油莎豆的研究现状及展望

介绍了油莎豆抗逆性强、播种期长、产量高、块茎含油率高等生物性状,以及能做绿肥、保健食用油、保健医药、饲料等用途,并对油莎豆未来大面积种植推广进行了展望。     

关于云南橡胶种子油食用开发现状与思考

简述橡胶种子油研发历史,证实橡胶种子油是一种营养丰富、保健功能明确的优质油资源;分析了橡胶种子油一直未能实现食用油开发的原因;提出了橡胶种子油食用开发还需要完成的研究和技术应用;展现了橡胶种子油食用开发经济效益高,社会效益、生态效益好的前景。     

茶叶籽油的加工工艺及其保健功效研究进展

茶叶籽油是一种纯天然高级木本可食用油脂,具有很高的营养价值和保健作用,其不饱和脂肪酸含量超过80%,维E含量丰富,具有降血脂、抗氧化及调节免疫功能、抗癌、美容护肤等保健功效。经初加工的茶叶籽油色泽深,带有苦涩味,需精加工。本文就茶叶籽油的理化特性、成分组成、加工工艺及其保健功能作一综述,以期为茶叶籽油的综合开发利用提供参考和依据。     

亚麻油提取工艺的研究进展

近年来,随着科学技术的进步,亚麻油的营养价值和保健功能引起了医疗、食品、农业等许多领域科学家的关注。本文综述了几种提取亚麻籽油的工艺,包括压榨法、溶剂浸提法、超临界萃取法和酶法。讨论了各种工艺的优缺点和影响亚麻籽油提取效率的因素。     

林蛙油、林蛙卵油的成分及开发利用

林蛙油已广为人知，畅销国内外，而林蛙卵油尚未被人所认识，其某些营养成分的保健价值显著高于林蛙油。分析其成分，为林蛙油、林蛙卵油的开发和深加工提供了依据。     

响应曲面分析法优化葡萄籽原花青素提取工艺的研究

采用响应曲面分析法对葡萄籽原花青素的提取工艺进行优化。对提取率影响因素进行单因素分析后,以Box-Behnken设计(BBD)评价提取剂浓度、料液比、提取时间和提取温度4个因素显著性和交互作用的分析,得出葡萄籽原花青素的最佳提取条件为:丙酮浓度75%,料液比1∶10(w/v),时间44 min,温度51℃。在该条件下,葡萄籽原花青素提取率的预测值为2.90%,验证为2.88%,纯度为55.92%。     

信阳茶区茶叶籽油产业化可行性研究

产业化开发茶叶籽油既可以满足高端保健食用油消费需求增加茶农收入，还为信阳茶产业注入新内容，助推河南省农村改革综合实验区建设。本文结合信阳茶区茶籽的生产利用现状，调研分析论证了利用茶叶籽油走产业化之路的可行性。     

茶叶籽油的品质化学、保健功能及应用研究进展

茶叶籽油富含不饱和脂肪酸、多酚、生育酚、植物甾醇、角鲨烯等活性成分,具有降脂减肥、抗氧化、调节免疫、保护皮肤等多种生物学功能,既是一种高营养的健康食用油,也在食品、医药、日化、农业环境、生物能源等领域具有广阔的应用前景。文章就茶叶籽油的理化性质、品质成分、保健功能、应用领域进行综述,以为今后的相关研究和应用提供参考。     

工业大麻种子的营养特性与保健品开发

工业大麻种子富含油脂、蛋白质、碳水化合物以及矿质元素和维生素,具有营养和保健双重功效,目前已经开发出大麻籽食品、油、蛋白粉、美容化妆品等系列保健产品。利用现代化加工工艺开发系列大麻营养食品及保健品,对改善人类营养结构、增进健康具有重大意义。     

辣木的有效成分、保健功能和开发利用研究进展

辣木(Moringa oleifera)是辣木科辣木属的热带落叶木本蔬菜及油料作物,有着丰富的营养价值和独特的生物活性,极具开发潜力。从辣木有效成分辣木油、蛋白质、总黄酮等的提取,抗氧化及保护肝脏、降血糖、降血脂、抗菌消炎等保健功能和开发利用等方面进行综述,为辣木资源的研究利用提供参考。     

超临界CO_2提取人参籽油工艺研究及人参籽油脂肪酸组成分析

该研究以人参籽为原料,采用超临界CO2流体技术萃取人参籽油,通过正交试验优化了萃取人参籽油工艺参数,再将其与通过冷榨法及溶剂法提取的人参籽油进行对比,测定和比较了不同工艺制取的人参籽油的脂肪酸组成。试验结果表明,在萃取压力26MPa、萃取温度50℃、萃取时间2 h工艺条件下,人参籽油得率为16.2%。经检测,人参籽油脂肪酸组成为不饱和脂肪酸占99%以上,其中油酸含量极高,可达73.93%。通过不同制取方法所得到的人参籽油的脂肪酸组成分析表明,超临界CO2萃取法与溶剂萃取法所提取人参籽油的脂肪酸明显多于压榨法的脂肪酸成分;且超临界CO2萃取法具有无有机化学试剂残留的明显优势,因此,是未来人参籽油提取中可以应用的一种绿色环保的提取工艺和技术。     

Comparative advantages of chemical compositions of specific edible vegetable oils

As important supplementary to major edible oils, comparative chemical advantages of minor edible oils decide their development and usage. In this study, chemical composition of 13 kinds of specific edible vegetable oils were investigated. The comparative advantages of chemical compositions of these edible oils were obtained as follows: (1) camellia, tiger nut and almond oil were rich in oleic acid, the contents of which accounted for 79.43%, 69.16% and 66.26%, respectively; (2) safflower oil contained the highest content of linoleic acid (76.69%), followed by grape seed (66.85%) and walnut oil (57.30%); (3) perilla seed, siritch, peony seed and herbaceous peony seed oil were rich in α-linolenic acid (59.61%, 43.74%, 40.83% and 30.84%, respectively); (4) the total phytosterol contents of these oils ranged from 91.46 mg/100 ​g (camellia oil) to 506.46 mg/100 ​g (siritch oil); and (5) The best source of tocopherols was sacha inchi oil (122.74 mg/100 ​g), followed by perilla seed oil (55.89 mg/100 ​g), peony seed oil (53.73 mg/100 ​g) and herbaceous peony seed oil (47.17 mg/100 ​g). The comparative advantages of these specific edible oils indicated that they possess the high potential nutritional values and health care functions.     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction and profile characteristics of seed oil from Isatis indigotica Fort

In order to further exploit the by-products of Isatis indigotica Fort., the seed oil was studied for its extraction and physicochemical properties. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used, and the parameters affecting seed oil recovery were optimized through response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions were as follows: solvent-to-sample, 24:1; particle size, 110 meshes; extraction temperature, 49 °C; and extraction time, 44 min. Which resulted in a maximum oil recovery of 81.20 ± 0.21% (n = 3). Furthermore, the effects of UAE on the yield, fatty acid compositions, physicochemical properties, and microstructure of the seed powder were also investigated by calculating the recovery rate, utilizing a gas chromatograph fitted with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS), and performing scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results show that UAE was an effective method for the seed oil extraction and the high content of unsaturated fatty acids (93.81%) demonstrates the oil has potential benefits for the cosmetics, edible products, or pharmaceutical industries.     

少量油菜种子含油量快速测定方法及应用研究

构建了一种高通量的、测定少量油菜种子（约200mg）中粗脂肪含量的超声波提取装置,通过对种子浸泡时间、超声波提取时间、超声波提取温度做三因素三水平正交试验确定了最佳提取条件为：浸泡时间1.5h,超声波提取时间60min,超声波提取温度50℃。在优化的条件下,该方法测得同品种油菜籽样品中粗脂肪含量的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于3.6%（n＝8）,具有较好的重现性;且测定结果与标准方法相一致,具有较高的准确性。实验结果表明,本研究所构建的超声波提取法可满足一般少量油菜种子中粗脂肪含量的准确测定。该方法的建立,为油菜育种和基因工程研究中少量样品含油量的测定提供了一种快速测定的方法。     

利用核磁共振方法测定油料种子含油量

本文介绍用核磁共振方法测定油料种子含油量的基本原理,讨论了测定油料种子含油量三种方法:萃取重量分析法,近红外反射光谱法及核磁共振法的优缺点。与其它两种方法比较,核磁共振法更为准确,重复性更好。 宽线核磁共振技术测量种子中与油分和水分有关的总的氢含量,而与非油物质中的氢无关。如果种子干燥后再进行测量,则仪器的响应正比于种子中油含量。 而脉冲核磁共振方法,种子不需要干燥和称重。它是测量油料种子的固相(蛋白质和碳水化合物)和液相(油)的自由感应衰减(FID)信号。固相横向弛豫时间T_2远比液相短,这使我们有可能将两种信号分开,从而确定种子含油量。 与宽线核磁共振方法相比,脉冲核磁共振方法测量速度更快,更准确,它已用于种子的快速,非破坏检测,这一方法的推广有助于改进油料作物的选种和育种工作。     

辣木籽渣组分蛋白的理化与功能性质研究

辣木籽渣是辣木籽提取油之后的副产物,为了提高其综合利用价值,本文以辣木籽渣为原料,通过奥斯本（Osborne）四步法提取清蛋白、球蛋白、谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白,分析比较了4种组分蛋白的理化性质及功能特性。结果表明：清蛋白、球蛋白、谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白的提取率分别为10.34%、0.69%、3.40%和3.65%,纯度均在82%以上,清蛋白、球蛋白、谷蛋白的分子量均较低（5~25 kDa）,且清蛋白的蛋白条带浓度最高。此外,清蛋白的溶解性、乳化性、乳化稳定性及起泡性均为最优,但泡沫稳定性最差,在静置120 min后消散。4种组分蛋白的持油性均受温度的影响,球蛋白受温度影响最小。本研究表明辣木籽渣是一种较优质的植物蛋白资源,可为其在食品工业的加工利用提供理论依据     

Microemulsion-based palm kernel oil extraction using mixed surfactant solutions

This study introduces a novel technique using surfactant microemulsion-based oil seed extraction. To achieve this objective, microemulsion formation with palm kernel oil was studied first. Then, the selected microemulsion system was used for palm kernel extraction. The results showed that the mixed surfactant of 3 wt% Comperlan KD and either 0.1 wt% Alfoterra145-5PO or 145-8PO provided an ultralow interfacial tension with the palm kernel oil (0.0197 and 0.0359 mN/m, respectively). By using those two aqueous surfactant systems for palm kernel oil extraction, the extraction efficiency was 93.99 and 94.13% at the optimum crushed kernel size between 0.212 and 0.425 mm, using 1 g seed load to 10 ml of solution and 30 min of contact time. The extracted oil quality was evaluated for water content, fatty acids composition and surfactant partitioning into oil phase. The results showed that the quality of the oil obtained using the surfactant microemulsion-based technique is of similar or better quality than when extracted by hexane solvent.     

The saponins content of some Nigerian oil seeds

Three oil bearing seeds grown in Nigeria were found to contain saponins. The oil seeds, African oil bean seed (Pentaclethra macrophylla) rubber seed (Havea brasilienses), andMucuna uriens were defatted and saponin fractions extracted with 20% aqueous ethanol. Saponins obtained after extraction were 2.1% for African oil bean seed, 1.8% for rubber seed, and 2.1% forMucuna. These figures were similar to that of defatted soyabean with 2.4%. Results are discussed in relation to the possible beneficial or detrimental effects of saponins to man or animals that may consume these oil seeds.