糙皮侧耳漆酶基因的克隆及在粟酒裂殖酵母中的表达

利用RT-PCR技术,从糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)总RNA中克隆漆酶基因(Lac),再通过NheⅠ酶切位点与粟酒裂殖酵母(Schizosaccharomyces pombe)表达载体pESP-2连接,构建酵母真核表达载体,利用电转化方法转化粟酒裂殖酵母SP-Q01细胞,并在SP-Q01中进行表达分析,最后用愈创木酚法测定表达产物的酶学活性。漆酶基因在构建的表达载体重组SP-Q01细胞中得到表达,酶学活性达到89.37 U/L。     

柑橘冷诱导基因及其启动子表达载体构建与瞬时表达分析

【目的】以YFP为报告基因,构建柑橘冷诱导基因及其启动子的植物表达载体。【方法】克隆获得枳冷诱导基因Ptcor8及其启动子p Ptcor8,柠檬中同源基因Clcor8及其启动子p Clcor8;双酶切含启动子的克隆载体和植物表达原始载体p1D4,连接获得含启动子的中间载体;再双酶切含冷诱导基因的克隆载体和中间载体,连接后获得重组质粒;通过冻融法将重组质粒导入农杆菌EHA105中。【结果】构建了p1D4/p Ptcor8-Ptcor8::YFP,p1D4/p Ptcor8-Clcor8::YFP和p1D4/p Clcor8-Ptcor8::YFP 3个融合表达载体,瞬时表达发现3个融合基因均可在冰糖橙叶片中表达。【结论】3个融合表达载体的成功构建为下一步转化柠檬,分析枳冷诱导基因Ptcor8及其启动子p Ptcor8的功能奠定了基础。     

马铃薯卷叶病毒CP基因水溶性原核表达的研究

采用两种策略增强了马铃薯卷叶病毒(PLRV)CP基因的水溶性原核表达。首先,用5种可表达出分子伴侣的质粒分别转化重组菌TOP10(p BAD-LRCP),获得了既含p BAD-LRCP又含分子伴侣质粒的转化子;诱导转化子中PLRVCP基因与分子伴侣基因同时表达,SDS-PAGE结果表明,从转化子提取的水溶性蛋白中有明显的PLRV重组CP条带,即分子伴侣增进了重组CP的水溶性表达。其次,将PLRV-CP基因定向插入p ColdⅠ中构建了该基因的冷激诱导原核表达载体p Cold-LRCP,15℃、IPTG诱导24h,SDS-PAGE分析表明,从重组菌BL21(p Cold-LRCP)提取的上清蛋白中有明显的PLRV重组CP条带。试验结果表明,分子伴侣与冷激蛋白基因csp A的启动子均可提高PLRV-CP基因的水溶性表达,且后者的表达水平高于前者。     

银耳芽孢内源gpd启动子的克隆与功能鉴定

利用反向长距离PCR技术从银耳(Tremellafuciformis)芽孢gpd基因出发克隆上游gpd启动子序列,将预测的gpd启动子片段与多功能纤维素基因(mfc)连接构建表达载体,与潮霉素抗性质粒pBgGl-hph共转化银耳芽孢,对拟共转化子进行酶活发酵试验。结果表明:4轮反向长距离PCR克隆得到了1761bp的上游序列,经预测启动子落在上游1000bp左右区域内,包含两个高分值的起始转录位点,将gpd启动子分成gpd-Tre1(885bp)、gpd-Tre2(708bp)、gpd-Tre3(466bp)3段区域,分别与多功能纤维素基因(mfc)构建表达载体pgTre1-mfc、pgTre2-mfc和pgTre3-mfc。拟共转化子酶活发酵试验结果发现3个表达载体的转化子均能检测到多功能纤维素酶活,转化子T1-2包含gpd-Tre1启动子大片段,整体酶活最高,CMC酶活为14.12U/mL,比出发菌株Tr01提高34.3%,比工程菌株yLes3提高25.7%,木聚糖酶活为34.8U/mL,比Tr01酶活提高26.3%,略低于yLes3。3个启动子片段均具有表达活性,相比之下885bp的大片段gpd启动子表达活性更高。     

八氢番茄红素合成酶(PSY2)基因果实特异表达载体的构建

八氢番茄红素合成酶是番茄红素合成的关键酶,通过PCR法获取PSY2基因和E8启动子序列,将目的基因和E8启动子序列构建到植物表达载体pBI101.2中,构建了果实特异表达启动子的八氢番茄红素合成酶基因植物表达载体。并采用PCR、限制性内切酶酶切和序列测定分析法,对重组质粒进行鉴定。结果表明,番茄果实特异性表达PSY2蛋白的重组质粒构建成功;通过农杆菌直接转化技术将其成功转入转化农杆菌LBA4404、EHA105,为下一步PSY2蛋白在番茄果实中特异表达奠定了基础。     

韧皮部特异启动子驱动密码子优化的抗菌肽D基因的植物表达载体构建

根据177个GenBank中登录的柑橘编码蛋白密码子用法的分析结果,优化并重新设计和合成了含柑橘偏爱密码子、对柑橘黄龙病有杀灭作用的柞蚕抗菌肽D基因(命名为CAPD),克隆入pUC19克隆载体并经测序验证后,获得了含新抗病基因的重组质粒pUC19-CAPD。用限制性内切酶BamHI和SacI双酶切pUC19-CAPD克隆载体和pBI121植物表达载体的质粒DNA,回收pUC19-CAPD克隆载体中的CAPD基因小片段和pBI121植物表达载体中去掉GUS报告基因的大片段,经连接、转化和鉴定后,构建了由CaMV35S组成型启动子(35SP)驱动CAPD目的基因的新植物表达载体(命名为pHZ05);用限制性内切酶BamHI和HindIII双酶切含笋瓜韧皮部特异启动子(PSP)的pUCm-PSP克隆载体和pHZ05植物表达载体的质粒DNA,分别回收pUCm-PSP克隆载体中的PSP小片段和pHZ05植物表达载体中去掉CAPD目的基因上游35SP的大片段,经连接、转化和鉴定后,构建了由PSP驱动CAPD目的基因的新植物表达载体(命名为pHZ06)。利用细胞感受态法直接将2个由不同启动子驱动的含CAPD目的基因的新重组植物表达载体分别导入根癌农杆菌LBA4404、GV3101、EHA105和发根农杆菌Ri15834等4个农杆菌菌株中,为利用农杆菌介导的遗传转化技术培育抵抗由韧皮部传导的毁灭性和检疫性病害柑橘黄龙病的新种质奠定了基础。     

番茄LeEIL1基因表达工程菌的构建及表达分析

 以番茄果实为材料,通过RT-PCR扩增出番茄leEIL1基因,并构建了3种表达载体。表达结果比较分析表明,在以pPIC9k为表达载体,KM71毕赤酵母为宿主细胞的真核表达体系中,LeEIL1蛋白质的表达结果明显优于在以pET30a和pET15b为载体,BL21（DE3）plyss大肠杆菌为宿主细胞的原核表达体系中的表达结果。     

蒙古沙冬青AmDREB2.1表达载体构建及其结合活性鉴定

以蒙古沙冬青为试材,以AmDREB 2.1为研究对象,采用构建植物表达载体和叶盘法进行了AmDREB 2.1转烟草研究,采用Gateway和酵母单杂交技术研究了AmDREB 2.1转录因子的结合活性。结果表明:以BamH I和Sac I酶切位点成功构建了pPZP212-AmDREB 2.1表达载体,通过叶盘法获得了T0转AmDREB 2.1烟草株系。成功构建了pDEST22-AmDREB 2.1的酵母单杂交载体,分别转化YH4271-mDRE和YH4271-wDRE 2种酵母菌株,在Trp~-His~-Ade~-三缺培养基(3-AT浓度为0、20mmol·L~(-1))上筛选获得了阳性克隆,检测其β-半乳糖苷酶活性为阳性,显示AmDREB 2.1具有转录因子的结合活性。     

桦褐孔菌酸性蛋白酶的基因克隆及其在菌核中的表达

根据桦褐孔菌(Inonotus obliquus)酸性蛋白酶(Acid protease,AP)基因(IO-AP)序列密码子的偏好性优化选择酶切位点和载体,成功构建pGEX-4T1-IO-AP原核表达载体;用热激法将该载体转化到大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)BL21(DE3)中,构建桦褐孔菌酸性蛋白酶(IO-AP)重组菌。以此重组菌表达的IO-AP以包涵体形式存在,重组蛋白分子质量约为60kDa。以获得的较高纯度的重组IO-AP作为免疫原,采用传统3-2-2-2免疫方式免疫4只Balb/c小鼠,通过间接ELISA法测定抗血清效价,4免之后,4只小鼠抗血清效价均大于121500,成功制备了IO-AP多克隆抗体。Western Blotting检测表明,IO-AP在桦褐孔菌菌核形成过程中的表达呈现先上升后下降的趋势,以第二个时期(栽培130d,菌核长至1.33g时)AP蛋白表达量最高。     

Expression of hepatitis B virus core gene in Pichia pastoris

AIM: To study the expression of hepatitis B virus core gene in Pichia pastoris and to obtain high-level expressed recombinant HBcAg with good immunoreactivity and high specificity. METHODS: HBV core gene was amplified by PCR from plasmid pHBV1 which contained HBV whole DNA sequence. The PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector by TA cloning strategy. After confirmed by DNA sequence analysis, the gene of interest was inserted into the yeast expression vector pPIC9. The recombinant plasmid pPIC9-cAg was constructed and transformed into GS115 by electroporation. The recombinant yeast GS115 was induced by 0.5% methanol. The expressed product was analysed by SDS-PAGE,Western blot and ELISA. RESULTS: The restriction analysis and DNA sequence analysis proved that HBV core gene had already been cloned to yeast expression plasmid pPIC9. The expressed HBcAg existed in SDS-PAGE. Good immunoreactivity and high specificity of the recombinant HBcAg have been proved by ELISA and Western blot. The titre of the recombinant HBcAg in the cell lysate was 1∶12 800. CONCLUSION: The recombinant plasmid pPIC9-cAg was successfully constructed. The recombinant HBcAg with good immunoreactivity and high specificity was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris expression system and can be applied to further developing HBcAb immunoassay.     

Expression,purification and activity detemination of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor in Pichia pastoris

AIM:To determine the conditions of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor(hKGF) expression for large-scale production using Pichia pastoris(P.pastoris). METHODS:The DNA fragment encoding hKGF mature peptide was artificial synthesized. This artificial gene, which consisted of 20 codons of preference in P. pastoris, was cloned into secretory expression vector pPICZαA and transformed into P. pastoris X-33 strain. Under the optimal conditions in a 5 L fermentor, the target protein was purified using the combination of ultrafiltration and chromatography. The pro-proliferative activity of this protein for rhesus monkey lung epitelial cell line 4MBr-5 was detected by MTT assay. RESULTS:After 60 h of fermentation induced by methanol at 20℃, the expression level of recombinant hKGF was up to 14.1% of the total supernatant proteins. Subsequent filtration through heparin affinity chromatography and Sephadex G-25 yielded 12 mg/L target protein with purity > 95.0%. The glycosylated hKGF stimulated the proliferation of 4MBr-5 cells in vitro and its ED₅₀ was 57μg/L. CONCLUSION:The glycosylated hKGF was successfully expressed using P. pastoris and was able to improve the proliferation of 4MBr-5 cells in vitro.     

Construction and identification of eukaryotic expression vector of bcl-2 siRNA

AIM: To construct eukaryotic expression vector of small interfering RNA(siRNA) specific to bcl-2 and investigate the effect of recombinant plasmid on suppressing bladder cancer cell growth.METHODS: siRNA of bcl-2 gene was designed according to the principle of RNAi-based medicine, and was converted into cDNA coding expression of small hairpin RNAs(shRNA) of siRNA. The cDNA was synthesized and inserted into plasmid pGenesil-1. The recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors of pGenesil-1545 and pGenesil-1555 were controlled by the U6 promoter of RNA polymerase Ⅲ, identified by the restriction map and the sequence analysis, and transfected into T24 cells. After T24 cells were transfected for 72 h, expression of bcl-2 mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR; and MTT was used to observe the proliferation of T24 cells.RESULTS: The recombinant plasmids of pGenesil-1545 and pGenesil-1555 were identified by the restriction map and the sequence analysis. The sequences completely coincided with the designs. The expression of the bcl-2 mRNA in T24 cells transfected with recombinant plasmid decreased nearly 80%, and the growth of T24 cells was suppressed significantly.CONCLUSION: The siRNA eukaryotic expression vector against bcl-2 gene is successfully constructed. It effectively downregulates the expression of bcl-2 in T24 cells and suppresses the cell growth.     

Construction of mouse pdx-1 gene eukaryotic expression vector and its expression in embryonic stem cells

AIM: To clone mouse pdx-1 gene and construct its eukaryotic expression vector for expression of pdx-1 in mouse embryonic stem cells.METHODS: Mouse pdx-1 cDNA fragment was amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from mouse pancreatic cDNA. The purified fragment was recombinated with a eukaryotic expression vector carrying enhanced green fluorescent protein, pEGFP-N1. The pdx-1 cDNA fragment was inserted into the multi-clone sites of the vector to construct a new plasmid, pEGFP/pdx-1. E.colli strain DH5α was transfected with the new recombinant plasmid to expand it. Plasmid DNA extracted from the expanded DH5α was identifed by cutting with Hind Ⅲ, BamHⅠ nuclease and by DNA sequencing. Identified plasmid DNA was transfected into mouse embryonic stem cell line MESPU13 by carrying with liposome. RESULTS: A 876 bp cDNA fragment was amplified from mouse pancreatic cDNA by PCR and it was inserted into the vector pEGFP-N1 correctly. The fragment was defined to be pdx-1 gene by nuclease digestion and DNA sequencing. Mouse embryonic stem cell line MESPU13 was transfected with the new recombinant plasmid DNA. The green fluorescent protein report gene and pdx-1 gene expressed in transfected mouse embryonic stem cells within 24 h. CONCLUSION: Mouse pdx-1 gene is cloned and its recombinant eukaryotic expression vector carrying green fluorescent protein is constructed successfully. It provides a useful tool for further research on the function of pdx-1.     

Reversal of multidrug resistance by transfection of tumor necrosis factor α and MDR1 antisense RNA into multidrug resistant breast cancer cell line

AIM: To study the reversal effects of multidrug resistance by transfecting tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) cDNA and multidrug resistant 1 (MDR1) gene antisense RNA into multidrug resistant breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADR. METHODS: The recombinant vector of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) with MDR1 antisense RNA and recombinant vector of red fluorescent protein (DsRed2) with TNF-α cDNA were constructed by RT-PCR and DNA recombinant techniques. The recombinant vectors were transfected into multidrug resistant breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADR. The cell growth curves, cell apoptosis rates, MDR1 gene expression at mRNA and P-gp levels, and the sensitivity to ADR were determined before and after the transfection. RESULTS: After the transfection, cells showed lower growth rate, higher apoptosis rate, lower MDR1 expression at mRNA and P-gp levels, and the sensitivity to ADR increased significantly. CONCLUSION: Transfection of TNF-α cDNA and MDR1 antisense RNA into multidrug resistant breast cancer cells may have good effects on reversal of multidrug resistance.     

Evaluation of tyrosinase gene's expression in HEK293 cells by magnetic resonance imaging

AIM:Tyrosinase gene was transfected into HEK293 cell as a reporter gene, it's property of synthesizing melanin, which can be examined by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), is used to evaluate the tyrosinase gene's expression. The aim of this study was to search a way to evaluate the results of gene expression by MRI in vitro.METHODS:The plasmid of pcDNA3tyr which carried the full-length cDNA of tyrosinase gene was transfected into HEK293 cell by lipofectin. To observe the MRI signals of expressed melanin, the transfected cells were scanned by MRI sequences of T₁WI, T₁WI/SPIR and T₂WI. On the other hand, fontana stain was used to search for melanin granules in transfected cells, RT-PCR method was used to search for cDNA of tyrosinase gene.RESULTS:(1) Plasmids of pcDNA3tyr could be transfected into HEK293 cells and could synthesize a large amount of melanin. The synthetic melanins of 10⁶ cells, which had been transfected 5μg, 10μg, 20μg plasmids of pcDNA3tyr separately, were all sufficient to be detected by MRI and appeared high signal in MRI T₁WI、T₁WI/SPIR、T₂WI sequences. The signal intensities of MRI imaging were related to the amounts of transfected plasmids positively. (2) The melanin granules could be found in HEK293 cells by Fontana stain. (3) The cDNA fragment of tyrosinase gene could be detected in transfected HEK293 cells by RT-PCR.CONCLUSION:The fact that MRI could detect the synthet ic melanin of HEK293 cells, which controlled by expression of exogenous gene, demonstrates that medical imaging connecting with molecular biology technology can evaluate the result of gene expression in vitro.     

Effects of hepatitis C virus core protein on cell cycle of HepG2 cells

AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanism of hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection by studying the effect of its core protein on cell growth and the expression of cell cycle regulators such as cyclin D1 and pRb/p130 in HepG2 cells. METHODS: A eukaryotic expression vector that carried a gene encoding HCV-core-1b was constructed. The cDNA of HCV core protein was subcloned into pBabe-Flag-puro vector to generate pBabe-Flag-HCV-core-1b. The plasmid was transfected into Pheonix 293T packaging cells to produce retroviruses. The virus-containing supernatant collected from the cell culture was used to infect HepG2 cells and subsequently the cell line that stably expressed the core protein of HCV was obtained.The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of cyclin D1 and pRb/p130 was examined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The pBabe-Flag-HCV-core-1b vector was confirmed by DNA sequencing. The expression of HCV gene type 1b core protein was verified by Western blotting. The overexpression of HCV gene type 1b core protein impaired the cell cycle progression in G₀/G₁ phase and significantly reduced the levels of cyclin D1 and pRb/p130 in the cells. CONCLUSION: A eukaryotic expression plasmid that contains the cDNA of HCV core protein is successfully constructed, and a HepG2 cell line which stably expressed the core protein of HCV is also established. HCV gene type 1b core protein inhibits the cell cycle possibly through down-regulation of cyclin D1 and pRb/p130 proteins in the cells.     

Construction of recombinant plasmid pEGFP-HSP70 and its expression in rat neural stem cells

AIM：To explore the method of constructing recombinant plasmid pEGFP-HSP70 and its expression in neural stem cells. METHODS：Total RNA was acquired from the fetal liver tissue of SD rat. cDNA complete sequence of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene was amplified by RT-PCR, and cloned into an eukaryotic expression vector containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene, pEGFP-C2. Sequencing analysis was performed to confirm the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-HSP70. The technique of nucleofector transfection was used to transfect the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-HSP70 into neural stem cells. RESULTS：HSP70 cDNA sequence was correctly cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C2. The recombinant plasmid pEGFP-HSP70 was constructed successfully. Compared with control group, the fluorescence intensities in pEGFP-C2 group and pEGFP-HSP70 group were significantly increased. The fluorescence intensity in pEGFP-HSP70 group after 24 h of transfection was significantly decreased compared with other time points of 7 d, 14 d and 21 d. The expression level of HSP70 significantly increased 1 d, 7 d and 14 d after transfection compared with control group. CONCLUSION：The neural stem cells can be directly used as gene action target cells. The HSP70 expression level in the stem cells is closely related to the time after transfection.