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新疆杏产业发展现状分析及前景展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国果树》2019,(2)
杏产业在新疆林果业中具有重要的地位,研究可为新疆杏产业发展战略布局提供参考。采用实地调研、查阅资料等方法探讨新疆杏产业的发展方向。新疆杏产业发展经历了盲目扩张,增速放缓,收益、规模双重下降到稳定的历程;新疆杏产业可持续发展中存在田间栽培管理粗放、加工和销售模式单一、杏自身品质特性等一系列问题引起的杏产业效益低下,竞争力较弱的现状。针对以上问题分别从高效标准化栽培管理技术、杏产品挖掘等技术层面及与政策引导支持、相关产业调研评估、物流体系建设、产业链延伸、品牌建设等方面综合分析、探讨提质增效方案与对策,为新疆杏产业可持续发展提供建议。 相似文献
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退耕还林区李杏林果产业发展优势、前景及措施——以张掖市为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
退耕还林区要实现生态、经济可持续发展的目标,必须注意退耕还林后续产业的发展。以张掖市为例,分析其李、杏产业发展的条件,提出退耕还林区李、杏特色林果后续产业发展的前景和模式。 相似文献
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<正>河北省巨鹿县杏产业起步于1986年,当时我带着农业部的项目和辽宁省果树研究所的科技人员,会同河北农业大学、石家庄果树所和山东省果树所的科技人员,在邢台地区专员与林业局的支持下,在巨鹿县和广宗县开发杏产业,经过3年的努力,共发展杏树4 667 hm~2,至1992年巨鹿县杏产量达5 000万kg,杏产业已成为巨鹿县最大的支柱产业,也创造了产、加、销与科、工、农一体化的高效杏产业模式。 相似文献
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杏树病害研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目前世界杏产品市场广阔 ,杏产业蓬勃发展 ,年产量达 2 2 0万 t,其中土耳其杏产量占世界总产的 2 0 % ,俄罗斯约 11% ,意大利 10 % ,西班牙 8% ,法国和美国各 6 % ,希腊 5% ,这 7个国家总产量占世界总产的6 6 % [1] 。据估计 ,2 0 0 0年全世界杏产量将达 2 35.7万 t,比 1986年将增长 2 5%。随着杏产业的进一步发展 ,世界各主产国都相继对病虫害防治等进行深入研究并取得了一定的成果。杏树病害有 30多种 ,对一些危险性病害的防治多照搬其它果树上的方法 ,防效往往不尽人意 ,本文概述了世界杏采前病害研究现状 ,并就研究方向与防治措施作初步… 相似文献
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新疆杏产业发展优势、时空变化及对策建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
新疆丰富多彩的土地资源、光热资源、品种资源使新疆具备了发展杏产业的优势条件,变成了理想的杏生产基地。现采用查阅文献资料、统计数据以及绘图等方法,研究了新疆各地、州、市杏产业的优势条件、发展现状、面积与产量时空变化及存在的问题,并提出了使杏产业长期、健康、稳定、标准化、规模化发展的若干对策建议,以期为确定新疆各地、州、市杏产业的未来发展方向、领域及规模等提供理论依据。结果表明:新疆各地、州、市具备了发展杏产业的优势条件,这些自然资源及品种资源的优势仅仅是发展杏产业的前提和基础,并非是充分条件。只有开发出具有资源特色并市场竞争力的商品时,才能使自然资源优势转变为经济优势。新疆各地、州、市不同时期的杏种植面积表现为1999—2009年逐渐增大,2009—2013年呈减少趋势,但一直保持一定的规模。杏产业除了具有经济、生态和社会效益以外,还有医药、保健品及饮料方面的开发价值较高,因此,在确定发展方向及发展领域方面具有可开发性。 相似文献
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Wentao Zhang Yao Tang Wei Qi Xia Liu 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(3):261-269
Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), a member of the Rosaceae family, with favorable nutritional and flavour quality, exhibited the characteristic climacteric changes during the fruit ripening process in ‘Shushanggan’ apricot. To further confirm the ripening-related genes in apricot, we combined quantitative proteomic tools with bioinformatics to investigate the expression profiles of ripening genes involved in significant biochemical and metabolic changes during ripening stages. The results showed that physiological traits of apricot fruits varied significantly at three different ripening stages, with remarkable correlation with fruit quality changes. Furthermore, 128 stage-specific proteins that are differently expressed in a stage-responsive manner in ripening apricot fruits were identified. Hierarchical clustering of stage-responsive proteins also revealed the metabolic changes in accordance with fruit ripening. Hence, a link has been established between protein profiles and ripening phenotypes which will help to improve our understanding of apricot fruit ripening at the proteomic level. 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,103(3):305-315
Seventeen peach simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been used in the molecular characterization of 8 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars from Spain, North America, France, and Greece; a new breeding line from the apricot breeding program of INRA (Avignon, France); and 13 breeding lines and 3 new releases from the apricot breeding program of CEBAS-CSIC (Murcia, Spain). DNA fingerprints have been developed establishing the genetic relatedness among cultivars, new releases, and breeding lines. Amplification of SSR loci was obtained for all 17 primer pairs and 14 of them produced polymorphic amplification. The number of presumed alleles revealed by the SSR analysis ranged from one to nine, although most primers revealed three alleles or more. The mean number of alleles per locus was 4.1. Results allowed the molecular identification of all the apricot genotypes assayed. Apricot genotypes clustered into seven principal groups in accordance with their origin and pedigree. The implications of these results for apricot breeding programs in terms of protection of new release and design of new crosses are also discussed. 相似文献
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针对梅下毛瘿螨[Acalitus phloeocoptes(Nalepa)]为害造成的杏芽瘿进行了田间调查和室内研究。用石蜡切片法对受害芽组织形态进行了观察描述,采用蒽酮比色法、考马斯亮蓝G-250法及紫外分光光度法对受害芽可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、过氧化氢酶活性等进行了测定。结果表明:在所调查杏树栽培品种中杏芽瘿普遍发生,10个品种,在甘肃省兰州市秦王川地区发生最严重时病情指数为48。梅下毛瘿螨主要侵染杏树幼芽,受害芽增生畸变,形成大小不等的刺状瘿瘤。瘿瘤切片观察结果表明:受害芽解剖结构发生了明显变化,芽轴自下而上膨大,木质化程度由内向外逐渐加剧,外侧幼叶木质化程度高,尤其是靠近芽轴的基部已完全木质化并且明显增厚,叶片外张,内层幼叶外露;幼叶表皮细胞大小不一49.85%,受害芽的可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸和游离脯氨酸含量均升高,最高分别上升9.85%、96.87%和69.44%,过氧化氢酶活性亦增加,最高增加106.82%。 ,表皮显著增厚并且完全木质化,叶肉细胞排列乱而松弛,后期解体。受害芽与正常芽相比可溶性糖含量下降,最大降幅为包括意大利杏、双仁杏、金太阳等 相似文献
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In this study we compare the evaluation of Plum pox virus (Sharka) resistance of 29 apricot genotypes in controlled greenhouse conditions by grafting onto infected ‘GF305’ peach seedlings growing in pots, and in natural conditions by grafting onto infected 5-year-old apricot trees growing in the orchard. Apricot genotypes evaluated were initially classified into three groups: susceptible to PPV (presence of PPV symptoms and ELISA positive in greenhouse and field assays), resistant (absence of PPV symptoms and ELISA negative in both assays) and undetermined (evaluated differently in both assays). Results showed a similar behavior against Plum pox virus in both assays in 20 out of the 29 apricot genotypes studied (69%). However, in the other nine genotypes results were different (31%). Evaluation in field was more accurate, detecting a higher number of susceptible genotypes, probably due to the higher inoculation pressure in the old trees in comparison with the GF305 rootstocks in pots. However, greenhouse evaluation let to work in controlled isolated conditions with a higher number of genotypes. This situation is greatly required in areas where Sharka is not widely spread. Greenhouse evaluation could be then the first screening method to evaluate Plum pox virus resistance of apricot genotypes, and could be complemented with the evaluation onto infected trees in natural conditions in insect-proof quarantine shelter. 相似文献