盆栽观赏竹培育技术研究

结合实施浙江省“九五”课题“丛生竹笋与观赏竹开发研究”,从浙南丰富的竹类资源和发达的社会经济之实际出发,对我国盆栽观赏竹种的筛选、母株选择、处理、挖掘、生长管理、成景管理以及盆土和竹盆选择等系列环节做了配套研究,为开发浙南丛生观赏竹资源提供技术措施和母竹种质。     

Strategy for screening eucalypts for saline lands

We present a new approach for selecting seed sources of Eucalyptus to be grown on saline land. We evaluated our method using 22 seed sources, 11 tree-form species and 11 mallee-form species. We found that the commonly used strategy of selecting seed sources on the basis of average productivity was inappropriate, as average productivity was poorly correlated with the relationship between productivity and salinity that was actually observed. Using our new approach, we categorized seed sources as salt-sensitive or salt-tolerant based on the strength of the observed relationship between salinity and productivity. Seed sources defined as sensitive were associated with relatively large (−24.8 to −64.2%) productivity losses, while the changes in productivity for tolerant seed sources ranged from −17.1 to 10.5%. On average, reductions in height due to increased salinity were about 30% greater for sensitive seed sources than tolerant ones, although the effect was smaller for mallee-form and greater for tree-form seed sources. The difference between sensitive and tolerant seed sources was similar after 1, 2 and 4 years of growth.     

行业精英纵论 2004 实业前线预测 2005

关于中国木制品市场的观点。刚刚在大连参加了2004年中国木制品进出口贸易洽谈会,我对中国作为一个多种木制产品的来源地有了更加崭新的认识随着我们对于把中国当作一个潜在的木制产品原材料产地的兴趣的增长,我很高兴的看到会议谈到了关于木制产品认证的话题．为了保护濒临灭绝的森林和保证将来的木材需要,Home Depot首先于1999年发表了它的木材购买政策你可以在HomeDepot的主页：     

请给百姓一份安全食品菜单

“民以食为天”,“人命关天”,这两句古话阐明了食品安全无以复加的重要性。实际上,食品安全的重要性还远不止于此,这个问题不仅关系到人的健康和生命,而且关系到经济发展、社会稳定,乃至公民对整个社会和政府的信心。     

请给百姓一份安全食品菜单

“民以食为天”，“人命关天”，这两句古话阐明了食品安全无以复加的重要性。实际上，食品安全的重要性还远不止于此，这个问题不仅关系到人的健康和生命，而且关系到经济发展、社会稳定，乃至公民对整个社会和政府的信心。[编者按]     

An Ecological Framework for Planning for Forest Health

Concerns for maintaining biodiversity have led to the adoption of ecosystem management as the paradigm for federal land management. This approach will identify desired future conditions as the goal for management, based on ecological objectives for a given landscape. Some management efforts attempt to identify desired future conditions based on existing successional stages as defined by a classification of overstory vegetation types. Such an approach ignores most of the underlying ecological parameters of the landscape, and is inadequate for identifying past disturbance regimes and future successional pathways. An assessment of desired future conditions based on an ecological classification system is essential to overcome these inadequacies. The strategy proposed in this paper uses an appropriate ecological land classification, based on either ecological land types or habitat types, included in a broader hierarchical classification system. It also uses a vegetation map of existing overstory vegetation. These two maps are overlaid to generate polygons of ecological units that can then be used to create an ecosystem diversity matrix. Each polygon (stand) can be evaluated as to its composition and structure relative to its possible placement within the ecosystem diversity matrix through comparisons with historical ranges of variability. The overall ecosystem diversity matrix can then be examined in terms of the distribution of successional stages within each habitat type or ecological land type. The goal should be to maintain at least adequate ecological representation of all successional stages within each habitat type that occurred historically, based on past disturbance regimes. Adequate ecological representation is defined as sufficient size and distribution of inherent ecosystems to maintain viable populations of all endemic species dependent on these ecosystems. This approach can maintain and enhance regional biodiversity, but also maintain flexibility in land management options.     

植物组培内生菌污染的防治措施

文章对植物组织培养中的内生菌污染和外生菌污染的区别和内生菌在植物体内的分布种类进行阐述,对组培内生菌污染的危害特点、发生原因及防治措施等进行归纳综述,以期为植物组培内生细菌污染的预防和控制提供参考。     

12个桃品种的花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量

在浙西南地区研究12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量生态指标.犹他模型测定结果显示:12个桃品种中,花芽休眠需冷量低的品种为春蜜、超红、中油11号、中油7号、中油4号,约为550～650 cu;其次是丽油5号、仓方早生、燕红、丽油3号、早凤凰,约为650～ 800 cu;需冷量高的品种为新川中岛和赤月,约为900～ 950cu.同一地区不同品种需热量差异较大,同一品种年际间差异相对较小.以生长度天模型试验结果表明:开花需热量低的品种为赤月和丽油3号,大约400 ～ 500 d·℃;其次是新川中岛,大约500～600 d·℃;春蜜、丽油5号、早凤凰、中油4号、中油7号、仓方早生和燕红大约600 ～ 700 d·℃;需热量较高的是中油11号和超红,约为700～800 d·℃.12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量与开花需热量之间呈乘幂函数曲线显著负相关.     

Bending strength adjustments for moisture content for structural lumber

Summary Effects of moisture content on bending strength and section capacity have been studied assuming that strength properties are linearly related to moisture content below the fiber saturation point. The models developed using the linear strength vs. moisture content relationships are compared with quadratic models developed earlier. The linear representation of strength variation with moisture content leads to predicted member bending capacity relationships which show that increases in member bending strength with moisture content will compensate for section property decreases at all bending strength property levels. Comparisons of bending strength and bending capacity models show that the two modelling approaches lead to similar predicted member performance. Simplified procedures are provided for adjusting member bending strength for moisture content which are suitable for materials properties codes or standards.     

A framework for a modular modelling approach for agroforestry

There are a number of problems with conventional methods for implementing models of agroforestry systems, including the difficulties of building, modifying and understanding them. One way of addressing these problems is to adopt a modular modelling approach, in which a model is constructed by linking a number of submodels, which in turn may consist of smaller computational units.This paper presents a basic framework for the design of a modular modelling approach suitable for agroforestry modelling. This approach is based on a close correspondence between the notion of module in modelling and of subroutine in a programming implementation of a model, so that selecting and linking modules is analogous to choosing and issuing calls to subroutines. This approach has the potential for enabling the complex modelling structures that are required for agroforestry modelling, such as spatial aspects and the representation of individual trees, to be handled in a consistent and uniform manner.The approach requires that subroutines should be held as symbolically-represented structures, rather than just source code in a programming language, so that they can be referenced as discrete units, and internally modified by symbol-processing operations. It is shown that the logic-programming language Prolog is well-suited to the task of representing subroutines in template form, ready to be fleshed out and combined into a single program in response to the selections made by a user. Prolog's suitability for the development of a user-friendly model design interface is also discussed, enabling models to be constructed simply by selecting options from a menu of design choices.     

营造林工程建设项目经济评价软件

从营造林工程建设项目经济评价的目的、意义以及实际工作的需要出发，详细地论述了营造林工程建设项目经济评价软件的设计思想、方法、结构和功能等。该软件的设计开发，能有效地提高营造林工程建设项目经济评价工作的效率和质量，实现项目决策的科学性。     

Laboratory test for grouping tropical species for kiln drying

Summary A system was developed for grouping tropical wood species for kiln drying based on similar estimated drying times. Six tropical species were subjected to drying and water soaking tests; variables were test temperature and specimen thickness. Soaking time, specimen thickness, and test temperature were used in an empirical model to predict drying times. The capability of the model to predict drying times was considered acceptable based on an adjusted coefficient of determination equal to 0.929 and an average error of 14 percent. The overall capability of the method proposed for grouping tropical hardwoods for drying is considered promising and worthy of further investigation.     

提高家具用水性涂料漆膜附着力的工艺技术

中国是家具生产大国,每年消耗大量的木器漆,对涂料的使用量在逐年增多。目前大量使用的溶剂型木器漆,如使用量最大的聚氨酯(PU)木器漆,含有大量具有毒性的有机溶剂,可挥发有机化合物(VOC)排放量较高,严重危害生态环境。同时,我国又是家具出口大国,每年向欧美国家出口大量家具,而这些国家有严格的法规,如德国的TA-Luft,欧洲共同体的CEPE推荐标准和美国的VOC法规,要求对家具的有害物质含量进行严格控制。这是对我     

木材的太阳能干燥与远红外线干燥

介绍了木材太阳能干燥和远红外线干燥的原理、设备及应用。     

Using optimization for fitting individual-tree growth models for uneven-aged stands

A convenient model type for simulating the dynamics of uneven-aged and uneven-sized stands of Finland is individual-tree model. This is because the stand structures are complex due to the presence of several tree species and irregular size distributions of trees. The required minimum set of models in this approach consists of species-specific individual-tree diameter increment models, individual-tree survival models, and ingrowth models. The development of these models needs data in which the diameter and survival of each tree of the sample plots is known for at least two time points. For this, the trees need to be numbered, which is tedious in uneven-aged forests due to the great number of small trees and the continuous ingrowth process. This study proposes a modelling approach that fits the above models but requires only the diameter distributions of the plots in the beginning and at the end of the measurement interval. The method uses non-linear optimization to derive such values for model parameters that, when the models are applied to the initial diameter distribution, the simulated stand development results in a diameter distribution which agrees with the measured ending distribution. The study showed that the method produces similar models and model parameters as regression analysis. Since the method is less demanding in terms of modelling data, it brings new data sets available for modelling the dynamics of uneven-aged stands and reduces the cost of collecting new data. The models fitted by the proposed optimization method were rather similar to the models developed earlier for Finnish uneven-aged forests.     

建筑信息模型BIM

英国结构工程、建筑情报和工程木材产品软件公司C4Ci与德国领先的木材建筑CAD/CAM软件公司SEMA成立了合资企业。此合资经营是由两个重要的趋势所推动的。一个是越来越多被采用的预制建筑方法对设计的要求越来越高,需要更多的工程参数;一个是加速采用建筑信息模型(Building InformationModelling,BIM),以提高供应链效率和建筑的性能,达到改进综合可持续性的最终目的。BIM是一个高效的数字化枢纽,一个工程项目,从设计到材料供应,甚至交付使用后的性能评估各重要环节的参与者在开工前就要进行沟通,通力合作,以获得最高的效率,减少失误,保证符合规章,减少废弃物和改进综合性能和完工建筑的可持续性。在每一个步骤     

绿色的呼唤

当今社会，最前卫的时尚莫过于绿色生活方式：绿色食品、绿色建筑．天然氧吧、绿色旅游、绿色GDP……专家已经断言。21世纪是绿色的世纪，是生态的世纪。 当非理性的发展威胁着人类自身生存的时候．人类开始深情地呼唤绿色。提高绿色认知，是消费者，政府、各行业、有关社会团体共同的责任。我们对绿色生活、绿色消费的认识不应只停留在对时尚追逐的层面上。而应付诸生活的点滴。付诸企业的长远发展规划，付诸政府宏观调控的理性选择。[编者按]