亚麻冬季南繁技术

亚麻冬季南繁的目的是对亚麻杂交后代进行加代和高倍繁育优良品种,提高亚麻种子的繁殖倍数和种子质量.在栽培措施上,特别是选地、播种和收获时期方面不同于南方冬季亚麻生产.作者总结多年的冬季南繁经验,提出了一套亚麻冬季南繁选地、整地、播种、田间管理、收获等方面的技术措施,为亚麻冬季南繁提供技术参考.     

玉米南繁育种综合技术措施

根据多年的南繁实践经验,对冬季海南岛南繁玉米育种主要技术环节进行总结。并针对选地、整地、播种、田间管理、虫鼠害防治、花期调控和收获晾晒等关键技术措施进行了详细论述。     

云南亚麻繁育技术

云南省元谋县农场是中国农业科学院指定的南繁基地之一,纤维亚麻在元谋冬季南繁取得了成功.南繁是为了对亚麻杂交后代进行加代和高倍繁育优良品系(种),提高亚麻种子的繁殖倍数和种子质量.本文总结了在云南元谋冬季南繁经验,提出了一套纤维亚麻冬季南繁的技术措施,为亚麻冬季南繁提供技术参考.     

南繁棉花田间管理前稳中促后控技术

不同于水稻、玉米和大豆等作物．棉花全生育期较长．在棉区和南繁一年两季的田间时间往往超过一周年。所以，南繁棉花的关键是加强田间管理．以便适时收获．促使南繁种子能够赶上在棉区的正常播种。     

有机大豆高产栽培技术探讨

根据有机农作物的特点,从选品种、选地、播种、施肥、田间管理、病虫害防治到收获、运输、储藏等方面阐述了种植有机大豆需要注意的问题和技术措施,为有机大豆生产提供了技术参考。     

东北高纬度地区亚麻高产栽培技术研究

本文阐述了东北高寒地区种植亚麻的高产栽培技术。包括：选茬、整地、种子处理、除草剂的选用等。适时播种，氮、磷、钾和微量元素合理搭配，选用优良种子和合理的种植密度，利用机械收获是丰产、丰收的保证。     

新疆阿瓦提县实施陆地棉高产示范的效果评价

从选地、播前准备、播种、苗期管理、蕾期管理和花铃期管理6个方面，阐述了阿瓦提县陆地棉高产示范的技术措施和效果。     

水稻海南冬季加代、扩繁技术

分析了海南温光条件对水稻生育特性的影响及海南冬季水稻播期的确定，详细说明了从苗床地选择、做床、播种密度等海南冬季水稻育苗技术，就整地、施肥等方面介绍了水稻田间管理技术及检疫性病害防治措施。     

海南冬季植棉特点

以加代为主要目标的冬季植棉 ,多在海南岛南边的三亚地区进行 ,一般是在 1 0月播种 ,次年 3～ 4月收获完毕。全生育期的气温两头高中间低 ,呈马鞍形。当地年降雨量很大 ,但却集中于 6～ 9月 ,南繁季节基本无雨 ,光照充足 ,没有霜冻。南繁的棉花 ,自身表现与在棉区有许多不同 ,并因此形成了植棉管理或棉花科研方面的技术特点。掌握这些特点 ,是棉花南繁取得成功的基础。1　冬繁棉花生物学特点1 .1　自然特性表现充分。在海南岛 ,材料自身特征能够充分地表现出来 ,材料之间的性状差异更明显。如生育期、株型、棉铃形状等 ,更易区别。与在棉区…     

高寒山区马铃薯玉米间作生产技术操作规程

该生产技术操作规程规定了马铃薯、玉米生产过程中的选种及种薯处理、选地、选茬、耕整地、施肥、播种、田间管理及收获等技术要求。     

The effect of time of sowing and sowing method on production of white clover in mixed swards

Two field trials were carried out in successive years in which (1) perennial ryegrass and white clover seeds were drilled together, or (2) clover was broadcast and grass drilled, or (3) both clover and grass were broadcast. The last two treatments were followed by harrowing or not of the seed bed. Sowing took place in early May or August. Four harvests were taken in each full harvest year. In establishment years, sowing in May resulted in a total dry matter (DM) production at least ten times higher than that resulting from sowing in August. No sowing method treatment effects on total DM or clover yield were significant in the establishment year (measured only in spring-sown plots). In the first harvest year the August-sown treatments produced 15% less DM than those sown in May and clover yield was, on average, 40% lower than the earlier sown treatments; clover proportion followed a similar pattern to yield. Drilling of both grass and clover without harrowing produced swards with a significantly lower proportion of clover in the first harvest year in the first trial than in treatments in which clover was broadcast but not harrowed. In the second trial at harvest 1, clover proportion just failed to be significantly lower in the treatment in which grass and clover were drilled than in the treatment when clover was broadcast and the seed bed harrowed. In the second harvest year (first trial only), annual clover yield and proportion were not affected but drilled grass and clover had lower DM yield than when grass was drilled and clover broadcast without harrowing and when both were broadcast, without harrowing. At one harvest, the yield of clover in treatments sown in May was actually lower than that in the later-sown plots. In a subsidiary controlled environment experiment to investigate the effect of stage of clover development on cold hardiness (a factor in autumn-sown swards), plants which were about to initiate stolons (58 days old) had an LD₅₀ of ?5·1° compared with ?9·3°C for plants 60 days older. It is concluded that autumn sowing delays the time at which optimum clover production is achieved (late in the first full harvest year) and method of sowing does not compensate for this. However, sowing in August under Northern Ireland conditions does not seem to jeopardize the chances of a successful establishment of white clover, and plants should be sufficiently winter hardy to withstand relatively hard freezing conditions.     

Year-Round Cultivation of Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] through a Combination of Seed and Ratoon Cropping in Indonesian Savanna

We studied the year-round cultivation of sweet sorghum, which is a raw material for the fermentation of monosodium glutamate, in East Java, Indonesia. In this savanna area, each year comprises 2 seasons–dry (April–September) and rainy (October–March). Seed crops were sown almost every month for 1 yr, and each seed cropping was followed by a ratoon cropping after the seed crop harvest. The stem-related traits of plants from different sowing or ratooning dates were studied at around 17 weeks after sowing or ratooning. For both plants derived from seed and ratoon, better crop establishment was observed when cultivation was commenced during the rainy season than during the dry season. Although sowing was undertaken each week in August and September during the most severe dry period, germination rate was very low (or zero) and even the germinated plants died within a short time. In contrast, ratoon cropping was started and plants were grown until harvest. In East Java, it is considered possible to produce sweet sorghum throughout the year, mainly by sowing, but also partially by ratooning during the most severe drought period of the dry season.     

播种期对亚麻白粉病发病指数及产量的影响

本试验验采用不同油用亚麻品种,分析研究了播种期对产量及白粉病发病情况的影响,结果表明播种期对白粉病发病的影响不显著,适当提早播种能较大幅度地提高油用亚麻产量,是一项行之有效的丰产栽培技术。     

黑龙江省油用亚麻栽培技术

黑龙江省一直以栽培纤维型亚麻为主，进入21世纪后，国内外亚麻纤维市场需求发生较大变化，致使我省纤维亚麻种植面积逐步减少。为发挥我省亚麻产业资源优势，我省亚麻主产区用油用亚麻替代部分纤维亚麻种植，相继建设以亚麻籽为原料的加工企业，开发出亚麻油、阿尔法亚麻酸、亚麻胶、亚麻冲剂等多个新产品，销往日本、韩国等东南亚国家。本文主要阐述黑龙江省油用亚麻栽培需要的生态环境，土壤、品种、施肥、病虫害防治等技术要点。同时提出油用亚麻和纤维型亚麻不同的技术要求及对策。     

长江中下游麦区小麦迟播的不利影响及育种对策

近年来长江中下游稻麦轮作区水稻成熟期不断推迟,致使小麦播期大幅度推迟,这已成为该麦区小麦高产稳产的主要障碍。迟播不仅导致小麦生育期缩短,积温、光照时数减少,营养生长不足,难以形成高产群体基础,还导致赤霉病和白粉病严重发生,增加了灌浆期遭遇高温危害的风险及收获前遇阴雨发生穗发芽的概率。为了减少小麦迟播的不利影响,除了栽培措施应对外,根本措施是培育适合迟播的小麦品种。在育种时应重点加强迟播条件下出苗快、生根快、分蘖早、越冬期仍能保持较大生长量和分蘖发生量等性状的选择;提高抗性,特别是赤霉病抗性、耐渍性和抗穗发芽性;注重选择灌浆速率高、耐高温逼熟的品种,利用灌浆速率的提高补偿灌浆时间缩短的不利效应,培育迟播高产品种。     

信阳地区红麻高产栽培技术

本文从信阳市红麻生产现状出发，根据农民在生产中存在的一些技术问题，从红麻整地、播种、施肥、收获四个方面提出一些技术改进措施，力争提高红麻纤维产量。增加农民收入。     

Effects of harvest and sowing time on the performance of the rotation of winter wheat–summer maize in the North China Plain

Rotation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and summer maize (Zea mays L.) is the prevailing double-cropping system in the North China Plain. Typically, winter wheat is planted at the beginning of October and harvested during early June. Maize is planted immediately after wheat and harvested around 25th of September. The growing season of maize is limited to about 100–110 days. How to rectify the sowing date of winter wheat and the harvest time of summer maize are two factors to achieve higher grain yield of the two crops. Three-year field experiments were carried out to compare the grain yield, evapotranspiration (ET), water use efficiency (WUE) and economic return under six combinations of the harvest time of summer maize and sowing date of winter wheat from 2002 to 2005. Yield of winter wheat was similar for treatments of sowing before 10th of October. Afterwards, yield of winter wheat was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) by 0.5% each day delayed in sowing. The kernel weight of maize was significantly increased (P < 0.05) by about 0.6% each day delayed from harvest before 5th of October. After 10th of October, kernel weight of maize was not significantly increased with the delay in harvest because of the lower temperature. The kernel weight of maize with thermal time was in a quadratic relationship. Total seasonal ET of winter wheat was reduced by 2.5 mm/day delayed in sowing and ET of maize was averagely increased by 2.0 mm/day delayed in harvest. The net income, benefit–cost and net profit per millimetre of water used of harvest maize at the beginning of October and sowing winter wheat around 10th of October were greater compared with other treatments. Then the common practice of harvest maize and sowing winter wheat in the region could be delayed by 5 days correspondingly.     

云南宾川县亚麻生产技术系列报道之一—云南冬亚麻播种期试验简报

研究出云南省宾川县亚麻种植的适宜播期为9月25日至10月25日，最适播期为10月5日至15日，在最适播期播种的亚麻经济性状好，原茎产量高。     

烟后超级稻抛秧栽培关键技术

针对烟稻轮作和抛秧的特点,提出了烟后超级稻抛栽要因地制宜,选好稻种,合理安排播种期,采用塑料软盘培育壮秧,合理的抛栽密度,促控高产群体生长,病虫害综合防治等高产栽培技术。