但由于耗水量的大幅降低,水分利用效率显著提高。T1处理虽然总产量降低了9.30%,但提高黄瓜水分利用率23.96%,是适宜的滴灌水分亏缺模式。     

Water use efficiency and fruit quality of table grape under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation

Two-year field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation on fruit yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency of table grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv Rizamat) in the arid region of northwest China. Three irrigation treatments were included, i.e. CDI (conventional drip irrigation, both sides of the root-zone irrigated), ADI (alternate drip irrigation, both sides of the root-zone irrigated alternatively with half the water) and FDI (fixed drip irrigation, only one side of the root system irrigated with half the water). Results indicated that compared to CDI, ADI kept the same photosynthetic rate (P_n) but reduced transpiration rate, thus increased leaf water use efficiency (WUE) of table grape. And diurnal variation of leaf water potential showed no significant differences during 7.00 a.m. to 14.00 p.m. in both years. ADI also produced similar yield and improved WUE_ET by 26.7–46.4% and increased the percentage of edible grape by 3.88–5.78%, vitamin C content in the fruit by 15.3–42.2% and ratio of total soluble solid concentration/titrated acid in both years as compared to CDI. Thus ADI saved irrigation water, improved the water use efficiency and fruit quality of table grape without detrimental effect on the fruit yield in arid region.     

不同生育时期分根区交替灌溉对烤烟生长和氮钾含量的影响

通过盆栽试验研究了在2种施肥条件下,不同生育时期分根区交替灌溉(APRI)对烤烟生长、干物质积累与分配以及烟叶氮(N)、钾(K)含量的影响。结果表明,伸根期和成熟期APRI不但对烤烟植株有明显的增高作用,而且能显著提高烟叶中N、K含量。与常规灌溉(CI)相比,低肥时伸根期和成熟期APRI的株高、烟叶N含量、K含量分别提高5.19%、9.16%、6.42%和14.02%、28.03%、28.13%;高肥时分别提高9.11%、23.71%、18.75%和16.55%、38.57%、50.84%。可见在较高肥条件下,烤烟伸根期和成熟期进行分根区交替灌溉是烟叶适产优质生产中一种较好的水分调控方式。     

不同灌溉模式下草莓对水分胁迫的生理响应研究

【目的】探究不同灌溉模式下草莓对水分胁迫的生理响应,确定草莓节水灌溉适宜模式。【方法】采用3种灌溉模式:充分灌溉(FI,CK)、分根灌溉(PRI)和亏缺灌溉(DI),PRI和DI模式下设置3个水分胁迫水平:轻度(LS)、中度(MS)和重度(SS),研究了不同灌溉模式下水分胁迫对草莓叶片叶绿素量、光合与蒸腾速率、渗透调节物质和丙二醛(MDA)量的影响。【结果】DI与PRI灌溉模式下,草莓叶片叶绿素a(Chl a)和叶绿素b(Chl b)量都显著低于CK,且随着基质水分胁迫程度的加剧而呈下降趋势;与DI模式相比,PRI模式下草莓叶片叶绿素量相对较高;随着水分胁迫程度的增强,DI和PRI草莓叶片蒸腾速率下降幅度明显,分别为35.2%～44.7%和21.0%～47.0%,而净光合速率变化不明显;MS和SS水平下DI和PRI的水分利用效率(WUE)分别较CK高101.8%～117.9%和68.8%～149.8%;不同水分胁迫水平下,PRI草莓叶片脯氨酸(PRO)累积量显著高于CK(19.0%～26.0%),且在LS和MS水平下显著高于DI;PRI草莓叶片MDA累积量仅在SS水平下显著高于CK(30.2%),而DI草莓叶片MDA累积量在MS和SS水平下显著高于CK,分别为34.4%和56.4%。【结论】PRI模式草莓比DI模式具有更强的渗透调节能力和耐旱性,PRI-MS组合为草莓节水灌溉适宜模式。     

水肥光耦合对小粒咖啡生长特性及水肥利用的影响

为探明小粒咖啡灌溉、施肥和遮荫高效管理模式,设置灌水(W_L:0.8ET_P,W_M:1.0ET_P和W_H:1.2ET_P,其中ET_P为水面蒸发量)、施肥(F_L∶N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=90.8∶90.8∶90.8 kg/hm²,F_M∶N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=181.6∶181.6∶181.6 kg/hm²和F_H∶N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=272.4∶272.4∶272.4 kg/hm²)和遮荫(NS:自然光照和S:30%遮荫度)三因素完全组合试验,研究不同灌溉、施肥和遮荫对小粒咖啡冠层结构、光合特性、水肥利用以及干物质累积的影响,同时拟合不同水肥光条件下光合指标日变化.结果表明,提高灌溉水平和遮荫度会显著降低冠层开度,增加叶面积指数、净光合速率和蒸腾速率.与NS相比,处理S光合特性日变化拟合曲线为“单峰”,同时对干物质累积量、灌溉水分利用效率和肥料偏生产力分别提高6.24%,11.21%和11.54%.提高灌溉水平能增加干物质累积量与肥料偏生产力,但降低了灌溉水分利用效率.与F_L相比,F_H提高干物质累积量和灌溉水分利用效率分别为20.59%,6.94%,F_M分别提高23.00%和7.63%.由极差分析及综合评分法得出,W_MF_LS组合的小粒咖啡干物质累积量与水肥利用的综合效益最大.研究结果可为小粒咖啡高效生产提供实践参考.